,Name: ___________________________ Class: _________________ Date: __________
Chapter 01
1. Living systems are incredibly diverse in size, shape, environment, and behavior. It
is estimated that there are between 10 million and 100 million different species.
Despite this wide variety of organisms, it remains difficult to define what it means
to say something is alive. Which of the following can be described as the smallest
living unit?
a. DNA
b. cell
c. organelle
d. protein
2. The central dogma provides a framework for thinking about how genetic
information is copied and used to produce structural and catalytic components of
the cell. From the choices below, select the order of components and biochemical
processes that best correlates with the tenets of the central dogma.
a. DNA [transcription] RNA [translation] protein
b. protein [translation] RNA [transcription] DNA
c. DNA [translation] RNA [transcription] protein
d. RNA [transcription] protein [translation] DNA
3. Proteins are important architectural and catalytic components within the cell,
helping to determine its chemistry, shape, and ability to respond to changes in the
environment. Remarkably, all the different proteins in a cell are made from the
same 20 __________. By linking them in different sequences, the cell can make
protein molecules with different conformations and surface chemistries, and
therefore different functions.
a. nucleotides
b. sugars
c. amino acids
d. fatty acids
,4. Which statement is FALSE about mutations?
a. A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate offspring less fit for
survival than their parents.
b. A mutation can be a result of imperfect DNA replication.
c. A mutation is a result of sexual reproduction.
d. A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate offspring that are as
fit for survival as their parents are.
5. Changes in DNA sequences from one generation to the next may result in
offspring that are altered in fitness compared with their parents. The process of
change and selection over the course of many generations is the basis of
a. mutation.
b. evolution.
c. heredity.
d. reproduction.
6. Select the option that best finishes the following statement: Evolution is a process
a. that can be understood based on the principles of mutation and selection.
b. that results from repeated cycles of adaptation over billions of years.
c. by which all present-day cells arose from four to five different ancestral
cells.
d. that requires hundreds of thousands of years.
7. A cell’s genome
a. is defined as all the genes being used to make protein.
b. contains all of a cell’s DNA.
c. constantly changes, depending upon the cell’s environment.
d. is altered during embryonic development.
8. Which statement is FALSE about the events/conclusions from studies during the
mid-1800s surrounding the discovery of cells?
a. Cells came to be known as the smallest universal building block of living
organisms.
, b. Scientists concluded that new cells can form spontaneously from the
remnants of ruptured cells.
c. Light microscopy was essential in demonstrating the commonalities
between plant and animal tissues.
d. New cells arise from the growth and division of previously existing cells.
9. What unit of length would you generally use to measure a typical plant or animal
cell?
a. centimeters
b. nanometers
c. millimeters
d. micrometers
10.Cell biologists employ targeted fluorescent dyes or modified fluorescent proteins
in both standard fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy to observe
specific details in the cell. Even though fluorescence permits better visualization,
the resolving power is essentially the same as that of a standard light microscope
because the resolving power of a fluorescent microscope is limited by the
__________ of visible light.
a. absorption
b. intensity
c. filtering
d. wavelength
11.What is the smallest distance two points can be separated and still resolved using
light microscopy?
a. 20 nm
b. 0.2 μm
c. 2 μm
d. 200 μm
12.Which of the following reagents should you recommend to your colleague if she is
attempting to add contrast to a specimen that she intends to prepare for
transmission electron microscopy?
Chapter 01
1. Living systems are incredibly diverse in size, shape, environment, and behavior. It
is estimated that there are between 10 million and 100 million different species.
Despite this wide variety of organisms, it remains difficult to define what it means
to say something is alive. Which of the following can be described as the smallest
living unit?
a. DNA
b. cell
c. organelle
d. protein
2. The central dogma provides a framework for thinking about how genetic
information is copied and used to produce structural and catalytic components of
the cell. From the choices below, select the order of components and biochemical
processes that best correlates with the tenets of the central dogma.
a. DNA [transcription] RNA [translation] protein
b. protein [translation] RNA [transcription] DNA
c. DNA [translation] RNA [transcription] protein
d. RNA [transcription] protein [translation] DNA
3. Proteins are important architectural and catalytic components within the cell,
helping to determine its chemistry, shape, and ability to respond to changes in the
environment. Remarkably, all the different proteins in a cell are made from the
same 20 __________. By linking them in different sequences, the cell can make
protein molecules with different conformations and surface chemistries, and
therefore different functions.
a. nucleotides
b. sugars
c. amino acids
d. fatty acids
,4. Which statement is FALSE about mutations?
a. A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate offspring less fit for
survival than their parents.
b. A mutation can be a result of imperfect DNA replication.
c. A mutation is a result of sexual reproduction.
d. A mutation is a change in the DNA that can generate offspring that are as
fit for survival as their parents are.
5. Changes in DNA sequences from one generation to the next may result in
offspring that are altered in fitness compared with their parents. The process of
change and selection over the course of many generations is the basis of
a. mutation.
b. evolution.
c. heredity.
d. reproduction.
6. Select the option that best finishes the following statement: Evolution is a process
a. that can be understood based on the principles of mutation and selection.
b. that results from repeated cycles of adaptation over billions of years.
c. by which all present-day cells arose from four to five different ancestral
cells.
d. that requires hundreds of thousands of years.
7. A cell’s genome
a. is defined as all the genes being used to make protein.
b. contains all of a cell’s DNA.
c. constantly changes, depending upon the cell’s environment.
d. is altered during embryonic development.
8. Which statement is FALSE about the events/conclusions from studies during the
mid-1800s surrounding the discovery of cells?
a. Cells came to be known as the smallest universal building block of living
organisms.
, b. Scientists concluded that new cells can form spontaneously from the
remnants of ruptured cells.
c. Light microscopy was essential in demonstrating the commonalities
between plant and animal tissues.
d. New cells arise from the growth and division of previously existing cells.
9. What unit of length would you generally use to measure a typical plant or animal
cell?
a. centimeters
b. nanometers
c. millimeters
d. micrometers
10.Cell biologists employ targeted fluorescent dyes or modified fluorescent proteins
in both standard fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy to observe
specific details in the cell. Even though fluorescence permits better visualization,
the resolving power is essentially the same as that of a standard light microscope
because the resolving power of a fluorescent microscope is limited by the
__________ of visible light.
a. absorption
b. intensity
c. filtering
d. wavelength
11.What is the smallest distance two points can be separated and still resolved using
light microscopy?
a. 20 nm
b. 0.2 μm
c. 2 μm
d. 200 μm
12.Which of the following reagents should you recommend to your colleague if she is
attempting to add contrast to a specimen that she intends to prepare for
transmission electron microscopy?
