Phil 100 Exam 4 UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is monotheism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that one God created the world
and sustains it while transcending it
What is evidentialism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that belief in God must be
supported by objective evidence
What is natural theology? - CORRECT ANSWERS the project of attempting to provide
proofs for the existence of God based on reason and experience alone
What is atheism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that God does not exist
What is agnosticism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that there is not enough evidence
for us to know whether God does or does not exist; sometimes called religious skepticism
What is nonevidentialism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that it is not rationally
required to have objective, rational evidence for our basic beliefs and stance toward life
What is fideism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim the religious belief must be based on
faith alone and cannot be justified by appeal to either objective or subjective reason
What is the principle of sufficient reason? - CORRECT ANSWERS the principle that
everything that exists must have a reason that explains why it exists and why it has the properties
that it does
What is a contingent being? - CORRECT ANSWERS a being whose existence depends on
something outside itself, such that neither its existence not its nonexistence is logically necessary
, What is a necessary being? - CORRECT ANSWERS a being who contains the reason for
its existence within its own nature
What is the teleological argument? - CORRECT ANSWERS the argument for God's
existence based on the evidence of design in the world
What is the problem of evil? - CORRECT ANSWERS the difficulty reconciling the
existence of suffering and other evils in the world with the existence of God
What is moral evil? - CORRECT ANSWERS bad actions and their unfortunate results for
which humans (or other agents) are morally responsible
What is natural evil? - CORRECT ANSWERS the suffering of humans and animals
resulting from natural causes such as genetic defects, diseases, earthquakes, and tornados
What is theodicy? - CORRECT ANSWERS the attempt to justify God's permitting evil to
occur in the world
What is the greater goods defense? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that God allows
some evil to exist because it is necessary to the achievement of a greater good
What is the free will defense? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that God could not
create creatures (such as us) who have freedom of will but who are incapable of doing evil things
What are the issues/topics that philosophy of religion examines? - CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the differences between monotheism, pantheism, and polytheism? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Monotheism - belief in one true God
Pantheism- belief that all Gods are valid and true
Polytheism - belief in many Gods
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is monotheism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that one God created the world
and sustains it while transcending it
What is evidentialism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that belief in God must be
supported by objective evidence
What is natural theology? - CORRECT ANSWERS the project of attempting to provide
proofs for the existence of God based on reason and experience alone
What is atheism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that God does not exist
What is agnosticism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that there is not enough evidence
for us to know whether God does or does not exist; sometimes called religious skepticism
What is nonevidentialism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that it is not rationally
required to have objective, rational evidence for our basic beliefs and stance toward life
What is fideism? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim the religious belief must be based on
faith alone and cannot be justified by appeal to either objective or subjective reason
What is the principle of sufficient reason? - CORRECT ANSWERS the principle that
everything that exists must have a reason that explains why it exists and why it has the properties
that it does
What is a contingent being? - CORRECT ANSWERS a being whose existence depends on
something outside itself, such that neither its existence not its nonexistence is logically necessary
, What is a necessary being? - CORRECT ANSWERS a being who contains the reason for
its existence within its own nature
What is the teleological argument? - CORRECT ANSWERS the argument for God's
existence based on the evidence of design in the world
What is the problem of evil? - CORRECT ANSWERS the difficulty reconciling the
existence of suffering and other evils in the world with the existence of God
What is moral evil? - CORRECT ANSWERS bad actions and their unfortunate results for
which humans (or other agents) are morally responsible
What is natural evil? - CORRECT ANSWERS the suffering of humans and animals
resulting from natural causes such as genetic defects, diseases, earthquakes, and tornados
What is theodicy? - CORRECT ANSWERS the attempt to justify God's permitting evil to
occur in the world
What is the greater goods defense? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that God allows
some evil to exist because it is necessary to the achievement of a greater good
What is the free will defense? - CORRECT ANSWERS the claim that God could not
create creatures (such as us) who have freedom of will but who are incapable of doing evil things
What are the issues/topics that philosophy of religion examines? - CORRECT ANSWERS
What are the differences between monotheism, pantheism, and polytheism? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Monotheism - belief in one true God
Pantheism- belief that all Gods are valid and true
Polytheism - belief in many Gods
