Cardiac/Vascular nursing exam
Questions and Answers updated 2026
Ascending Aorta -Answer-begins from the aortic valve and extends from the left ventricle of the
heart to the aortic arch.
-Supplies the Coronary Arteries
Aortic Arch -AnswerSupplies the Brachiocephalic Artery,
Left Common Carotid Artery, and the Left Subclavian Artery
Descending Aorta -Answermajor portion of the aorta that extends from the aortic arch to the trunk
of the body. It forms the thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta.
Coronary Arteries and the myocardium are perfused during -Answerdiastole
P- wave represents -Answeratrial depolarization
Q wave represents -Answerbeginning of ventricular depolarization
Inferior chest leads -AnswerII, III, aVF
RCA occlusion
Anterior chest leads -AnswerV3, V4
LAD occlusion
Septal chest leads -AnswerV1, V2
LAD occlusion
Lateral chest leads -AnswerI, aVL, V5,V6
Circumflex occlusion
T wave represents -Answerventricular repolarization
, Sympathetic nervous system releases -Answernorepinephrine ( causes pupil dilation, increased
sweating, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure)
Parasympathetic nervous system releases -Answeracetylcholine (decreases heart rate, decreases
blood pressure, pupils constrict, increases digestion and urinary output)
RCA supplies -AnswerRight atrium, right ventricle, SA/AV nodes, posterior portion of right bundle
branch
Occlusion causes AV blocks and bradycardias
Circumflex artery supplies -Answerside wall of the left ventricle and posterior portion of Left bundle
branch
LAD supplies -AnswerAnterior portion of heart, portion of the septum, left ventricle, left bundle
branch
Occlusion causes BBB's, Vtach, Vfib
Peripheral vascular resistance -Answera resistance to the flow of blood determined by the tone of
the vascular musculature and the diameter of the blood vessels.
It is responsible for blood pressure when coupled with stroke volume.
Cardiac output -AnswerStroke volume x heart rate
Preload -Answervolume returned to the heart. The force exerted on the walls of ventricle at the end
of diastole
Contractility -Answerforce of myocardial contraction
After load -Answerpump or resistance against which the ventricles must pump to open the semilunar
valves
normal stroke volume -Answer60-130 mL's each beat
4-6 L per minute
Questions and Answers updated 2026
Ascending Aorta -Answer-begins from the aortic valve and extends from the left ventricle of the
heart to the aortic arch.
-Supplies the Coronary Arteries
Aortic Arch -AnswerSupplies the Brachiocephalic Artery,
Left Common Carotid Artery, and the Left Subclavian Artery
Descending Aorta -Answermajor portion of the aorta that extends from the aortic arch to the trunk
of the body. It forms the thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta.
Coronary Arteries and the myocardium are perfused during -Answerdiastole
P- wave represents -Answeratrial depolarization
Q wave represents -Answerbeginning of ventricular depolarization
Inferior chest leads -AnswerII, III, aVF
RCA occlusion
Anterior chest leads -AnswerV3, V4
LAD occlusion
Septal chest leads -AnswerV1, V2
LAD occlusion
Lateral chest leads -AnswerI, aVL, V5,V6
Circumflex occlusion
T wave represents -Answerventricular repolarization
, Sympathetic nervous system releases -Answernorepinephrine ( causes pupil dilation, increased
sweating, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure)
Parasympathetic nervous system releases -Answeracetylcholine (decreases heart rate, decreases
blood pressure, pupils constrict, increases digestion and urinary output)
RCA supplies -AnswerRight atrium, right ventricle, SA/AV nodes, posterior portion of right bundle
branch
Occlusion causes AV blocks and bradycardias
Circumflex artery supplies -Answerside wall of the left ventricle and posterior portion of Left bundle
branch
LAD supplies -AnswerAnterior portion of heart, portion of the septum, left ventricle, left bundle
branch
Occlusion causes BBB's, Vtach, Vfib
Peripheral vascular resistance -Answera resistance to the flow of blood determined by the tone of
the vascular musculature and the diameter of the blood vessels.
It is responsible for blood pressure when coupled with stroke volume.
Cardiac output -AnswerStroke volume x heart rate
Preload -Answervolume returned to the heart. The force exerted on the walls of ventricle at the end
of diastole
Contractility -Answerforce of myocardial contraction
After load -Answerpump or resistance against which the ventricles must pump to open the semilunar
valves
normal stroke volume -Answer60-130 mL's each beat
4-6 L per minute
