ISDS 3003 MIDTERM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. Data- Answer - numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world systems.
2. Data is collected and processed to aid in a variety of tasks, such as- Answer -
forecasting weather, analyzing financial investments, and tracking the global spread of pandemics.
3. What are the three ways data can vary?-
Answer - scope format
access
4. scope- Answer - The amount of data produced and collected can vary
Ex- Answer - A small business might track an inventory of a few thousand items, but a large commerce website might track
billions of items.
5. Format- Answer - Data may be produced as numbers, text, image, audio, or video.
Ex- Answer - A phone's proximity sensor generates raw numbers, and a satellite captures images.
6. Access- Answer - Some data sources are private while others are made publicly available
Ex- Answer - A retail company may use private customer data to discover purchasing behavior patterns, but a
government may be required by law to share certain data sets.
7. historically data was mostly- Answer - analog
(encoded as continuous variations on various physical media)
8. Today, data is mostly- Answer - digital
9. The shift from analog to digital data is facilitated by- Answer - the rise of large computer
databases.
,10. What is a database?- Answer - a collection of data in a structured format
The database structure ensures that similar data is stored in a standardized manner
11. What is a database system?
(also known as a database management system or DBMS)- Answer - software that reads and
writes data in a database. Database systems ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and available at all times.
12. What is a query?- Answer - a request to retrieve or change data in a database.
13. What is query language?- Answer - a specialized programming language, designed specifically for
database systems. Query languages read and write data eflciently, and ditter significantly from general-purpose
languages such as Python, Java, and C++.
,14. What is database application?- Answer - software that helps business users interact with database
systems.
programmers write applications to simplify the user experience and ensure data access is eflcient and secure
15. What is a database administrator responsible for?- Answer - securing the database
system against unauthorized users.
A database administrator enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.
16. What does a database designer do?- Answer - determines the format of each data element and
the overall database structure. Database designers must balance several priorities, including storage, response time,
and support for rules that govern the data. Since these priorities often conflict, database design is technically challenging.
17. What does a database programmer do?- Answer - develops computer programs that utilize a
database. Database programmers write applications that combine database query languages and general-purpose
programming languages. Query languages and general-purpose languages have significant ditterences, so database
programming is a specialized challenge
18. What does a database user do?- Answer - a consumer of data in a database
Database users request, update, or use stored data to generate reports or information. Database users usually access
the database via applications but can also submit queries directly to the database system.
19. Large, complex databases that are shared by many users have what 5 special
requirements- Answer -- Answer - Performance
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1. Data- Answer - numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world systems.
2. Data is collected and processed to aid in a variety of tasks, such as- Answer -
forecasting weather, analyzing financial investments, and tracking the global spread of pandemics.
3. What are the three ways data can vary?-
Answer - scope format
access
4. scope- Answer - The amount of data produced and collected can vary
Ex- Answer - A small business might track an inventory of a few thousand items, but a large commerce website might track
billions of items.
5. Format- Answer - Data may be produced as numbers, text, image, audio, or video.
Ex- Answer - A phone's proximity sensor generates raw numbers, and a satellite captures images.
6. Access- Answer - Some data sources are private while others are made publicly available
Ex- Answer - A retail company may use private customer data to discover purchasing behavior patterns, but a
government may be required by law to share certain data sets.
7. historically data was mostly- Answer - analog
(encoded as continuous variations on various physical media)
8. Today, data is mostly- Answer - digital
9. The shift from analog to digital data is facilitated by- Answer - the rise of large computer
databases.
,10. What is a database?- Answer - a collection of data in a structured format
The database structure ensures that similar data is stored in a standardized manner
11. What is a database system?
(also known as a database management system or DBMS)- Answer - software that reads and
writes data in a database. Database systems ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and available at all times.
12. What is a query?- Answer - a request to retrieve or change data in a database.
13. What is query language?- Answer - a specialized programming language, designed specifically for
database systems. Query languages read and write data eflciently, and ditter significantly from general-purpose
languages such as Python, Java, and C++.
,14. What is database application?- Answer - software that helps business users interact with database
systems.
programmers write applications to simplify the user experience and ensure data access is eflcient and secure
15. What is a database administrator responsible for?- Answer - securing the database
system against unauthorized users.
A database administrator enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.
16. What does a database designer do?- Answer - determines the format of each data element and
the overall database structure. Database designers must balance several priorities, including storage, response time,
and support for rules that govern the data. Since these priorities often conflict, database design is technically challenging.
17. What does a database programmer do?- Answer - develops computer programs that utilize a
database. Database programmers write applications that combine database query languages and general-purpose
programming languages. Query languages and general-purpose languages have significant ditterences, so database
programming is a specialized challenge
18. What does a database user do?- Answer - a consumer of data in a database
Database users request, update, or use stored data to generate reports or information. Database users usually access
the database via applications but can also submit queries directly to the database system.
19. Large, complex databases that are shared by many users have what 5 special
requirements- Answer -- Answer - Performance
A
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r
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