IBSS 1530 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers65
Are protozoa prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - ANSWERS-eukaryotic
What are three classes of eukaryotes that can cause disease? - ANSWERS-protozoa, helminths,
and arthropods
Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide binding to which of the following could inhibit the fever
response?
A. C3a
B. IL-1
C. TNF-alpha
D. anterior horn cells
E. hypothalamus - ANSWERS-E
Which Which cytokines are released from macrophages and neutrophils in the presence of LPS?
- ANSWERS-IL-1, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-gamma
Which of the following bacterial cell components have antiphagocytic properties?
A. pili
B. peptidoglycan
C. spores
D. flagella - ANSWERS-A
,What are three antigphagocytic structures found on the outer surface of Bactria? - ANSWERS-
capsule, pili, and lipoteichoic acid
A specimen containing a human virus would be cultivated using
A. a defined medium
B. tissue culture
C. a differential medium
D. an enriched medium
E. a selective medium - ANSWERS-B
What is true of the presence of a nuclear membrane between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? -
ANSWERS-prokaryotes do not have one while eukaryotes do
What is true of the structure of DNA in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-prokaryotes
have a single circular chromosome while eukaryotes have multiple, linear chromosomes
What is an exception to the statement that eukaryotes have linear DNA? - ANSWERS-
mitochondria within eukaryotic cells contain multiple circular chromosomes
What form of division exists in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-prokaryotes divide by
binary fission while eukaryotes divide by mitosis
What structures form during prokaryotic binary fission that allows cells to divide? - ANSWERS-
septal ring structures
What is the ability of prokaryotes vs eukaryotes to have sex? - ANSWERS-prokaryotes cannot
have sex, while eukaryotes do in the form of meiosis
,Although prokaryotes cannot undergo sex, what other process do they have which is similar? -
ANSWERS-horizontal gene transfer
Why is it important to be able to distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-
knowing if a pathogen is prokaryotic or eukaryotic will be relevant when deciding which
antibiotics or other drugs to prescribe
Why do eukaryotic mitochondria have circular DNA? - ANSWERS-because the mitochondria
developed from bacteria and have a lot structurally in common with bacteria, including the
structure of the DNA
What are five examples of characteristics that can be used to distinguish between prokaryotes
and eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-the presence of a nuclear membrane, the structure of DNA, form
of cell division, membrane components, and ribosome structure
Between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which have sterols in their membranes? - ANSWERS-
eukaryotes have sterols, but the type of sterol can vary depending on the organism
What kind of sterol do humans have in their cell membrane? - ANSWERS-cholesterol
What does the "s" in the notation of ribosomes refer to? - ANSWERS-how they centrifuge
What kind of ribosomes/ribosome subunits do prokaryotes vs eukaryotes have? - ANSWERS-
prokaryotes: 70S (50S & 30S)
eukaryotes: 80S (40S and 60S)
Where does respiration occur in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-it occurs in the
membrane for prokaryotes and in the mitochondria in eukaryotes
, What kind of respiration are prokaryotes vs eukaryotes capable of? - ANSWERS-both are
capable of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
What is true of the presence and composition of cell walls in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? -
ANSWERS-prokaryotes have cell walls made of peptidoglycan while eukaryotes like plants and
fungi have a cell wall composed of polysaccharides
Why is peptidoglycan a good drug target? - ANSWERS-it is only found in bacteria and will not
harm the eukaryotic host
What is true of the presence of endospores in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-
prokaryotes have them while eukaryotes don't
What is true of the presence of cytoskeletons in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-it is
present in both
How does the cytoskeleton differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-eukaryotes
have cytoskeletons that are made of actin and tubulin, while prokaryotes have cytoskeletons
that are made of homologs of these molecules
Between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, what is true of the presence of sub cellular organelles? -
ANSWERS-prokaryotes do not have them while eukaryotes do
How do flagellar structures differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-
prokaryotes have smaller flagella in the form of a single repeating peptide. Eukaryotes have a
somewhat larger flagella that is composed of microtubules in a (9+2) orientation
What is true of the presence of gliding motility in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-it is
present in all prokaryotes, but is only seen in certain eukaryotes, including amoeboids and
pseudopodia
Answers65
Are protozoa prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - ANSWERS-eukaryotic
What are three classes of eukaryotes that can cause disease? - ANSWERS-protozoa, helminths,
and arthropods
Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide binding to which of the following could inhibit the fever
response?
