MGMT 6100 EXAM SCRIPT EXAMINATION
TEST FINAL PAPER 2026 GRADED A+
⫸ Which of the following is NOT a contingency approach to
leadership? Answer: Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory
⫸ Which theory proposes that leaders form different types of
relationships with their employees and, based on the quality of that
relationship, employees will often fall into in-groups or out-groups?
Answer: Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory
⫸ According to John P. Kotter in "What Leaders Really Do,"
management involves all the following except Answer: Setting
direction.
⫸ Leadership may be defined as: Answer: The act of influencing
others to work towards a goal.
⫸ The researchers studying behavioral approaches to leadership
hoped to identify behaviors that would universally predict leadership
in all circumstances. However, similar to the trait-based approaches to
leadership, the behavioral approaches fell out of favor because they
Answer: Neglected the environment in which the behaviors are
demonstrated.
,⫸ After scholars became disillusioned with the trait-based
approaches to leadership in the 1940s, they began to focus on
behavioral approaches to leadership by trying to determine the
behaviors of effective leaders. Through the work of researchers at
Ohio State University and the University of Michigan, two broad
categories of leadership behaviors were identified. These two
categories are: Answer: Task-oriented behaviors and people-oriented
behaviors.
⫸ A significant difference between Fiedler's Contingency Theory
and many of the other contingency leadership theories, including
Situational Leadership and House's Path-Goal Theory is that Answer:
Fiedler's Contingency Theory assumes that a leader's style is fixed
and does not change, while Situational Leadership and House's Path-
Goal Theory assumes a leader can vary their style depending on the
situation.
⫸ Both task-oriented behaviors and people-oriented behaviors have
important outcomes. Task-oriented behaviors seem to lead to greater
employee satisfaction while people-oriented behaviors are more
strongly related to leader effectiveness. Answer: False
⫸ Vroom and Yetton's Decision Model approach to leadership has
leaders answer seven key questions, working their way though a
decision tree based on their responses, to determine which of five
different leadership styles would be appropriate in the specific
situation. Answer: True
, ⫸ Which theory suggests that because leaders are not able to change
their style to adapt to the situation, either the situation should be
changed to match the leader, or the leader should be changed to match
the situation? Answer: Fiedler's Contingency Theory (LPC Theory of
Leadership)
⫸ One of the main differences between the Michigan Studies and the
Ohio State Studies was how they classified the two broad categories
of behaviors that they identified. Choose the response that best
describes this difference. Answer: The Michigan Studies identified
that Task-Oriented and People-Oriented behaviors were on different
ends of a single continuum, while the Ohio State Studies classified
these two behaviors as independent, each being on a separate
continuum.
⫸ Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey's Situational Leadership
Theory (SLT), a contingency approach to leadership, suggests that
Answer: The appropriate leadership style depends on the combination
of an individual's competence (skill) and commitment (employee
readiness or will).
⫸ According to The Leadership Challenge by Kouzes and Posner,
leadership can not be learned. You are born with it. "Either you have it
or you don't." Answer: False
⫸ Which position on the Managerial Grid is sometimes described as
the ideal style of management, where both task-oriented and people-
oriented behaviors are high? Answer: Team Management
TEST FINAL PAPER 2026 GRADED A+
⫸ Which of the following is NOT a contingency approach to
leadership? Answer: Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory
⫸ Which theory proposes that leaders form different types of
relationships with their employees and, based on the quality of that
relationship, employees will often fall into in-groups or out-groups?
Answer: Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory
⫸ According to John P. Kotter in "What Leaders Really Do,"
management involves all the following except Answer: Setting
direction.
⫸ Leadership may be defined as: Answer: The act of influencing
others to work towards a goal.
⫸ The researchers studying behavioral approaches to leadership
hoped to identify behaviors that would universally predict leadership
in all circumstances. However, similar to the trait-based approaches to
leadership, the behavioral approaches fell out of favor because they
Answer: Neglected the environment in which the behaviors are
demonstrated.
,⫸ After scholars became disillusioned with the trait-based
approaches to leadership in the 1940s, they began to focus on
behavioral approaches to leadership by trying to determine the
behaviors of effective leaders. Through the work of researchers at
Ohio State University and the University of Michigan, two broad
categories of leadership behaviors were identified. These two
categories are: Answer: Task-oriented behaviors and people-oriented
behaviors.
⫸ A significant difference between Fiedler's Contingency Theory
and many of the other contingency leadership theories, including
Situational Leadership and House's Path-Goal Theory is that Answer:
Fiedler's Contingency Theory assumes that a leader's style is fixed
and does not change, while Situational Leadership and House's Path-
Goal Theory assumes a leader can vary their style depending on the
situation.
⫸ Both task-oriented behaviors and people-oriented behaviors have
important outcomes. Task-oriented behaviors seem to lead to greater
employee satisfaction while people-oriented behaviors are more
strongly related to leader effectiveness. Answer: False
⫸ Vroom and Yetton's Decision Model approach to leadership has
leaders answer seven key questions, working their way though a
decision tree based on their responses, to determine which of five
different leadership styles would be appropriate in the specific
situation. Answer: True
, ⫸ Which theory suggests that because leaders are not able to change
their style to adapt to the situation, either the situation should be
changed to match the leader, or the leader should be changed to match
the situation? Answer: Fiedler's Contingency Theory (LPC Theory of
Leadership)
⫸ One of the main differences between the Michigan Studies and the
Ohio State Studies was how they classified the two broad categories
of behaviors that they identified. Choose the response that best
describes this difference. Answer: The Michigan Studies identified
that Task-Oriented and People-Oriented behaviors were on different
ends of a single continuum, while the Ohio State Studies classified
these two behaviors as independent, each being on a separate
continuum.
⫸ Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey's Situational Leadership
Theory (SLT), a contingency approach to leadership, suggests that
Answer: The appropriate leadership style depends on the combination
of an individual's competence (skill) and commitment (employee
readiness or will).
⫸ According to The Leadership Challenge by Kouzes and Posner,
leadership can not be learned. You are born with it. "Either you have it
or you don't." Answer: False
⫸ Which position on the Managerial Grid is sometimes described as
the ideal style of management, where both task-oriented and people-
oriented behaviors are high? Answer: Team Management
