Solutions
____ are protein molecules released by host cells that inhibit the
spread of viral infections. Correct Answers interferons
______ is the process in which pathogens are coated with
antimicrobial proteins to increase the likelihood of phagocytosis.
Correct Answers opsonization
_______ is the most common and longest-lasting class of
antibody in the blood. Correct Answers IgG
_________ is the main inflammatory mediator released by mast
cells. Correct Answers histamine
A virus with few antigens on its surface should be bound
_______ by antibodies specific to that antigen as compared to a
virus with many antigens. Correct Answers less tightly
At what stage of phagocytosis does the movie end at? Correct
Answers maturation
At which stage of the virus life cycle would interferon AVPs
(anti-viral proteins) be activated? Correct Answers entry
Cold and influenza viruses typically enter the body through
which route? Correct Answers eyes
, How can B-cells be activated WITHOUT the help of T cells?
Correct Answers Repetitive epitopes allow B cell receptor
cross-linking, which leads to cell activation and proliferation.
How can viruses be more resistant than bacteria to lysozyme in
tears? Correct Answers Lysozyme degrades peptidoglycan and
viruses do not contain peptidoglycan
How is a fever beneficial for fighting an infection? Correct
Answers The higher temperature inhibits the growth of some
microbes.
If someone has a fever, why does his or her skin often feel cool
to the touch? Correct Answers During a fever, blood vessels in
the skin are constricted.
In which way are viruses more limited than bacteria in the ways
they can evade the immune system? Correct Answers Viruses
can't respond to external stimuli
Name the example that does not allow viruses to stay ahead of
the host during the "molecular arms race" that occurs between
viruses and the host immune system. Correct Answers Viruses
that rapidly kill host cells will not initiate an immune response.
Rate the prevalence of TB in the areas below from least to most
epidemic: 1) North America 2) South America 3) Africa 4) Asia
5) Europe Correct Answers 1,5,2,4,3
The body uses the cell-mediated immune response primarily
against_____. Correct Answers intracellular pathogens