Patho MN 551 Unit 5 questions with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
answers
A 34-year-old male patient has diagnoses of liver failure,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy secondary to alcohol
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
abuse. The patient's family is questioning the care team
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
about why his abdomen is so large even though he is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
undernourished and emaciated. Which of the following |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
statements most accurately underlies the explanation |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
that a member of the care team would provide to the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
family? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An inordinate amount of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
interstitial fluid is accumulating in the patient's abdomen.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
The transcellular component of the intracellular fluid
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
compartment contains far more fluid than normal. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
*********** The normally small transcellular fluid |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Gravity-dependent plasma is accumulating in the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
patient's peritoneal cavity. |\ |\
A 31-year-old patient with a diagnosis of end-stage liver
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
failure has been admitted to the intensive care unit of a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hospital. Arterial blood gas sampling indicates that the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
man has an acid-base imbalance. Which of the following
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
situations is most likely to result in an inappropriate pH? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Renal excretion of HCO3- in the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
presence of excess base |\ |\ |\
|\
Transcompartmental exchange of H+ and potassium ions |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Low albumin and plasma globulin levels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Conservation or formation of new HCO3- by the kidneys |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
A 4-year-old boy who has been deaf since birth and has
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bilateral cataracts has been brought to the emergency
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
department by his mother because she noticed blood in |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the toilet after he last voided. Urinalysis confirms heavy
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
microscopic hematuria as well as proteinuria. What will|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the care team's initial differential diagnosis most likely
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
be? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Immunoglobulin A
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nephropathy
|\
Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis |\ |\
|\
Systemic lupus erythematosus glomerulonephritis
|\ |\ |\
|\
Alport syndrome |\
An 87-year-old male resident of an assisted living facility
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
has been consistently continent of urine until the last
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
several weeks. Which of the following actions by the care
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
providers at the facility is the most likely priority? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Showing the resident the correct
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
technique for exercises to improve bladder, sphincter,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and pelvic floor tone
|\ |\ |\
|\
Teaching the resident about protective pads, collection
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
devices, and medications that may be effective
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Providing patient education focusing on the fact that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
occasional incontinence is a normal, age-related change|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
****8Performing a physical examination and history to |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
determine the exact cause and character of the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
incontinence
An 82-year-old resident of a long-term care facility with a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
recent history of repeated urinary tract infections and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
restlessness is suspected of having urinary retention. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which of the following actions by the care team is most
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
appropriate? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Urinalysis focusing |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
on the presence or absence of microorganisms, blood, or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
white cells in the man's urine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Renal ultrasound aimed at identifying acute or chronic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
kidney disease |\
|\
Ultrasound bladder scanning to determine the residual |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
volume of urine after voiding |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
answers
A 34-year-old male patient has diagnoses of liver failure,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy secondary to alcohol
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
abuse. The patient's family is questioning the care team
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
about why his abdomen is so large even though he is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
undernourished and emaciated. Which of the following |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
statements most accurately underlies the explanation |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
that a member of the care team would provide to the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
family? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An inordinate amount of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
interstitial fluid is accumulating in the patient's abdomen.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
The transcellular component of the intracellular fluid
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
compartment contains far more fluid than normal. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
*********** The normally small transcellular fluid |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Gravity-dependent plasma is accumulating in the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
patient's peritoneal cavity. |\ |\
A 31-year-old patient with a diagnosis of end-stage liver
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
failure has been admitted to the intensive care unit of a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hospital. Arterial blood gas sampling indicates that the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
man has an acid-base imbalance. Which of the following
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
situations is most likely to result in an inappropriate pH? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Renal excretion of HCO3- in the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
presence of excess base |\ |\ |\
|\
Transcompartmental exchange of H+ and potassium ions |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Low albumin and plasma globulin levels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Conservation or formation of new HCO3- by the kidneys |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
A 4-year-old boy who has been deaf since birth and has
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
bilateral cataracts has been brought to the emergency
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
department by his mother because she noticed blood in |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the toilet after he last voided. Urinalysis confirms heavy
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
microscopic hematuria as well as proteinuria. What will|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
the care team's initial differential diagnosis most likely
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
be? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Immunoglobulin A
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
nephropathy
|\
Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis |\ |\
|\
Systemic lupus erythematosus glomerulonephritis
|\ |\ |\
|\
Alport syndrome |\
An 87-year-old male resident of an assisted living facility
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
has been consistently continent of urine until the last
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
several weeks. Which of the following actions by the care
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
providers at the facility is the most likely priority? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
, CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Showing the resident the correct
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
technique for exercises to improve bladder, sphincter,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
and pelvic floor tone
|\ |\ |\
|\
Teaching the resident about protective pads, collection
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
devices, and medications that may be effective
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Providing patient education focusing on the fact that
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
occasional incontinence is a normal, age-related change|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
****8Performing a physical examination and history to |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
determine the exact cause and character of the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
incontinence
An 82-year-old resident of a long-term care facility with a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
recent history of repeated urinary tract infections and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
restlessness is suspected of having urinary retention. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which of the following actions by the care team is most
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
appropriate? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Urinalysis focusing |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
on the presence or absence of microorganisms, blood, or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
white cells in the man's urine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
Renal ultrasound aimed at identifying acute or chronic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
kidney disease |\
|\
Ultrasound bladder scanning to determine the residual |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
volume of urine after voiding |\ |\ |\ |\
|\
