-reduces the incidence of yeast infections
-dispensed more deeply and uniformly than whan w/o it
spacer -there is less need to coordinate the effort of inhalation with pressing on th
canister of the inhaler
-decrease either the no. or volume of puffs taken
1st action of chest tube accidentally place the chest tube ie in a container of sterile water or saline
disconnects from thechest drainage
system
chest tube:____ indicates that the lung has lack of fluctuation in the water seal chamber
reexpanded
water-seal chamber should be filled to the 2cm mark to provide an adequa
Chest tube drainage system
water seal between external env'l and the clients pleural cavity
fluid in the water-seal compartment should rise with inspiration and fall with
Should fluid move in water seal
expiration (tidaling)
continous bubbling in the water-seal air is leaking into the drainage system or pleural cavity
compartment during inspiration and
expiration indicates
, HESI EXIT
A nurse is assisting in monitoring a client Trousseau's Sign
for signs of hypocalcemia. Which of the
following should the nurse note on data
collection if hypocalcemia is present
A nurse is monitoring a client with Trousseau's Sign
hypoparathyroidism for signs of
hypocalcemia. The nurse wraps a blood
pressure (BP) cuff around the clients
upper arm, fills the cuff, and monitors for
spasms of the wrist and the hand. The
nurse document the findings, kowning
that this technique checks for the
presence of which of the following?
, HESI EXIT
The Chvostek sign is one of the signs of tetany seen in hypocalcemia. It refe
an abnormal reaction to the stimulation of the facial nerve. When the facial
nerve is tapped at the angle of the jaw (i.e. masseter muscle), the facial mus
on the same side of the face will contract momentarily (typically a twitch of
nose or lips) because of hypocalcemia (i.e. from hypoparathyroidism,
Chvostek's Sign pseudohypoparathyroidism, hypovitaminosis D) with resultant hyperexcitab
of nerves. Though classically described in hypocalcemia, this sign may also
encountered in respiratory alkalosis, such as that seen in hyperventilation, w
actually causes decreased serum Ca2+ with a normal calcium level due to a
of Ca2+ from the blood to albumin which has become more negative in the
alkalotic state.
, HESI EXIT
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome, or HHNS, is a serious
condition most frequently seen in older persons. HHNS can happen to peo
with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes that is not being controlled properly, b
occurs more often in people with type 2. HHNS is usually brought on by
something else, such as an illness or infection.
In HHNS, blood sugar levels rise, and your body tries to get rid of the exce
sugar by passing it into your urine. You make lots of urine at first, and you h
to go to the bathroom more often. Later you may not have to go to the
bathroom as often, and your urine becomes very dark. Also, you may be ve
thirsty. Even if you are not thirsty, you need to drink liquids. If you don't drin
enough liquids at this point, you can get dehydrated.
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic
syndrome (HHNS) If HHNS continues, the severe dehydration will lead to seizures, coma and
eventually death. HHNS may take days or even weeks to develop. Know the
warning signs of HHNS.
What are the Warning Signs?
* Blood sugar level over 600 mg/dl
* Dry, parched mouth
* Extreme thirst (although this may gradually disappear)
* Warm, dry skin that does not sweat
* High fever (over 101 degrees Fahrenheit, for example)
* Sleepiness or confusion