RES 204 Test 3 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What intervention should the therapist perform when an infant is born with choanal atresia in
respiratory distress?
A) Perform nasotracheal intubation.
B) Recommend a tracheotomy procedure.
C)Insert an oral airway.
D)Perform a cricothyroidotomy. - CORRECT ANSWER c) Insert an oral airway.
About half of infants diagnosed with choanal atresia also have ______________________.
A) Abdominal compartment syndrome
B) VACTERL syndrome
C) CHARGE syndrome
D)Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER c) CHARGE syndrome
Which of the following interventions is used to treat the most severe cases of macroglossia?
A) Prone feeding positioning
B) Surgical intervention
C)Polysomnography to determine any effect on sleep is all that is required
D)Supine positioning - CORRECT ANSWER b) Surgical intervention
Which of the following conditions is consistent with micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft
palate in a newborn?
A) Pierre Robin syndrome
B) Choanal atresia
C)Treacher Collins syndrome
D)Esophageal atresia - CORRECT ANSWER a) Pierre Robin syndrome
Which of the following forms of tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia is most
common?
A) Blind-ending upper oesophageal pouch of variable length associated with a fistula from
the lower trachea or main stem bronchi leading into the distal oesophagus
B) An isolated oesophageal atresia with a proximal blind-ending pouch and a "long gap" of
missing oesophagus above a small distal oesophageal pouch
C)An oesophageal atresia with a proximal and distal tracheoesophageal fistula
,D)An isolated tracheoesophageal fistula presenting without atresia and usually occurring in
the lower cervical or upper thoracic area - CORRECT ANSWER a)Blind-ending upper
esophageal pouch of variable length associated with a fistula from the lower trachea or main
stem bronchi leading into the distal esophagus
A newborn is brought to the emergency room for difficulty breathing. The mother of the baby
reports constant drooling, choking, and coughing episodes. What should the therapist suspect
this condition is?
A)Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
B)Tracheoesophageal fistula
C)Esophageal atresia
D)Pyloric dilation - CORRECT ANSWER c)Esophageal atresia
Why does an infant's respiratory distress from choanal atresia seem to lessen when the infant
cries?
A)Because the anterior nares widen more
B)Because the infant breathes more through the mouth
C)Because the infant is able to generate a stronger inspiratory effort
D)Because accessory muscles of ventilation help stabilize the chest wall - CORRECT
ANSWER b)Because the infant breathes more through the mouth
A 4-year-old child is brought into the emergency room (ER) by her parents, who state that an
abrupt high fever developed along with a severe sore throat, dysphagia with drooling, and
cough. In the ER, the girl exhibits stridor, muffled voice without hoarseness, air hunger, and
cyanosis. She also has suprasternal, substernal, and intercostal retractions, with nasal flaring,
bradypnea, and dyspnea. The child is sitting upright with her chin thrust forward and her neck
hyperextended in a tripod position. What condition is she likely exhibiting?
A)Laryngotracheobronchitis
B)Tracheomalacia
C)Bacterial tracheitis
D)Epiglottitis - CORRECT ANSWER d)Epiglottitis
A 10-month-old child has been brought into the emergency room (ER) by his or her parents,
who state that after few days with low-grade fever, malaise, and rhinorrhea, their child
presented with a "barking" cough and increased work of breathing. What condition is this
child likely exhibiting?
A)Epiglottitis
B)Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
C)Bronchitis
, D)Bronchiolitis - CORRECT ANSWER b)Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
Which of the following lateral neck radiographic presentations is characteristic of
laryngotracheobronchitis?
A)Posterior pharyngeal shadow
B)Thumb sign
C)Steeple sign
D)Penumbra effect - CORRECT ANSWER c)Steeple sign
Which of the following medications should be administered to a 4-year-old child with
symptomatic LTB and respiratory compromise?
A)Phenylephrine
B)Racemic epinephrine
C)Albuterol
D)Antibiotics - CORRECT ANSWER b)Racemic epinephrine
A 3-year-old child has been diagnosed with epiglottitis and was intubated due to severe
respiratory distress. After 24 hours of antibiotics, the therapist is considering extubation.
What will be an acceptable leak before considering extubation?
A)10 to 20 cm H2O.
B)20 to 30 cm H2O.
C)30 to 35 cm H2O.
D)An audible leak at any pressure level is enough to consider extubation. - CORRECT
ANSWER b)20 to 30 cm H2O.
Tracheomalacia is a condition of dynamic tracheal collapse. Which of the following injurious
events can be associated with this condition?
A)Neonatal ventilation with high pressures
B)Excessive use of racemic epinephrine
C)Tracheal trauma due to CPT
D)Neonatal ventilation with high oxygen concentrations - CORRECT
ANSWER a)Neonatal ventilation with high pressures
An 11-month-old child has been treated with bronchodilators for persistent wheezing without
a positive clinical response. Which of the following conditions should the therapist suspect?
