NUR 452
NUR 452 Exam 2 Questions and Answers
Top Graded 2026
Investigates the distribution or patterns of health events in populations and
the determinants or the factors the influence those patterns.
Epidemiology
This type of epidemiology describes what, who, where, and when.
Descriptive epidemiology.
What is the overall effect of the disease?
What is the disease/issue?
Who is affected?
Where is the disease prevalent?
When are people getting the disease?
This type of epidemiology analyses how and why.
Analytic epidemiology
How are they getting it?
Why are they getting it?
A statistic used for describing an event, characteristic, or happening. Time
important or a proportion. Used to make comparisons among populations or
to compare a subgroup of the population with the total population.
Rate
Total population
Crude rate
Subgroup of the population
Specific rate
1|Page
,NUR 452
Illness rates usually expressed as incidence or prevalence.
Morbidity
The # of new cases of an illness or injury
Incidence
The measurement of all the existing cases at a given point in time, includes
incidence and all existing cases
Prevalence
Death
Mortality
What is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S.?
Smoking
Top 3 causes of death in U.S.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
Top 3 causes of death in infants.
1. Congenital anomalies
2. Short gestation
3. SIDS
Top 3 causes of death in children 1-4 years.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Congenital anomalies
3. Homicide
Top 3 causes of death in children 5-9 years.
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,NUR 452
1. Unintentional injury
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Congenital anomalies
Top 3 causes of death in children 10-14 years.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Suicide
Top 3 causes of death in teens and young adults.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
Top 5 causes of death in 25-44 years.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
4. Malignant neoplasms
5. Heart disease
Top 3 causes of death in 45-64 years.
1. Malignant neoplasms
2. Heart disease
3. Unintentional injury
Top 3 causes of death in 65 years+
1. Heart disease
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
Describe the nurse's role within epidemiology.
3|Page
, NUR 452
Nurses use surveillance and outbreak investigation.
For epidemiology data, nurses:
-Collect
-Report
-Analyze
-Interpret
-Communicate
Communicable disease:
-Identify
-Report
-Treat
-Follow-up
Ongoing systemic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of
specific health data. Monitor disease trends to decrease morbidity and
mortality and increase health.
Surveillance
Investigation of unusual increase in disease incidence or an unusual event. To
determine who else has been exposed to prevent larger outbreak.
-To control and prevent disease or death
-To ID factors that contribute to the outbreak of the disease or occurrence of
the event
-To implement measures to prevent occurrences
Outbreak investigation
What is the epidemiological triangle made up of?
1. Susceptible person or host
2. Environment
3. Causative agent
4|Page
NUR 452 Exam 2 Questions and Answers
Top Graded 2026
Investigates the distribution or patterns of health events in populations and
the determinants or the factors the influence those patterns.
Epidemiology
This type of epidemiology describes what, who, where, and when.
Descriptive epidemiology.
What is the overall effect of the disease?
What is the disease/issue?
Who is affected?
Where is the disease prevalent?
When are people getting the disease?
This type of epidemiology analyses how and why.
Analytic epidemiology
How are they getting it?
Why are they getting it?
A statistic used for describing an event, characteristic, or happening. Time
important or a proportion. Used to make comparisons among populations or
to compare a subgroup of the population with the total population.
Rate
Total population
Crude rate
Subgroup of the population
Specific rate
1|Page
,NUR 452
Illness rates usually expressed as incidence or prevalence.
Morbidity
The # of new cases of an illness or injury
Incidence
The measurement of all the existing cases at a given point in time, includes
incidence and all existing cases
Prevalence
Death
Mortality
What is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S.?
Smoking
Top 3 causes of death in U.S.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
Top 3 causes of death in infants.
1. Congenital anomalies
2. Short gestation
3. SIDS
Top 3 causes of death in children 1-4 years.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Congenital anomalies
3. Homicide
Top 3 causes of death in children 5-9 years.
2|Page
,NUR 452
1. Unintentional injury
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Congenital anomalies
Top 3 causes of death in children 10-14 years.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Suicide
Top 3 causes of death in teens and young adults.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
Top 5 causes of death in 25-44 years.
1. Unintentional injury
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
4. Malignant neoplasms
5. Heart disease
Top 3 causes of death in 45-64 years.
1. Malignant neoplasms
2. Heart disease
3. Unintentional injury
Top 3 causes of death in 65 years+
1. Heart disease
2. Malignant neoplasms
3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
Describe the nurse's role within epidemiology.
3|Page
, NUR 452
Nurses use surveillance and outbreak investigation.
For epidemiology data, nurses:
-Collect
-Report
-Analyze
-Interpret
-Communicate
Communicable disease:
-Identify
-Report
-Treat
-Follow-up
Ongoing systemic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of
specific health data. Monitor disease trends to decrease morbidity and
mortality and increase health.
Surveillance
Investigation of unusual increase in disease incidence or an unusual event. To
determine who else has been exposed to prevent larger outbreak.
-To control and prevent disease or death
-To ID factors that contribute to the outbreak of the disease or occurrence of
the event
-To implement measures to prevent occurrences
Outbreak investigation
What is the epidemiological triangle made up of?
1. Susceptible person or host
2. Environment
3. Causative agent
4|Page
