,
,
, Chapter 01: Intake: Gastrointestinal Digestion, Absorption, and Excretion of Nutrients
Raymond: Krause and Mahan’s Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 16th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin when it comes in contact with
a. enterokinase.
b. trypsinogen.
c. hydrochloric acid.
d. peptidases.
ANS: C
Pepsinogen is secreted in the stomach and converted to its active form by the acid
environment of the stomach. Enterokinase is secreted by the brush border of the small
intestine in response to the presence of chyme. Trypsinogen is secreted by the pancreas and
activated by enterokinase. Various peptidases are secreted by the either brush border or the
pancreas.
2. Which of the following is formed by bacterial synthesis in the colon?
a. Vitamin K
b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin B6
d. Niacin
ANS: A
Colonic bacteria produce vitamin K, vitamin B12, thiamin, and riboflavin. Vitamin D may be
metabolized by exposure of precursor vitamin D in the skin to ultraviolet light. The human
body can synthesize niacin from the amino acid tryptophan. Vitamin B 6 must be obtained
from dietary sources such as meats, whole grains, vegetables, and nuts.
3. After surgical removal of a large portion of the small intestine, what functional complication
is most likely to develop?
a. Changes in dietary habits
b. Impaired digestion
c. Loss of absorptive tissue
d. Elimination of dietary residue
ANS: C
The small intestine is the primary site of nutrient absorption because of its large absorption
surface area. Secretions from the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas can still contribute to
digestion of intestinal contents. However, decreased absorption of nutrients and food
components may result in more intestinal remains and residue. A patient may change dietary
habits as a result of gastrointestinal discomfort experienced after intestinal resection, but this
is not a functional complication.
4. The sight or smell of food produces vagal stimulation of the parietal cells of the gastric
mucosa, resulting in the increased production of what?
a. Motilin
b. Gastrin
c. Cholecystokinin
,
, Chapter 01: Intake: Gastrointestinal Digestion, Absorption, and Excretion of Nutrients
Raymond: Krause and Mahan’s Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 16th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin when it comes in contact with
a. enterokinase.
b. trypsinogen.
c. hydrochloric acid.
d. peptidases.
ANS: C
Pepsinogen is secreted in the stomach and converted to its active form by the acid
environment of the stomach. Enterokinase is secreted by the brush border of the small
intestine in response to the presence of chyme. Trypsinogen is secreted by the pancreas and
activated by enterokinase. Various peptidases are secreted by the either brush border or the
pancreas.
2. Which of the following is formed by bacterial synthesis in the colon?
a. Vitamin K
b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin B6
d. Niacin
ANS: A
Colonic bacteria produce vitamin K, vitamin B12, thiamin, and riboflavin. Vitamin D may be
metabolized by exposure of precursor vitamin D in the skin to ultraviolet light. The human
body can synthesize niacin from the amino acid tryptophan. Vitamin B 6 must be obtained
from dietary sources such as meats, whole grains, vegetables, and nuts.
3. After surgical removal of a large portion of the small intestine, what functional complication
is most likely to develop?
a. Changes in dietary habits
b. Impaired digestion
c. Loss of absorptive tissue
d. Elimination of dietary residue
ANS: C
The small intestine is the primary site of nutrient absorption because of its large absorption
surface area. Secretions from the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas can still contribute to
digestion of intestinal contents. However, decreased absorption of nutrients and food
components may result in more intestinal remains and residue. A patient may change dietary
habits as a result of gastrointestinal discomfort experienced after intestinal resection, but this
is not a functional complication.
4. The sight or smell of food produces vagal stimulation of the parietal cells of the gastric
mucosa, resulting in the increased production of what?
a. Motilin
b. Gastrin
c. Cholecystokinin
