CS 151 - MODULE 1 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2025/2026.
What is programming? - ANS Developing software (programs) — writing instructions that tell
a computer what to do. In this course, we use Java to solve problems.
Define software. - ANS A collection of instructions (programs) that tell a computer what to
do.
Name the major hardware components of a computer. - ANS CPU, Memory (RAM), Storage
devices, Input devices, Output devices, Communication devices.
What are the two main components of the CPU? - ANS The Control Unit and the
Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU).
What does CPU clock speed measure and in what units? - ANS Number of electronic pulses
per second; measured in Hertz (Hz). Modern speeds are commonly in gigahertz (GHz).
Define bit and byte. - ANS Bit: a binary digit (0 or 1). Byte: a group of 8 bits.
What is an encoding scheme? Give an example. - ANS Rules for translating
characters/numbers into bits (0s and 1s). Example: ASCII, where 'C' is 01000011.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What is RAM (main memory)? - ANS Random Access Memory: volatile storage directly
connected to the CPU. Programs/data must be loaded here to run; contents lost when power
off.
What is a memory address? - ANS A unique identifier for each byte in main memory used to
locate stored data or instructions.
Why is main memory considered volatile? - ANS Because its contents are lost when the
computer's power is turned off.
Name common storage devices. - ANS Hard disk drives, CD/DVD drives, USB flash drives
(persistent storage).
Give examples of input devices. - ANS Keyboard, mouse.
Give examples of output devices. - ANS Monitor (screen), printer.
Give examples of communication devices. - ANS Dial-up modem, DSL, cable modem, NIC
(network card), wireless adapters.
What is machine language? - ANS The low-level language of a computer expressed in binary
(0s and 1s).
What is assembly language? - ANS A low-level language using mnemonic instructions; an
assembler translates it into machine code.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
AND ANSWERS. VERIFIED 2025/2026.
What is programming? - ANS Developing software (programs) — writing instructions that tell
a computer what to do. In this course, we use Java to solve problems.
Define software. - ANS A collection of instructions (programs) that tell a computer what to
do.
Name the major hardware components of a computer. - ANS CPU, Memory (RAM), Storage
devices, Input devices, Output devices, Communication devices.
What are the two main components of the CPU? - ANS The Control Unit and the
Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU).
What does CPU clock speed measure and in what units? - ANS Number of electronic pulses
per second; measured in Hertz (Hz). Modern speeds are commonly in gigahertz (GHz).
Define bit and byte. - ANS Bit: a binary digit (0 or 1). Byte: a group of 8 bits.
What is an encoding scheme? Give an example. - ANS Rules for translating
characters/numbers into bits (0s and 1s). Example: ASCII, where 'C' is 01000011.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What is RAM (main memory)? - ANS Random Access Memory: volatile storage directly
connected to the CPU. Programs/data must be loaded here to run; contents lost when power
off.
What is a memory address? - ANS A unique identifier for each byte in main memory used to
locate stored data or instructions.
Why is main memory considered volatile? - ANS Because its contents are lost when the
computer's power is turned off.
Name common storage devices. - ANS Hard disk drives, CD/DVD drives, USB flash drives
(persistent storage).
Give examples of input devices. - ANS Keyboard, mouse.
Give examples of output devices. - ANS Monitor (screen), printer.
Give examples of communication devices. - ANS Dial-up modem, DSL, cable modem, NIC
(network card), wireless adapters.
What is machine language? - ANS The low-level language of a computer expressed in binary
(0s and 1s).
What is assembly language? - ANS A low-level language using mnemonic instructions; an
assembler translates it into machine code.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
