Page 1 of 194
EVOLVE MED SURG HESI EXAM NEWEST 2025/ 2026
TEST BANK| EVOLVE HESI MED SURG EXAM WITH
250 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
In assessing a client diagnosed with primary aldosteronism, the nurse
expects the laboratory test results to indicate a decreased serum level of
which substance?
A. Sodium
B. Phosphate
C. Potassium
D. Glucose -Correct Answer- C
Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit a profound decline in serum
levels of potassium; hypokalemia; hypertension is the most prominent
and universal sign. The serum sodium level is normal or elevated,
depending on the amount of water resorbed with the sodium. Option B is
influenced by parathyroid hormone (PTH). Option D is not affected by
primary aldosteronism.
During assessment of a client in the intensive care unit, the nurse notes
that the client's breath sounds are clear on auscultation, but jugular vein
distention and muffled heart sounds are present. Which intervention
should the nurse implement?
A. Prepare the client for a pericardial tap.
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,Page 2 of 194
B. Administer intravenous furosemide (Lasix).
C. Assist the client to cough and breathe deeply.
D. Instruct the client to restrict oral fluid intake. -Correct Answer- A
The client is exhibiting symptoms of cardiac tamponade, a collection of
fluid in the pericardial sac that results in a reduction in cardiac output,
which is a potentially fatal complication of pericarditis. Treatment for
tamponade is a pericardial tap. Lasix IV is not indicated for treatment of
pericarditis. Because the client's breath sounds are clear, option C is not
a priority. Fluids are frequently increased in the initial treatment of
tamponade to compensate for the decrease in cardiac output, but this is
not the same priority as option A.
A central venous catheter has been inserted via a jugular vein, and a
radiograph has confirmed placement of the catheter. A prescription has
been received for a medication STAT, but IV fluids have not yet been
started. Which action should the nurse take prior to administering the
prescribed medication?
A. Assess for signs of jugular venous distention.
B. Obtain the needed intravenous solution.
C. Flush the line with heparinized solution.
D. Flush the line with normal saline. -Correct Answer- D
Medication can be administered via a central line without additional IV
fluids. The line should first be flushed with a normal saline solution to
ensure patency. Insufficient evidence exists on the effectiveness of
flushing catheters with heparin. Option A will not affect the decision to
pg. 2
,Page 3 of 194
administer the medication and is not a priority. Administration of the
medication STAT is of greater priority than option B.
The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured right elbow. Which
assessment finding has the highest priority and requires immediate
intervention?
A. Ecchymosis over the right elbow area
B. Deep unrelenting pain in the right arm
C. An edematous right elbow
D. The presence of crepitus in the right elbow -Correct Answer- B
Compartment syndrome is a condition involving increased pressure and
constriction of the nerves and vessels within an anatomic compartment,
causing pain uncontrolled by opioids and neurovascular compromise.
Option A is an expected finding. Option C related to compartment
syndrome cannot be seen, and any visible edema is an expected finding
related to the injury. Option D is an expected finding.
The nurse notes that a client who is scheduled for surgery the next
morning has an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. Which
condition is most likely to have contributed to this finding?
A. Myocardial infarction 2 months ago
B. Anorexia and vomiting for the past 2 days
C. Recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
D. Skeletal traction for a right hip fracture -Correct Answer- B
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, Page 4 of 194
The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates the effectiveness of the
kidneys in filtering waste from the blood. Dehydration, which could be
caused by vomiting, would cause an increased BUN level. Option A
would affect serum enzyme levels, not the BUN level. Option C would
primarily affect the blood glucose level; renal failure that could increase
the BUN level would be unlikely in a client newly diagnosed with type 2
diabetes. Effects of option D might affect the complete blood count
(CBC) but would not directly increase the BUN level.
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly
diagnosed with Cushing syndrome?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C. Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D. Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu. -Correct Answer- A
Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in
the adrenal cortex. Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop
diabetes mellitus. Monitoring of serum glucose levels assesses for
increased blood glucose levels so that treatment can begin early. A
common finding in Cushing syndrome is generalized edema. Although
potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food intake, not by
offering potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an
overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome, so an emphasis on the need
for rest is not indicated. A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium
diet is not recommended.
pg. 4
EVOLVE MED SURG HESI EXAM NEWEST 2025/ 2026
TEST BANK| EVOLVE HESI MED SURG EXAM WITH
250 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
In assessing a client diagnosed with primary aldosteronism, the nurse
expects the laboratory test results to indicate a decreased serum level of
which substance?
