Genetics Vocabulary Questions and Answers (100% Correct Answers) Already Graded A+

Heredity [ Ans: ] the passing of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring Genetics [ Ans: ] the branch of Biology that focuses on heredity Gregor Mendel [ Ans: ] Father of Genetics Genes [ Ans: ] segments of DNA that code for a specific trait (characteristic); Example: Gene for height Allele [ Ans: ] Versions of a specific gene; Example: the Gene for Height may have 2 specific alleles, one for Tall and one for Short Genotype [ Ans: ] the set of alleles an individual has for a trait; represented by letters (usually the first letter of the dominant trait); Example: TT, Tt, tt Phenotype [ Ans: ] the physical appearance of a trait; Examples: Tall, short; Yellow, green Homozygous (Pure) [ Ans: ] the two alleles of a particular gene are the same; Example: TT or tt Heterozygous (Hybrid/Crossbreed) [ Ans: ] the two alleles of a particular gene are different; Example: Tt P generation [ Ans: ] Mendel's first (parental) generation; pure (true-breeding) pea plants; Example: Homozygous purple flower X Homozygous white flower F1 generation [ Ans: ] the offspring of the cross-breading P generation ; showed 100% dominant trait F2 generation [ Ans: ] the offspring of self-pollinating F1 generation; phenotypic ratio 3:1 (dominant:recessive) Monohybrid cross [ Ans: ] crossing two individuals but looking at the probabilities of one trait (Ex: height); Example: Crossing a tall pea plant with a short pea plant Dominant [ Ans: ] when a gene is 'heterozygous' (two different alleles occur together), the trait that is expressed is dominant Punnett square [ Ans: ] diagram that predicts the outcome of a genetic cross Recessive [ Ans: ] when a gene is 'heterozygous' (two different alleles occur together), the trait that is not expressed is recessive Complete dominance [ Ans: ] one allele is dominant over another allele; Example: Yellow is dominant over green Incomplete dominance [ Ans: ] neither allele in a gene is dominant; the traits mix; Example: Red and White produce Pink Codominance [ An