BIOL251 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS | RATED A+
1. Anatomy-ANSWER- study of structure
2. Physiology-ANSWER- study of how body parts function
3. Level of structural organization-ANSWER- chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system,
organismal
4. 11 systems of the human body-ANSWER- integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous,
endocrine, cardiovascu
Lar, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive
5. Integumentary components-ANSWER- skin, hair, nails
6. Integumentary functions-ANSWER- protection, body temperature regulation, insulation
7. Skeletal components-ANSWER- bones, joints, cartilage
8. Skeletal functions-ANSWER- structure, support, body movements
9. Muscular components-ANSWER- skeletal muscle tissue
10. Muscular functions-ANSWER- movements, produces heat, maintains posture
11. Nervous components-ANSWER- brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory organs (eyes and ears)
12. Nervous functions-ANSWER- action potentials, regulates body activities, detects changes in
internal and external
13. Endocrine components-ANSWER- hormone producing glands (pineal gland, hypothalamus,
pituary gland,
Ovaries, etc.)
14. Endocrine functions-ANSWER- releasing hormones (chemical messengers)
15. Cardiovascular components-ANSWER- blood, heart, blood vessels
16. Cardiovascular functions-ANSWER- pumping blood, helps regulate temperature and water
content of body fluids
17. Lymphatic components-ANSWER- lymphatic fluid, vessels, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes,
and tonsils
,18. Lymphatic functions-ANSWER- returns proteins and fluids to the blood, carries lipids
19. Respiratory components-ANSWER- lungs, trachea, bronchial tubes, pharynx, and larynx
20. Respiratory functions-ANSWER- transfers oxygen from inhaled air to blood and carbon
dioxide from blood to
Exhaled air
21. Digestive components-ANSWER- mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver,
pancreas, anus
22. Digestive functions-ANSWER- achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food, absorbs
nutrients
23. Urinary components-ANSWER- kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
24. Urinary functions-ANSWER- produces, stores, and eliminates urine
25. Reproductive components-ANSWER- gonads, uterine tubes, mammary glands, etc.
26. Reproductive functions-ANSWER- gonads produce gametes to help form a new organism,
mammary glands
Produce milk, etc.
27. Life processes in humans-ANSWER- metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth,
differentiation, reproduc
Tion
Biol251 final exam review
Study online at https-ANSWER-//quizlet.com/_8divch
28. Homeostasis-ANSWER- a condition of equilibrium, or balance, in the body's internal
environment
29. Fluid in homeostasis-ANSWER- extracellular fluid
30. Components of a feedback loop-ANSWER- stimulus, receptor, control center, effector,
response
31. Negative feedback loop-ANSWER- a feedback loop that causes a system to change in the
opposite direction from
, Which it is moving (example-ANSWER- change in blood pressure)
32. Positive feedback loop-ANSWER- a feedback loop in which change in a system is amplified
(example-ANSWER- pregnancy)
33. Tissue-ANSWER- a group of cells that usually have a common embryonic origin in an embryo
and function together to
Carry out specialized activities
34. 4 basic types of tissue-ANSWER- epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
35. Cell junctions-ANSWER- cells that are held together in a variety of ways; point of contact
between cells
36. Tight junctions-ANSWER- adjacent plasma membranes with intercellular space between;
stands of transmembrane
Proteins on the sides
37. Adherens junctions-ANSWER- adjacent plasma membranes with microfilament (actin) along
the middle with plaque
In between
38. Desmosomes-ANSWER- adjacent plasma membranes with plaque in the middle and keratin
on the sides (crazy
Looking)
39. Hemidesmosomes-ANSWER- attach epithelial cells to the basement membrane with keratin
on the top
40. Gap junctions-ANSWER- adjacent plasma membranes with connexons and gaps between
41. Epithelial tissue-ANSWER- cells arranged in sheets and are densely packed, many cell
junctions present, attaches to
Basement membrane, avascular with nerve supply, mitosis occurs frequently
42. Epithelial cell diagram-ANSWER-
Biol251 final exam review
Study online at https-ANSWER-//quizlet.com/_8divch
CORRECT ANSWERS | RATED A+
1. Anatomy-ANSWER- study of structure
2. Physiology-ANSWER- study of how body parts function
3. Level of structural organization-ANSWER- chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system,
organismal
4. 11 systems of the human body-ANSWER- integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous,
endocrine, cardiovascu
Lar, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive
5. Integumentary components-ANSWER- skin, hair, nails
6. Integumentary functions-ANSWER- protection, body temperature regulation, insulation
7. Skeletal components-ANSWER- bones, joints, cartilage
8. Skeletal functions-ANSWER- structure, support, body movements
9. Muscular components-ANSWER- skeletal muscle tissue
10. Muscular functions-ANSWER- movements, produces heat, maintains posture
11. Nervous components-ANSWER- brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory organs (eyes and ears)
12. Nervous functions-ANSWER- action potentials, regulates body activities, detects changes in
internal and external
13. Endocrine components-ANSWER- hormone producing glands (pineal gland, hypothalamus,
pituary gland,
Ovaries, etc.)
