RD study guide Exam with Questions
and Correct Answers Latest 2025-2026
GRADED A+
Serum Albumin - CORRECT ANSWERS 3.5-5.0 g/dl
visceral protein
maintains colloidal osmotic pressure
hypoalbumiemia associated with edema, surgery
levels above range likely do to dehydration
long half-life, doesn't reflect current protein intake
Serum Transferrin - CORRECT ANSWERS >200 mg/dl
visceral protein that transports iron to bone marrow for production of
hemoglobin.
serum levels controlled by iron storage pool
levels rise with iron deficiency. transferrin synthesis
can be determined by TIBC= total iron binding capacity
TTHY
PAB - CORRECT ANSWERS Transthyretin, Prealbumin
16-40 mg/dl
Is considered best visceral protein to evaluate
short half-life; detects changes in protein status quickly
during inflammation. liver synthesizes CRP at expense of PAB
RBP - CORRECT ANSWERS Retinol-Binding Protein
3-6 mg/dl
circulates with prealbumin, shortest half-life (12 hrs)
binds and transports retinol
HCT - CORRECT ANSWERS Hematocrit
M: 42-52% F: 35-47% preg: 33%
measures iron levels
volume of packed cells in whole blood
Hgb - CORRECT ANSWERS Hemoglobin
M:14-17 gm/dl F: 12-15 gm/dl preg: <11
iron-containing pigment of red blood cells
erythrocytes are produced in bone marrow
Serum Ferritin - CORRECT ANSWERS M: 12-300 ng/ml F:10-150 ng/ml
,indicates size of iron storage pool
Serum Creatinine - CORRECT ANSWERS 0.6-1.4 mg/dl
related to muscle mass, measures somatic protein
may indicate renal disease, muscle wasting
(serum creatinine + BUN = kidney fx)
CHI - CORRECT ANSWERS Creatinine Height Index
80% normal
ratio of creatinine excreted/24 hours to height
estimates lean body mass-somatic protein
60-80% mild muscle depletion
BUN - CORRECT ANSWERS Blood Urea Nitrogen
10-20 mg/dl
related to protein intake
indicator of renal disease
BUN: creatinine ratio normal: 10-15:1
Urinary Creatinine Clearance - CORRECT ANSWERS 115 +_ 20 ml/minute
measures GFR- glomerular filtration, renal fx
estimate includes body surface area (ht and wt)
TLC - CORRECT ANSWERS Total Lymphocyte count
>2700 cells/cu mm
measures immunocompetency
moderate depletion 900-1800
severe depletion <900
decreased in protein-energy malnutrition
CRP - CORRECT ANSWERS C-reactive protein
marker of acute inflammatory stress
as it declines, indicates when nutritional therapy would be beneficial
when elevated CRP decreases, PAB increases
FEP - CORRECT ANSWERS Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin
direct measure of toxic effects of lead on heme synthesis. Increases in lead
poisoning. Lead depletes iron leading to anemia, and displaces calcium in the
bone leading to zinc deficiency
PT - CORRECT ANSWERS Prothrombin time
11.0-12.5 seconds; 85-100% of normal
anticoagulants prolong PT
evaluates clotting adequacy; change in vitamin K intake will alter rate
, True or False: Hair analysis is useful for nutritional assessment. - CORRECT
ANSWERS False
Hair analysis is not for nutritional assessment, but is useful in measuring intake
of toxic metals
megestrol acetate - CORRECT ANSWERS appetite stimulant
oral contraceptives - CORRECT ANSWERS decrease folate, B6, C
loop diuretics - CORRECT ANSWERS deplete thiamin, K, Mg, Ca, Na
thiazide diuretics - CORRECT ANSWERS decrease K and Mg, absorb Ca
methotrexate - CORRECT ANSWERS decrease folate
lithium carbonate - CORRECT ANSWERS antidepressant
increased appetite, weight gain; maintain consistent Na and caffeine intake to
stabilize levels.
warfarin - CORRECT ANSWERS anticoagulant
antagonizes vitamin K- consistent levels essential
propofol - CORRECT ANSWERS administered in oil = 1.1 cals/cc
isoniazid - CORRECT ANSWERS treats TB
do not take with food, interferes with vitamin D
cyclosporine - CORRECT ANSWERS immunosuppressant
hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, hypertension
Elavil - CORRECT ANSWERS antidepressant
sedative effect, weight gain
vitamin B6 and protein - CORRECT ANSWERS decreased effectiveness of
levodopa
take drug in morning with limited protein
tyramine - CORRECT ANSWERS hypertension if taken with MAOI (monoamine
oxidase inhibitor)
Incidence - CORRECT ANSWERS number of new cases of a disease over a
period of time
prevalence - CORRECT ANSWERS total number of people with a disease during
a period of time
and Correct Answers Latest 2025-2026
GRADED A+
Serum Albumin - CORRECT ANSWERS 3.5-5.0 g/dl
visceral protein
maintains colloidal osmotic pressure
hypoalbumiemia associated with edema, surgery
levels above range likely do to dehydration
long half-life, doesn't reflect current protein intake
Serum Transferrin - CORRECT ANSWERS >200 mg/dl
visceral protein that transports iron to bone marrow for production of
hemoglobin.
