HESI RN FUNDAMENTALS EXIT EXAM LATEST ACTUAL
EXAM 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES VERIFIED ANSWERS NURSING COURSE
2026/2027 | COMPLETE MASTER REVIEW | GRADED A+ |
100% CORRECT | HIGH-YIELD CONCEPTS, CLINICAL
SKILLS & PATIENT CARE INSIGHTS FOR EXCELLENCE
The nurse is called to the waiting room of a pediatric clinic. The frantic mother
states, "I think my 4-month-old baby is choking!" What steps will the nurse
take? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Compress the chest once between the nipples with two fingers.
B.
Note any obstruction or absence of breathing.
C.
Deliver five backslaps between the shoulder blades.
D.
Place the infant over the nurse's arm.
E.
Perform a blind finger sweep. - CORRECT ANSWER - B, C, D
Rationale: The fingers are placed at the same location on an infant as chest
compressions for CPR; however, the nurse must deliver five chest thrusts, after
the five back slaps. Blind sweeps are not used as this action may push the object
deeper into the throat. The remaining steps are correct.
Which fluid will the nurse select to administer with the prescribed blood
transfusion?
A.
5% Dextrose and water
B.
,Normal saline
C.
Lactated Ringers solution
D.
5% Dextrose and lactated ringers - CORRECT ANSWER - B
Rationale: Normal saline solution is the only solution that is compatible with
blood.
When assisting a client from the bed to a chair, which procedure is best for the
nurse to follow?
A.
Place the chair parallel to the bed, with its back toward the head of the bed and
assist the client in moving to the chair.
B.
With the nurse's feet spread apart and knees aligned with the client's knees,
stand and pivot the client into the chair.
C.
Assist the client to a standing position by gently lifting upward, underneath the
axillae.
D.
Rationale: When obtaining the blood pressure in the lower extremities, the
popliteal pulse is the site for auscultation when the blood pressure cuff is
applied around the thigh. The nurse should intervene with the UAP who has
applied the cuff on the lower leg. Option A ensures an accurate assessment, and
option C provides the best access to the artery. Systolic pressure in the popliteal
artery is usually 10 to 40 mm Hg higher than in the brachial artery.
During a clinic visit, the mother of a 7-year-old reports to the nurse that her
child is often awake until midnight playing and is then very difficult to awaken
in the morning for school. Which assessment data should the nurse obtain in
response to the mother's concern?
,A.
The occurrence of any episodes of sleep apnea
B.
The child's blood pressure, pulse, and respirations
C.
Length of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep that the child is experiencing
D.
Description of the family's home environment - CORRECT ANSWER - D
Rationale: School-age children often resist bedtime. The nurse should begin by
assessing the environment of the home to determine factors that may not be
conducive to the establishment of bedtime rituals that promote sleep. Option A
often causes daytime fatigue rather than resistance to going to sleep. Option B is
unlikely to provide useful data. The nurse cannot determine option C.
The nurse identifies a potential for infection in a client with partial-thickness
(second-degree) and full-thickness (third-degree) burns. What action has the
highest priority in decreasing the client's risk of infection?
A.
Administration of plasma expanders
B.
Use of careful handwashing technique
C.
Application of a topical antibacterial cream
D.
Limiting visitors to the client with burns - CORRECT ANSWER - B
Rationale: Careful handwashing technique is the single most effective
intervention for the prevention of contamination to all clients. Option A reverses
the hypovolemia that initially accompanies burn trauma but is not related to
decreasing the proliferation of infective organisms. Options C and D are
recommended by various burn centers as possible ways to reduce the chance of
infection. Option B is a proven technique to prevent infection.
, The nurse assesses a 2-year-old who is admitted for dehydration and finds that
the peripheral IV rate by gravity has slowed, even though the venous access site
is healthy. What should the nurse do next?
A.
Apply a warm compress proximal to the site.
B.
Check for kinks in the tubing and raise the IV pole.
C.
Adjust the tape that stabilizes the needle.
D.
Flush with normal saline and recount the drop rate. - CORRECT ANSWER -
B
Rationale: The nurse should first check the tubing and height of the bag on the
IV pole, which are common factors that may slow the rate. Gravity infusion
rates are influenced by the height of the bag, tubing clamp closure or kinks,
needle size or position, fluid viscosity, client blood pressure (crying in the
pediatric client), and infiltration. Venospasm can slow the rate and often
responds to warmth over the vessel, but the nurse should first adjust the IV pole
height. The nurse may need to adjust the stabilizing tape on a positional needle
or flush the venous access with normal saline, but less invasive actions should
be implemented first.
The nurse manager of a skilled nursing (chronic care) unit is instructing UAPs
on ways to prevent complications of immobility. Which action should be
included in this instruction?
A.
Perform range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures.
B.
