MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2025/2026.

MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
VERIFIED 2025/2026.




What are microbes also called? - ANS Microorganisms



What does pathogenic mean? - ANS something causes disease



What is nomenclature? - ANS Naming of organisms.



Who is the scientist that invented scientific nomenclature? - ANS Carolus Linnaeus.



How do you know something is written in binomial nomenclature? - ANS The words are
italicized and the first one (genus) is capitalized.



What is the specific epithet? - ANS Species name.



What is the genus in Escherichia Coli? - ANS Escherichia



What is a prokaryote? - ANS A species with no nucleus but instead a nucleoid center.


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, What is a eukaryote? - ANS A species that has a nucleus.



How is the genus written in binomial nomenclature? - ANS Italicized and capitalized



How is the species written in binomial nomenclature? - ANS Italicized and not capitalized.



What does bacillus mean? - ANS Rod like



What does coccus mean? - ANS Spherical or ovoid



What does spiral mean? - ANS Corkscrew or curved.



What protects bacteria from the outside world? - ANS Cell wall.



What does bacteria cell walls contain? - ANS Peptidoglycan



What does fungi cell walls contain? - ANS chitin



What does plant cell wall contain? - ANS cellulose



How do bacteria normally reproduce? - ANS Asexually by binary fission.



How are bacteria classified? - ANS By their shape.



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