serum levels controlled by iron storage pool
levels rise with iron deficiency. transferrin synthesis
can be determined by TIBC= total iron binding capacity
TTHY
PAB - CORRECT ANSWERS Transthyretin, Prealbumin
16-40 mg/dl
Is considered best visceral protein to evaluate
short half-life; detects changes in protein status quickly
during inflammation. liver synthesizes CRP at expense of PAB
RBP - CORRECT ANSWERS Retinol-Binding Protein
3-6 mg/dl
circulates with prealbumin, shortest half-life (12 hrs)
binds and transports retinol
HCT - CORRECT ANSWERS Hematocrit
M: 42-52% F: 35-47% preg: 33%
measures iron levels
volume of packed cells in whole blood
Hgb - CORRECT ANSWERS Hemoglobin
M:14-17 gm/dl F: 12-15 gm/dl preg: <11
iron-containing pigment of red blood cells
erythrocytes are produced in bone marrow
Serum Ferritin - CORRECT ANSWERS M: 12-300 ng/ml F:10-150 ng/ml
,indicates size of iron storage pool
Serum Creatinine - CORRECT ANSWERS 0.6-1.4 mg/dl
related to muscle mass, measures somatic protein
may indicate renal disease, muscle wasting
(serum creatinine + BUN = kidney fx)
CHI - CORRECT ANSWERS Creatinine Height Index
80% normal
ratio of creatinine excreted/24 hours to height
estimates lean body mass-somatic protein
60-80% mild muscle depletion
BUN - CORRECT ANSWERS Blood Urea Nitrogen
10-20 mg/dl
related to protein intake
indicator of renal disease
BUN: creatinine ratio normal: 10-15:1
Urinary Creatinine Clearance - CORRECT ANSWERS 115 +_ 20 ml/minute
measures GFR- glomerular filtration, renal fx
estimate includes body surface area (ht and wt)
TLC - CORRECT ANSWERS Total Lymphocyte count
>2700 cells/cu mm
measures immunocompetency
moderate depletion 900-1800
severe depletion <900
decreased in protein-energy malnutrition
CRP - CORRECT ANSWERS C-reactive protein
marker of acute inflammatory stress
as it declines, indicates when nutritional therapy would be beneficial
when elevated CRP decreases, PAB increases
FEP - CORRECT ANSWERS Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin
direct measure of toxic effects of lead on heme synthesis. Increases in lead
poisoning. Lead depletes iron leading to anemia, and displaces calcium in the
bone leading to zinc deficiency
PT - CORRECT ANSWERS Prothrombin time
11.0-12.5 seconds; 85-100% of normal
anticoagulants prolong PT
evaluates clotting adequacy; change in vitamin K intake will alter rate
, True or False: Hair analysis is useful for nutritional assessment. - CORRECT
ANSWERS False
Hair analysis is not for nutritional assessment, but is useful in measuring intake
of toxic metals
megestrol acetate - CORRECT ANSWERS appetite stimulant
oral contraceptives - CORRECT ANSWERS decrease folate, B6, C
loop diuretics - CORRECT ANSWERS deplete thiamin, K, Mg, Ca, Na
thiazide diuretics - CORRECT ANSWERS decrease K and Mg, absorb Ca
methotrexate - CORRECT ANSWERS decrease folate
lithium carbonate - CORRECT ANSWERS antidepressant
increased appetite, weight gain; maintain consistent Na and caffeine intake to
stabilize levels.
warfarin - CORRECT ANSWERS anticoagulant
antagonizes vitamin K- consistent levels essential
propofol - CORRECT ANSWERS administered in oil = 1.1 cals/cc
isoniazid - CORRECT ANSWERS treats TB
do not take with food, interferes with vitamin D
cyclosporine - CORRECT ANSWERS immunosuppressant
hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, hypertension
Elavil - CORRECT ANSWERS antidepressant
sedative effect, weight gain
vitamin B6 and protein - CORRECT ANSWERS decreased effectiveness of
levodopa
take drug in morning with limited protein
tyramine - CORRECT ANSWERS hypertension if taken with MAOI (monoamine
oxidase inhibitor)
Incidence - CORRECT ANSWERS number of new cases of a disease over a
period of time
prevalence - CORRECT ANSWERS total number of people with a disease during
a period of time
