CRJS 370 - Athabasca Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
Bifurcated - Answers divided into two branches; forked
Child Savers - Answers Nineteenth-century reformers who developed programs for troubled
youth and influenced legislation creating the juvenile justice system; today some critics view
them as being more concerned with control of the poor than with their welfare.
Crime Control Model of Criminal Justice - Answers An orientation to criminal justice in which
the protection of the community and the apprehension of offenders are paramount
Cycle of Juvenile Justice - Answers refers to the tendency toward a never-ending cycle of
juvenile justice reform common in western society
decontextualized - Answers not relying on the immediate context, or setting, to convey content
Demographics - Answers the characteristics of a population with respect to age, race, and
gender.
denied adulthood - Answers Refers to the notion that youth, because of their legal dependency
in Western society, are prevented from attaining the things that many adults take for granted,
such as the right to make decisions about their own lives and the right to express their views
Limited accountability justice model - Answers
Moral Panic - Answers The reaction by a group of people based on exaggerated or false
perceptions about crime and criminal behavior
official crime - Answers offender and offence data based on information collected for
administrative purposes by justice agencies, such as the police, courts, and correctional
institutions
parens patriae - Answers power of the state to act on behalf of the child and provide care and
protection equivalent to that of a parent
Penal Populism - Answers Corrections policies that are formulated in pursuit of political
objectives, often in the absence of an informed public or in spite of public opinion
politics of youth crime - Answers The mechanisms and methods whereby youth activities are
socially constructed as criminal; the meanings and imagery attached to these definitions and
the types of responses they generate
Problematize - Answers a process whereby something, someone, or some group is defined as a
problem
reformatory - Answers correctional institution for the detention and discipline and training of
young or first offenders
, Reintegration - Answers A goal of corrections that focuses on preparing the offender for a
return to the community unmarred by further criminal behavior.
Status offences - Answers actions prohibited only to minors.
acts that are considered illegal if committed by a person who has not attained adult status
Principles of Rehabilitation - Answers avoid aggravation, timing, compliance, individualism,
specific sequencing, intensity, total patient
welfare based juvenile justice system - Answers a model of juvenile justice based on a
rehabilitative philosophy
youth crime - Answers Crime committed by 10-17 year olds
youth justice system - Answers the part of the justice system that deals with young people
adolescence-limited - Answers onset or acceleration of delinquency after age 13 that does not
persist into adulthood
androgynous - Answers having both male and female characteristics
Anomie - Answers a sense of aimlessness or despair that arises when we can no longer
reasonably expect life to be predictable; too little social regulation; normlessness
antisocial personality - Answers a personality disorder characterized by irresponsibility, shallow
emotions, and lack of conscience
Care Ethics - Answers The theory that attitudes like caring and sensitivity to context is an
important aspect of the moral life
chivalry hypothesis - Answers The view that low female crime and delinquency rates are a
reflection of the leniency with which police treat female offenders.
Classical School of Criminology - Answers A set of criminological theories that uses the idea of
free will to explain criminal behavior.
Consensus theory - Answers holds that individuals in a society agree on basic values, on what is
inherently right and wrong and that laws express these values
concept - Answers a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people
control theory - Answers A view of conformity and deviance that suggests that our connection
to members of society leads us to systematically conform to society's norms.
theory that compliance with social norms requires strong bonds between individuals and
Bifurcated - Answers divided into two branches; forked
Child Savers - Answers Nineteenth-century reformers who developed programs for troubled
youth and influenced legislation creating the juvenile justice system; today some critics view
them as being more concerned with control of the poor than with their welfare.
Crime Control Model of Criminal Justice - Answers An orientation to criminal justice in which
the protection of the community and the apprehension of offenders are paramount
Cycle of Juvenile Justice - Answers refers to the tendency toward a never-ending cycle of
juvenile justice reform common in western society
decontextualized - Answers not relying on the immediate context, or setting, to convey content
Demographics - Answers the characteristics of a population with respect to age, race, and
gender.
denied adulthood - Answers Refers to the notion that youth, because of their legal dependency
in Western society, are prevented from attaining the things that many adults take for granted,
such as the right to make decisions about their own lives and the right to express their views
Limited accountability justice model - Answers
Moral Panic - Answers The reaction by a group of people based on exaggerated or false
perceptions about crime and criminal behavior
official crime - Answers offender and offence data based on information collected for
administrative purposes by justice agencies, such as the police, courts, and correctional
institutions
parens patriae - Answers power of the state to act on behalf of the child and provide care and
protection equivalent to that of a parent
Penal Populism - Answers Corrections policies that are formulated in pursuit of political
objectives, often in the absence of an informed public or in spite of public opinion
politics of youth crime - Answers The mechanisms and methods whereby youth activities are
socially constructed as criminal; the meanings and imagery attached to these definitions and
the types of responses they generate
Problematize - Answers a process whereby something, someone, or some group is defined as a
problem
reformatory - Answers correctional institution for the detention and discipline and training of
young or first offenders
, Reintegration - Answers A goal of corrections that focuses on preparing the offender for a
return to the community unmarred by further criminal behavior.
Status offences - Answers actions prohibited only to minors.
acts that are considered illegal if committed by a person who has not attained adult status
Principles of Rehabilitation - Answers avoid aggravation, timing, compliance, individualism,
specific sequencing, intensity, total patient
welfare based juvenile justice system - Answers a model of juvenile justice based on a
rehabilitative philosophy
youth crime - Answers Crime committed by 10-17 year olds
youth justice system - Answers the part of the justice system that deals with young people
adolescence-limited - Answers onset or acceleration of delinquency after age 13 that does not
persist into adulthood
androgynous - Answers having both male and female characteristics
Anomie - Answers a sense of aimlessness or despair that arises when we can no longer
reasonably expect life to be predictable; too little social regulation; normlessness
antisocial personality - Answers a personality disorder characterized by irresponsibility, shallow
emotions, and lack of conscience
Care Ethics - Answers The theory that attitudes like caring and sensitivity to context is an
important aspect of the moral life
chivalry hypothesis - Answers The view that low female crime and delinquency rates are a
reflection of the leniency with which police treat female offenders.
Classical School of Criminology - Answers A set of criminological theories that uses the idea of
free will to explain criminal behavior.
Consensus theory - Answers holds that individuals in a society agree on basic values, on what is
inherently right and wrong and that laws express these values
concept - Answers a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people
control theory - Answers A view of conformity and deviance that suggests that our connection
to members of society leads us to systematically conform to society's norms.
theory that compliance with social norms requires strong bonds between individuals and