A. C3a
B. IL-1
C. TNF-alpha
D. anterior horn cells
E. hypothalamus - ANSWERS-E
Which Which cytokines are released from macrophages and neutrophils in the presence of LPS?
- ANSWERS-IL-1, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-gamma
Which of the following bacterial cell components have antiphagocytic properties?
A. pili
B. peptidoglycan
C. spores
D. flagella - ANSWERS-A
,What are three antigphagocytic structures found on the outer surface of Bactria? - ANSWERS-
capsule, pili, and lipoteichoic acid
A specimen containing a human virus would be cultivated using
A. a defined medium
B. tissue culture
C. a differential medium
D. an enriched medium
E. a selective medium - ANSWERS-B
What is true of the presence of a nuclear membrane between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? -
ANSWERS-prokaryotes do not have one while eukaryotes do
What is true of the structure of DNA in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-prokaryotes
have a single circular chromosome while eukaryotes have multiple, linear chromosomes
What is an exception to the statement that eukaryotes have linear DNA? - ANSWERS-
mitochondria within eukaryotic cells contain multiple circular chromosomes
What form of division exists in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-prokaryotes divide by
binary fission while eukaryotes divide by mitosis
What structures form during prokaryotic binary fission that allows cells to divide? - ANSWERS-
septal ring structures
What is the ability of prokaryotes vs eukaryotes to have sex? - ANSWERS-prokaryotes cannot
have sex, while eukaryotes do in the form of meiosis
,Although prokaryotes cannot undergo sex, what other process do they have which is similar? -
ANSWERS-horizontal gene transfer
Why is it important to be able to distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-
knowing if a pathogen is prokaryotic or eukaryotic will be relevant when deciding which
antibiotics or other drugs to prescribe
Why do eukaryotic mitochondria have circular DNA? - ANSWERS-because the mitochondria
developed from bacteria and have a lot structurally in common with bacteria, including the
structure of the DNA
What are five examples of characteristics that can be used to distinguish between prokaryotes
and eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-the presence of a nuclear membrane, the structure of DNA, form
of cell division, membrane components, and ribosome structure
Between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which have sterols in their membranes? - ANSWERS-
eukaryotes have sterols, but the type of sterol can vary depending on the organism
What kind of sterol do humans have in their cell membrane? - ANSWERS-cholesterol
What does the "s" in the notation of ribosomes refer to? - ANSWERS-how they centrifuge
What kind of ribosomes/ribosome subunits do prokaryotes vs eukaryotes have? - ANSWERS-
prokaryotes: 70S (50S & 30S)
eukaryotes: 80S (40S and 60S)
Where does respiration occur in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-it occurs in the
membrane for prokaryotes and in the mitochondria in eukaryotes
, What kind of respiration are prokaryotes vs eukaryotes capable of? - ANSWERS-both are
capable of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
What is true of the presence and composition of cell walls in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? -
ANSWERS-prokaryotes have cell walls made of peptidoglycan while eukaryotes like plants and
fungi have a cell wall composed of polysaccharides
Why is peptidoglycan a good drug target? - ANSWERS-it is only found in bacteria and will not
harm the eukaryotic host
What is true of the presence of endospores in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-
prokaryotes have them while eukaryotes don't
What is true of the presence of cytoskeletons in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-it is
present in both
How does the cytoskeleton differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-eukaryotes
have cytoskeletons that are made of actin and tubulin, while prokaryotes have cytoskeletons
that are made of homologs of these molecules
Between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, what is true of the presence of sub cellular organelles? -
ANSWERS-prokaryotes do not have them while eukaryotes do
How do flagellar structures differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-
prokaryotes have smaller flagella in the form of a single repeating peptide. Eukaryotes have a
somewhat larger flagella that is composed of microtubules in a (9+2) orientation
What is true of the presence of gliding motility in prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? - ANSWERS-it is
present in all prokaryotes, but is only seen in certain eukaryotes, including amoeboids and
pseudopodia
