PSYC 2301 Exam 2 ACTUAL UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which of the following scenarios exemplifies a fixed mindset in the context of psychological
constraints in learning?
Alan does not think he has academic abilities, so he abandons the idea of going to college.
Sven does not have good coordination skills, but he continues to learn how to play tennis.
Jennifer has always been bad at math, but still believes she can do well in math in college.
Madison has failed her chemistry test, so she has decided to work harder from now on -
CORRECT ANSWER - Alan does not think he has academic abilities, so he abandons the
idea of going to college.
Jill decides to study harder in class after seeing her teacher praise her classmate, Ricky, for doing
well on a test. In the context of observational learning, this scenario best exemplifies learning
through
negative reinforcement.
vicarious punishment.
positive reinforcement.
vicarious reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER - vicarious reinforcement
In observational learning, retention is the process in which a learner must
encode the information to reproduce a model's actions
withdraw attention from a model's actions.
use his or her instincts to resist reinforcers.
must generalize his or her conditional response - CORRECT ANSWER - encode the
information to reproduce a model's actions
,A worker at a handicraft store is paid $25 for every 20 wind chimes she makes. Which of the
following schedules of reinforcement in operant conditioning is her payment based on?
the variable-ratio schedule
the fixed-interval schedule
the fixed-ratio schedule
the variable-interval schedule - CORRECT ANSWER - the fixed-ratio schedule
Which of the following is true of a fixed-interval schedule in the context of operant
conditioning?
It reinforces the first behavior after a set amount of time has passed.
It produces a high, steady rate of behavior that is more resistant to extinction than the other three
schedules.
It reinforces a behavior after a variable amount of time has elapsed.
It reinforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors - CORRECT ANSWER - It
reinforces the first behavior after a set amount of time has passed.
Which of the following is true of a fixed-ratio schedule in operant conditioning?
It reinforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors.
It reinforces a behavior after a fixed amount of time has passed.
It produces high, steady rates of behavior that are more resistant to extinction than the other
schedules.
It is determined by the time elapsed since the last behavior was rewarded - CORRECT
ANSWER - It reinforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors.
Rose is in an abusive relationship with Dan, who is physically violent with her and has injured
her seriously more than once. Despite this, Rose has never been able to stop him or leave him.
Rose was also abused by her step-father as a child. Rose's inability to put up a fight with Dan is
most likely the result of _____in operant conditioning.
, learned helplessness
preparedness
instinctive drift
aversive conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER - learned helplessness
Positive reinforcement in operant conditioning
is always followed by an unpleasant consequence
increases the frequency of a behavior
decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur
is followed by the removal of something undesirable - CORRECT ANSWER - increases
the frequency of a behavior
______ in operant conditioning occurs when the frequency of a behavior increases because it is
followed by the removal of something undesirable.
negative reinforcement
positive reinforcement
negative punishment
positive punishment - CORRECT ANSWER - negative reinforcement
Just as it does in classical conditioning, _____ plays a key role in operant conditioning.
vestibular sense
instinctive drift
contingency
immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - contingency
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which of the following scenarios exemplifies a fixed mindset in the context of psychological
constraints in learning?
Alan does not think he has academic abilities, so he abandons the idea of going to college.
Sven does not have good coordination skills, but he continues to learn how to play tennis.
Jennifer has always been bad at math, but still believes she can do well in math in college.
Madison has failed her chemistry test, so she has decided to work harder from now on -
CORRECT ANSWER - Alan does not think he has academic abilities, so he abandons the
idea of going to college.
Jill decides to study harder in class after seeing her teacher praise her classmate, Ricky, for doing
well on a test. In the context of observational learning, this scenario best exemplifies learning
through
negative reinforcement.
vicarious punishment.
positive reinforcement.
vicarious reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER - vicarious reinforcement
In observational learning, retention is the process in which a learner must
encode the information to reproduce a model's actions
withdraw attention from a model's actions.
use his or her instincts to resist reinforcers.
must generalize his or her conditional response - CORRECT ANSWER - encode the
information to reproduce a model's actions
,A worker at a handicraft store is paid $25 for every 20 wind chimes she makes. Which of the
following schedules of reinforcement in operant conditioning is her payment based on?
the variable-ratio schedule
the fixed-interval schedule
the fixed-ratio schedule
the variable-interval schedule - CORRECT ANSWER - the fixed-ratio schedule
Which of the following is true of a fixed-interval schedule in the context of operant
conditioning?
It reinforces the first behavior after a set amount of time has passed.
It produces a high, steady rate of behavior that is more resistant to extinction than the other three
schedules.
It reinforces a behavior after a variable amount of time has elapsed.
It reinforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors - CORRECT ANSWER - It
reinforces the first behavior after a set amount of time has passed.
Which of the following is true of a fixed-ratio schedule in operant conditioning?
It reinforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors.
It reinforces a behavior after a fixed amount of time has passed.
It produces high, steady rates of behavior that are more resistant to extinction than the other
schedules.
It is determined by the time elapsed since the last behavior was rewarded - CORRECT
ANSWER - It reinforces a behavior after a set number of behaviors.
Rose is in an abusive relationship with Dan, who is physically violent with her and has injured
her seriously more than once. Despite this, Rose has never been able to stop him or leave him.
Rose was also abused by her step-father as a child. Rose's inability to put up a fight with Dan is
most likely the result of _____in operant conditioning.
, learned helplessness
preparedness
instinctive drift
aversive conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER - learned helplessness
Positive reinforcement in operant conditioning
is always followed by an unpleasant consequence
increases the frequency of a behavior
decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur
is followed by the removal of something undesirable - CORRECT ANSWER - increases
the frequency of a behavior
______ in operant conditioning occurs when the frequency of a behavior increases because it is
followed by the removal of something undesirable.
negative reinforcement
positive reinforcement
negative punishment
positive punishment - CORRECT ANSWER - negative reinforcement
Just as it does in classical conditioning, _____ plays a key role in operant conditioning.
vestibular sense
instinctive drift
contingency
immunity - CORRECT ANSWER - contingency
