Legal Studies VCE Unit 3/4 Exam
Revision Questions and Answers Graded
A+
Law Makers - Correct answer-Parliament and Courts
Criminal Law - Correct answer-an area of law that protects the community by
establishing and defining what crimes are. It also sets down sanctions for people
who commit them.
Civil Law - Correct answer-a body of law that sets out the rights and
responsibilities of individuals, groups and organisations. It also regulates private
disputes when these rights have been infringed.
Principles of Justice - Correct answer-Fairness, Equality and Access
Factors Affecting Achievement of Justice - Correct answer-Cost, Time and Culture
Summary Offenses - Correct answer-- Relatively minor
- Always in Magistrates
- Heard by Magistrate
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,- Summary Hearing
- Doesn't go under committal hearing
- Not heard in front of jury
Indictable Offences - Correct answer-- Serious
- Mainly but not exclusively in Supreme and County
- Presided over by a judge
- Heard by a jury of 12
- Must undergo a committal hearing if not being trialed summarily
Burden of Proof (Criminal) - Correct answer-- Prosecution has the burden of proof
- Responsibility of proving the case against the other party, in this case the accused
- This must be proved beyond reasonable doubt
- Is flipped when the accused pleads a defence, or in special cases such as speeding
fines, etc.
Standard of Proof (Criminal) - Correct answer-- Refers to the threshold or level of
proof required to prove a case
- This is beyond reasonable doubt
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,- Based on the evidence of the case which is tested by both parties during a trial
and for the jury to then decide the case on
Presumption of Innocence - Correct answer-- Fundamental principle of the legal
system
- Relates to criminal cases
- Key principle of the rule of law
- It is a common law right
- Features that uphold the POI:
Right to silence
Police can only arrest if they have a reasonable belief that someone has committed
a crime
Committal Proceeding
Propensity evidence cannot be brought forward
Right to appeal a decision
Rights of the Accussed - Correct answer-- Right to be tried without unreasonable
delay
- Right to a fair hearing
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, - Right to trial by jury
Found in S.80 of Constitution, Bill of Rights and Common Law
Rights of Victims - Correct answer-- Right to give evidence as a vulnerable witness
- Right to protections
- Right to be informed of the likely release date of the accussed
- Right to be informed about the proceeding
Alternative Arrangements - Correct answer-- Only for sexual, family violence and
sexual exposure in public place offences. As well as obscene, indecent, threatening
language or behaviour in public place.
- The witness may give evidence from a place other than the courtroom by means
of CCTV
- Screens may be used to remove the accused from direct line of vision of the
witness
- A support person may be chosen by the witness to be there while giving evidence
- Only certain persons may be allowed in court when the witness is giving
evidence
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
Revision Questions and Answers Graded
A+
Law Makers - Correct answer-Parliament and Courts
Criminal Law - Correct answer-an area of law that protects the community by
establishing and defining what crimes are. It also sets down sanctions for people
who commit them.
Civil Law - Correct answer-a body of law that sets out the rights and
responsibilities of individuals, groups and organisations. It also regulates private
disputes when these rights have been infringed.
Principles of Justice - Correct answer-Fairness, Equality and Access
Factors Affecting Achievement of Justice - Correct answer-Cost, Time and Culture
Summary Offenses - Correct answer-- Relatively minor
- Always in Magistrates
- Heard by Magistrate
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,- Summary Hearing
- Doesn't go under committal hearing
- Not heard in front of jury
Indictable Offences - Correct answer-- Serious
- Mainly but not exclusively in Supreme and County
- Presided over by a judge
- Heard by a jury of 12
- Must undergo a committal hearing if not being trialed summarily
Burden of Proof (Criminal) - Correct answer-- Prosecution has the burden of proof
- Responsibility of proving the case against the other party, in this case the accused
- This must be proved beyond reasonable doubt
- Is flipped when the accused pleads a defence, or in special cases such as speeding
fines, etc.
Standard of Proof (Criminal) - Correct answer-- Refers to the threshold or level of
proof required to prove a case
- This is beyond reasonable doubt
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,- Based on the evidence of the case which is tested by both parties during a trial
and for the jury to then decide the case on
Presumption of Innocence - Correct answer-- Fundamental principle of the legal
system
- Relates to criminal cases
- Key principle of the rule of law
- It is a common law right
- Features that uphold the POI:
Right to silence
Police can only arrest if they have a reasonable belief that someone has committed
a crime
Committal Proceeding
Propensity evidence cannot be brought forward
Right to appeal a decision
Rights of the Accussed - Correct answer-- Right to be tried without unreasonable
delay
- Right to a fair hearing
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, - Right to trial by jury
Found in S.80 of Constitution, Bill of Rights and Common Law
Rights of Victims - Correct answer-- Right to give evidence as a vulnerable witness
- Right to protections
- Right to be informed of the likely release date of the accussed
- Right to be informed about the proceeding
Alternative Arrangements - Correct answer-- Only for sexual, family violence and
sexual exposure in public place offences. As well as obscene, indecent, threatening
language or behaviour in public place.
- The witness may give evidence from a place other than the courtroom by means
of CCTV
- Screens may be used to remove the accused from direct line of vision of the
witness
- A support person may be chosen by the witness to be there while giving evidence
- Only certain persons may be allowed in court when the witness is giving
evidence
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
