CNUR 103 Final Review Exam and All Correct Answers Updated.

Swiss Cheese Model - Answer systems approach to understanding errors. Declares humans are fallible and errors are to be expected even in the best organization. slices= safeguards holes= weakness in each layer domino effect - Answer event takes on a form of a falling domino - if the domino effect is not stopped it will end in harm iceberg model - Answer -approach to identify potential visible factors but also view the possible underlying, contributing factors - a system wide approach will help learn from events and create solutions - a system must learn from and correct itself restraints - Answer physical, mechanical or environmental means which are intended to prevent injury, manage responsive behavior or physical movements which could cause bodily harm to the client or others physical restraints - Answer direct application of physical holding techniques to a client that involuntarily restricts his or her movement -this does not include briefly holding, without undue force a client in order to calm, or to escort to safety from one area to another mechanical restraints - Answer any device, material, or equipment attached to or near a client, cannot be easily removed which involuntarily restricts clients freedom environmental restraint - Answer any barriers that limits controls the locomotion of a client & thereby confined them to a specific area or location affects of restraints - Answer - decreased cognitive performance - increased confusion - decreased function, muscle/bone atrophy - decreased walking ability - worsening pressure ulcers