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1. A field containing a single variety of commercial bananas is
devastated by a virus. Nearby, wild banana groves with similar plant
densities show infection, but many plants remain healthy. Which of
the following statements best explains this observation?
A. Crowded fields lead to higher plant stress and greater
susceptibility to infection
B. Density-dependent shading in the commercial fields leads to
rapid spread of viruses in damp soil
C. Wild bananas have more genetic variation, and some plants
are resistant to the banana virus
D. Commercial bananas are genetically modified and less robust
than wild bananas - ANSWER C. Wild bananas have more
genetic variation, and some plants are resistant to the banana
virus
2. A single variety is a clone of a high-yielding plant, and it has no
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, genetic variation. All the cloned plants are susceptible to the virus.
Variation is a prerequisite of adaptation to changing environments.
3. A gene is being copied into a molecule that contains ribose and
uracil. Which of the following cellular processes does this describe?
A. DNA replication
B. Translation
C. Gene splicing
D. Transcription - ANSWER D. Transcription
4. Transcription is the process by which a gene, encoded in DNA, is
coped into a messenger RNA. RNA contains ribose sugar and uracil
base.
5. A patient who has a mutation that causes type 1 diabetes mellitus is
trying a therapy that will use their own somatic stem cells to restore
their insulin production. Before their stem cells can be used for
therapy, which of the following should be done?
A. The stem cells should be inactivated with UV radiation
B. A normal gene should be supplied in place of the defective one
before therapy
C. The patient should be advised that the genetically altered cells
will be passed on to offspring
D. The patient should be tested to ensure that their body will not
reject the stem cells. - ANSWER B. A normal gene should be
supplied in place of the defective one before therapy.
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, 6. The patient's insulin-producing genes are damaged. A functional
insulin-producing gene should be placed into the cells with the aim
of integrating the gene into the DNA.
7. A student wants to design an experiment to demonstrate the effects
of acid rain on plant life. Which of the following substances should
be combined with water to stimulate acid rain?
A. Vinegar
B. Table salt
C. Baking soda
D. Ammonia - ANSWER A. Vinegar
8. Vinegar is acidic, with a pH less than 7. Adding it to the water will
acidify water to stimulate acid rain.
9. After doing a belly flop into a swimming pool, a child says, "The
water slapped me." Which of the following is the property of water
that causes the slap?
A. Irregular expansion
B. Hydrogen bonding
C. Capillary action
D. Hydrophobic exclusion - ANSWER B. Hydrogen bonding
10. Hydrogen bonding holds the water molecules tightly together
so they cannot disperse easily, increasing surface tension and
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