Decrease the client's fluid intake to prevent diarrhea.
C.
EXAM 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES VERIFIED ANSWERS NURSING COURSE
2026/2027 | COMPLETE MASTER REVIEW | GRADED A+ |
100% CORRECT | HIGH-YIELD CONCEPTS, CLINICAL
SKILLS & PATIENT CARE INSIGHTS FOR EXCELLENCE
The nurse is called to the waiting room of a pediatric clinic. The frantic mother
states, "I think my 4-month-old baby is choking!" What steps will the nurse
take? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Compress the chest once between the nipples with two fingers.
B.
Note any obstruction or absence of breathing.
C.
Deliver five backslaps between the shoulder blades.
D.
Place the infant over the nurse's arm.
E.
Perform a blind finger sweep. - CORRECT ANSWER - B, C, D
Rationale: The fingers are placed at the same location on an infant as chest
compressions for CPR; however, the nurse must deliver five chest thrusts, after
the five back slaps. Blind sweeps are not used as this action may push the object
deeper into the throat. The remaining steps are correct.
Which fluid will the nurse select to administer with the prescribed blood
transfusion?
A.
5% Dextrose and water
B.
,Normal saline
C.
Lactated Ringers solution
D.
5% Dextrose and lactated ringers - CORRECT ANSWER - B
Rationale: Normal saline solution is the only solution that is compatible with
blood.
When assisting a client from the bed to a chair, which procedure is best for the
nurse to follow?
A.
Place the chair parallel to the bed, with its back toward the head of the bed and
assist the client in moving to the chair.
B.
With the nurse's feet spread apart and knees aligned with the client's knees,
stand and pivot the client into the chair.
C.
Assist the client to a standing position by gently lifting upward, underneath the
axillae.
D.
Rationale: When obtaining the blood pressure in the lower extremities, the
popliteal pulse is the site for auscultation when the blood pressure cuff is
applied around the thigh. The nurse should intervene with the UAP who has
applied the cuff on the lower leg. Option A ensures an accurate assessment, and
option C provides the best access to the artery. Systolic pressure in the popliteal
artery is usually 10 to 40 mm Hg higher than in the brachial artery.
During a clinic visit, the mother of a 7-year-old reports to the nurse that her
child is often awake until midnight playing and is then very difficult to awaken
in the morning for school. Which assessment data should the nurse obtain in
response to the mother's concern?
,A.
The occurrence of any episodes of sleep apnea
B.
The child's blood pressure, pulse, and respirations
C.
Length of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep that the child is experiencing
D.
Description of the family's home environment - CORRECT ANSWER - D
Rationale: School-age children often resist bedtime. The nurse should begin by
assessing the environment of the home to determine factors that may not be
conducive to the establishment of bedtime rituals that promote sleep. Option A
often causes daytime fatigue rather than resistance to going to sleep. Option B is
unlikely to provide useful data. The nurse cannot determine option C.
The nurse identifies a potential for infection in a client with partial-thickness
(second-degree) and full-thickness (third-degree) burns. What action has the
highest priority in decreasing the client's risk of infection?
A.
Administration of plasma expanders
B.
Use of careful handwashing technique
C.
Application of a topical antibacterial cream
D.
Limiting visitors to the client with burns - CORRECT ANSWER - B
Rationale: Careful handwashing technique is the single most effective
intervention for the prevention of contamination to all clients. Option A reverses
the hypovolemia that initially accompanies burn trauma but is not related to
decreasing the proliferation of infective organisms. Options C and D are
recommended by various burn centers as possible ways to reduce the chance of
infection. Option B is a proven technique to prevent infection.
, The nurse assesses a 2-year-old who is admitted for dehydration and finds that
the peripheral IV rate by gravity has slowed, even though the venous access site
is healthy. What should the nurse do next?
A.
Apply a warm compress proximal to the site.
B.
Check for kinks in the tubing and raise the IV pole.
C.
Adjust the tape that stabilizes the needle.
D.
Flush with normal saline and recount the drop rate. - CORRECT ANSWER -
B
Rationale: The nurse should first check the tubing and height of the bag on the
IV pole, which are common factors that may slow the rate. Gravity infusion
rates are influenced by the height of the bag, tubing clamp closure or kinks,
needle size or position, fluid viscosity, client blood pressure (crying in the
pediatric client), and infiltration. Venospasm can slow the rate and often
responds to warmth over the vessel, but the nurse should first adjust the IV pole
height. The nurse may need to adjust the stabilizing tape on a positional needle
or flush the venous access with normal saline, but less invasive actions should
be implemented first.
The nurse manager of a skilled nursing (chronic care) unit is instructing UAPs
on ways to prevent complications of immobility. Which action should be
included in this instruction?
A.
Perform range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures.
B.
Decrease the client's fluid intake to prevent diarrhea.
C.