14. Endocrine functions-ANSWER- releasing hormones (chemical messengers)
15. Cardiovascular components-ANSWER- blood, heart, blood vessels
16. Cardiovascular functions-ANSWER- pumping blood, helps regulate temperature and water
content of body fluids
17. Lymphatic components-ANSWER- lymphatic fluid, vessels, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes,
and tonsils
,18. Lymphatic functions-ANSWER- returns proteins and fluids to the blood, carries lipids
19. Respiratory components-ANSWER- lungs, trachea, bronchial tubes, pharynx, and larynx
20. Respiratory functions-ANSWER- transfers oxygen from inhaled air to blood and carbon
dioxide from blood to
Exhaled air
21. Digestive components-ANSWER- mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver,
pancreas, anus
22. Digestive functions-ANSWER- achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food, absorbs
nutrients
23. Urinary components-ANSWER- kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
24. Urinary functions-ANSWER- produces, stores, and eliminates urine
25. Reproductive components-ANSWER- gonads, uterine tubes, mammary glands, etc.
26. Reproductive functions-ANSWER- gonads produce gametes to help form a new organism,
mammary glands
Produce milk, etc.
27. Life processes in humans-ANSWER- metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth,
differentiation, reproduc
Tion
Biol251 final exam review
Study online at https-ANSWER-//quizlet.com/_8divch
28. Homeostasis-ANSWER- a condition of equilibrium, or balance, in the body's internal
environment
29. Fluid in homeostasis-ANSWER- extracellular fluid
30. Components of a feedback loop-ANSWER- stimulus, receptor, control center, effector,
response
31. Negative feedback loop-ANSWER- a feedback loop that causes a system to change in the
opposite direction from
, Which it is moving (example-ANSWER- change in blood pressure)
32. Positive feedback loop-ANSWER- a feedback loop in which change in a system is amplified
(example-ANSWER- pregnancy)
33. Tissue-ANSWER- a group of cells that usually have a common embryonic origin in an embryo
and function together to
Carry out specialized activities
34. 4 basic types of tissue-ANSWER- epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
35. Cell junctions-ANSWER- cells that are held together in a variety of ways; point of contact
between cells
36. Tight junctions-ANSWER- adjacent plasma membranes with intercellular space between;
stands of transmembrane
Proteins on the sides
37. Adherens junctions-ANSWER- adjacent plasma membranes with microfilament (actin) along
the middle with plaque
In between
38. Desmosomes-ANSWER- adjacent plasma membranes with plaque in the middle and keratin
on the sides (crazy
Looking)
39. Hemidesmosomes-ANSWER- attach epithelial cells to the basement membrane with keratin
on the top
40. Gap junctions-ANSWER- adjacent plasma membranes with connexons and gaps between
41. Epithelial tissue-ANSWER- cells arranged in sheets and are densely packed, many cell
junctions present, attaches to
Basement membrane, avascular with nerve supply, mitosis occurs frequently
42. Epithelial cell diagram-ANSWER-
Biol251 final exam review
Study online at https-ANSWER-//quizlet.com/_8divch