A)Bronchitis
B)Aspergillosis
C)Bronchiolitis
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What intervention should the therapist perform when an infant is born with choanal atresia in
respiratory distress?
A) Perform nasotracheal intubation.
B) Recommend a tracheotomy procedure.
C)Insert an oral airway.
D)Perform a cricothyroidotomy. - CORRECT ANSWER c) Insert an oral airway.
About half of infants diagnosed with choanal atresia also have ______________________.
A) Abdominal compartment syndrome
B) VACTERL syndrome
C) CHARGE syndrome
D)Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER c) CHARGE syndrome
Which of the following interventions is used to treat the most severe cases of macroglossia?
A) Prone feeding positioning
B) Surgical intervention
C)Polysomnography to determine any effect on sleep is all that is required
D)Supine positioning - CORRECT ANSWER b) Surgical intervention
Which of the following conditions is consistent with micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft
palate in a newborn?
A) Pierre Robin syndrome
B) Choanal atresia
C)Treacher Collins syndrome
D)Esophageal atresia - CORRECT ANSWER a) Pierre Robin syndrome
Which of the following forms of tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia is most
common?
A) Blind-ending upper oesophageal pouch of variable length associated with a fistula from
the lower trachea or main stem bronchi leading into the distal oesophagus
B) An isolated oesophageal atresia with a proximal blind-ending pouch and a "long gap" of
missing oesophagus above a small distal oesophageal pouch
C)An oesophageal atresia with a proximal and distal tracheoesophageal fistula
,D)An isolated tracheoesophageal fistula presenting without atresia and usually occurring in
the lower cervical or upper thoracic area - CORRECT ANSWER a)Blind-ending upper
esophageal pouch of variable length associated with a fistula from the lower trachea or main
stem bronchi leading into the distal esophagus
A newborn is brought to the emergency room for difficulty breathing. The mother of the baby
reports constant drooling, choking, and coughing episodes. What should the therapist suspect
this condition is?
A)Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
B)Tracheoesophageal fistula
C)Esophageal atresia
D)Pyloric dilation - CORRECT ANSWER c)Esophageal atresia
Why does an infant's respiratory distress from choanal atresia seem to lessen when the infant
cries?
A)Because the anterior nares widen more
B)Because the infant breathes more through the mouth
C)Because the infant is able to generate a stronger inspiratory effort
D)Because accessory muscles of ventilation help stabilize the chest wall - CORRECT
ANSWER b)Because the infant breathes more through the mouth
A 4-year-old child is brought into the emergency room (ER) by her parents, who state that an
abrupt high fever developed along with a severe sore throat, dysphagia with drooling, and
cough. In the ER, the girl exhibits stridor, muffled voice without hoarseness, air hunger, and
cyanosis. She also has suprasternal, substernal, and intercostal retractions, with nasal flaring,
bradypnea, and dyspnea. The child is sitting upright with her chin thrust forward and her neck
hyperextended in a tripod position. What condition is she likely exhibiting?
A)Laryngotracheobronchitis
B)Tracheomalacia
C)Bacterial tracheitis
D)Epiglottitis - CORRECT ANSWER d)Epiglottitis
A 10-month-old child has been brought into the emergency room (ER) by his or her parents,
who state that after few days with low-grade fever, malaise, and rhinorrhea, their child
presented with a "barking" cough and increased work of breathing. What condition is this
child likely exhibiting?
A)Epiglottitis
B)Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
C)Bronchitis
, D)Bronchiolitis - CORRECT ANSWER b)Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)
Which of the following lateral neck radiographic presentations is characteristic of
laryngotracheobronchitis?
A)Posterior pharyngeal shadow
B)Thumb sign
C)Steeple sign
D)Penumbra effect - CORRECT ANSWER c)Steeple sign
Which of the following medications should be administered to a 4-year-old child with
symptomatic LTB and respiratory compromise?
A)Phenylephrine
B)Racemic epinephrine
C)Albuterol
D)Antibiotics - CORRECT ANSWER b)Racemic epinephrine
A 3-year-old child has been diagnosed with epiglottitis and was intubated due to severe
respiratory distress. After 24 hours of antibiotics, the therapist is considering extubation.
What will be an acceptable leak before considering extubation?
A)10 to 20 cm H2O.
B)20 to 30 cm H2O.
C)30 to 35 cm H2O.
D)An audible leak at any pressure level is enough to consider extubation. - CORRECT
ANSWER b)20 to 30 cm H2O.
Tracheomalacia is a condition of dynamic tracheal collapse. Which of the following injurious
events can be associated with this condition?
A)Neonatal ventilation with high pressures
B)Excessive use of racemic epinephrine
C)Tracheal trauma due to CPT
D)Neonatal ventilation with high oxygen concentrations - CORRECT
ANSWER a)Neonatal ventilation with high pressures
An 11-month-old child has been treated with bronchodilators for persistent wheezing without
a positive clinical response. Which of the following conditions should the therapist suspect?
A)Bronchitis
B)Aspergillosis
C)Bronchiolitis