A. Sodium
B. Phosphate
C. Potassium
D. Glucose -Correct Answer- C
Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit a profound decline in serum
levels of potassium; hypokalemia; hypertension is the most prominent
and universal sign. The serum sodium level is normal or elevated,
depending on the amount of water resorbed with the sodium. Option B is
influenced by parathyroid hormone (PTH). Option D is not affected by
primary aldosteronism.
During assessment of a client in the intensive care unit, the nurse notes
that the client's breath sounds are clear on auscultation, but jugular vein
distention and muffled heart sounds are present. Which intervention
should the nurse implement?
A. Prepare the client for a pericardial tap.
pg. 1
,Page 2 of 194
B. Administer intravenous furosemide (Lasix).
C. Assist the client to cough and breathe deeply.
D. Instruct the client to restrict oral fluid intake. -Correct Answer- A
The client is exhibiting symptoms of cardiac tamponade, a collection of
fluid in the pericardial sac that results in a reduction in cardiac output,
which is a potentially fatal complication of pericarditis. Treatment for
tamponade is a pericardial tap. Lasix IV is not indicated for treatment of
pericarditis. Because the client's breath sounds are clear, option C is not
a priority. Fluids are frequently increased in the initial treatment of
tamponade to compensate for the decrease in cardiac output, but this is
not the same priority as option A.
A central venous catheter has been inserted via a jugular vein, and a
radiograph has confirmed placement of the catheter. A prescription has
been received for a medication STAT, but IV fluids have not yet been
started. Which action should the nurse take prior to administering the
prescribed medication?
A. Assess for signs of jugular venous distention.
B. Obtain the needed intravenous solution.
C. Flush the line with heparinized solution.
D. Flush the line with normal saline. -Correct Answer- D
Medication can be administered via a central line without additional IV
fluids. The line should first be flushed with a normal saline solution to
ensure patency. Insufficient evidence exists on the effectiveness of
flushing catheters with heparin. Option A will not affect the decision to
pg. 2
,Page 3 of 194
administer the medication and is not a priority. Administration of the
medication STAT is of greater priority than option B.
The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured right elbow. Which
assessment finding has the highest priority and requires immediate
intervention?
A. Ecchymosis over the right elbow area
B. Deep unrelenting pain in the right arm
C. An edematous right elbow
D. The presence of crepitus in the right elbow -Correct Answer- B
Compartment syndrome is a condition involving increased pressure and
constriction of the nerves and vessels within an anatomic compartment,
causing pain uncontrolled by opioids and neurovascular compromise.
Option A is an expected finding. Option C related to compartment
syndrome cannot be seen, and any visible edema is an expected finding
related to the injury. Option D is an expected finding.
The nurse notes that a client who is scheduled for surgery the next
morning has an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. Which
condition is most likely to have contributed to this finding?
A. Myocardial infarction 2 months ago
B. Anorexia and vomiting for the past 2 days
C. Recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
D. Skeletal traction for a right hip fracture -Correct Answer- B
pg. 3
, Page 4 of 194
The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level indicates the effectiveness of the
kidneys in filtering waste from the blood. Dehydration, which could be
caused by vomiting, would cause an increased BUN level. Option A
would affect serum enzyme levels, not the BUN level. Option C would
primarily affect the blood glucose level; renal failure that could increase
the BUN level would be unlikely in a client newly diagnosed with type 2
diabetes. Effects of option D might affect the complete blood count
(CBC) but would not directly increase the BUN level.
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly
diagnosed with Cushing syndrome?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C. Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D. Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu. -Correct Answer- A
Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in
the adrenal cortex. Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop
diabetes mellitus. Monitoring of serum glucose levels assesses for
increased blood glucose levels so that treatment can begin early. A
common finding in Cushing syndrome is generalized edema. Although
potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food intake, not by
offering potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an
overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome, so an emphasis on the need
for rest is not indicated. A low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium
diet is not recommended.
pg. 4
