PSYCH 401 Quiz 1 | Questions & Answers
with Complete Solution | Psychology Study
Guide
Question 1: Which lobe of the brain is most directly involved in processing visual information?
A) Frontal
B) Parietal
C) Temporal
D) Occipital
Correct Answer: D) Occipital
Explanation: The occipital lobe contains the primary visual cortex (V1); lesions here produce
cortical blindness, making it the critical area for visual processing.
Question 2: Which neurotransmitter is most associated with reward and addiction pathways?
A) GABA
B) Glutamate
C) Dopamine
D) Serotonin
,Correct Answer: C) Dopamine
Explanation: Dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens
form the mesolimbic “reward” pathway; addictive drugs universally increase dopamine signaling.
Question 3: Which structure is part of the limbic system and critical for fear conditioning?
A) Hippocampus
B) Amygdala
C) Thalamus
D) Cerebellum
Correct Answer: B) Amygdala
Explanation: The amygdala detects threat-related stimuli and mediates the acquisition and
expression of conditioned fear; hippocampus supports context, not the primary fear response.
Question 4: Which type of glial cell produces myelin in the central nervous system?
A) Astrocytes
B) Oligodendrocytes
C) Microglia
D) Schwann cells
Correct Answer: B) Oligodendrocytes
, Explanation: Oligodendrocytes wrap multiple layers of membrane around axons, forming myelin;
Schwann cells perform the same function but only in the peripheral nervous system.
Question 5: Which ion’s influx is responsible for the rising phase of the action potential?
A) K⁺
B) Na⁺
C) Ca²⁺
D) Cl⁻
Correct Answer: B) Na⁺
Explanation: Voltage-gated Na⁺ channels open, allowing Na⁺ to rush in and depolarize the
membrane; K⁺ efflux repolarizes the cell.
Question 6: Which experimental design controls for both experimenter bias and participant
expectations?
A) Within-subjects
B) Between-subjects
C) Double-blind, placebo-controlled
D) Correlational
Correct Answer: C) Double-blind, placebo-controlled
Explanation: Neither participants nor experimenters know who receives the active treatment,
eliminating demand characteristics and experimenter expectancy effects.
with Complete Solution | Psychology Study
Guide
Question 1: Which lobe of the brain is most directly involved in processing visual information?
A) Frontal
B) Parietal
C) Temporal
D) Occipital
Correct Answer: D) Occipital
Explanation: The occipital lobe contains the primary visual cortex (V1); lesions here produce
cortical blindness, making it the critical area for visual processing.
Question 2: Which neurotransmitter is most associated with reward and addiction pathways?
A) GABA
B) Glutamate
C) Dopamine
D) Serotonin
,Correct Answer: C) Dopamine
Explanation: Dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens
form the mesolimbic “reward” pathway; addictive drugs universally increase dopamine signaling.
Question 3: Which structure is part of the limbic system and critical for fear conditioning?
A) Hippocampus
B) Amygdala
C) Thalamus
D) Cerebellum
Correct Answer: B) Amygdala
Explanation: The amygdala detects threat-related stimuli and mediates the acquisition and
expression of conditioned fear; hippocampus supports context, not the primary fear response.
Question 4: Which type of glial cell produces myelin in the central nervous system?
A) Astrocytes
B) Oligodendrocytes
C) Microglia
D) Schwann cells
Correct Answer: B) Oligodendrocytes
, Explanation: Oligodendrocytes wrap multiple layers of membrane around axons, forming myelin;
Schwann cells perform the same function but only in the peripheral nervous system.
Question 5: Which ion’s influx is responsible for the rising phase of the action potential?
A) K⁺
B) Na⁺
C) Ca²⁺
D) Cl⁻
Correct Answer: B) Na⁺
Explanation: Voltage-gated Na⁺ channels open, allowing Na⁺ to rush in and depolarize the
membrane; K⁺ efflux repolarizes the cell.
Question 6: Which experimental design controls for both experimenter bias and participant
expectations?
A) Within-subjects
B) Between-subjects
C) Double-blind, placebo-controlled
D) Correlational
Correct Answer: C) Double-blind, placebo-controlled
Explanation: Neither participants nor experimenters know who receives the active treatment,
eliminating demand characteristics and experimenter expectancy effects.
