CNUR 103 Final Examination with All
Actual Detailed Solutions 2025-2026
Just Released Version.
Critical thinking - Answer a combination of skills and dispositions to maximize one's ability to
purposely reflect, think deeply, and act purposely
3 main purposes of thinking critically - Answer Social, political/moral/ethical, and economical
Evidence based practice - Answer the use of various types of knowledge to guide one's
practice in the clinical setting toward the goal of quality client care outcomes
Nursing process (ADPIE) - Answer 1) Assess - collecting data (both objective and subjective)
2) Diagnose - Analyze data and look for inconsistencies
3) Plan - Identify how we are going to achieve our goal
4) Implement - nurse carries out the planned actions
5) Evaluate - Measures the degree to which the patient's goals and desired outcomes have been
achieved
What are interventions? - Answer The things that the nurse will do to assist the patient to
achieve the goals
-Reduce or eliminate the causative factors
-Treat the signs and symptoms
What is rationale? - Answer reason for each intervention
Documentation - Answer Documentation is anything entered into a patient's electronic
health record or written in a patient record. Documentation is written information about a client
that describes the care or service provided to that client - done when you do any patient care
nursing documentation:
-ensures: continuity of care, provides legal evidence, evaluates pt outcomes
-provides: detailed account of pt's plan of care, assessment, and treatment
,Charting by exception - Answer charting by exception is a system of documentation that
aims to eliminate redundancy, makes documentation of routine care more concise, emphasizes
abnormal findings, and identifies trends in clinical care
Progress notes - Answer health care team members use progress notes to monitor and
record the progress if a patient's problem
Nursing signature - Answer First initial, last name, NS-SCBScN
SBAR documentation - Answer Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
SBAR documentation is a concrete approach for framing conversations, especially critical ones
that require a nurse's immediate attention and action
SOAP documentation - Answer Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, and Plan
The logic for SOAP(IE) {Intervention, Evaluation} is to collect data about a pt's problems, draw
conclusions, and develop a plan of care
PIE documentation - Answer Problem, Intervention, Evaluation
PIE charting is problem-oriented; it differs from SOAP method because it has a nursing origin,
whereas SOAP originated from a medical model
Incident report - Answer a form that filled up in order to record the details of accidents,
patient injury and other unusual events that occur in a health care facility
WHOLE - Answer Wholsim, History, Options, Logistics and Environment
What is holistic nursing? - Answer a practice that aims to heal the whole person and draws
on knowledge, theories, expertise and intuition
TRUST - Answer traditions, reconciliation, understanding, searching, teachers
,•Indirect contact: touching object
•Droplet: large drops eg sneezing
•Airborne: little drops eg TB
•Vehicle borne: eg kleenex or dressings
•Vector borne: eg animals/insects biting you
What is the major cause of respiratory infections? - Answer droplet transmission
Routine precautions - Answer Used with all clients regardless of diagnosis:
Use of PPE (personal protective equipment)
Hand hygiene
All interventions that break the chain of infection
What are the 5 moments of hand hygiene? - Answer 1. Before touching patient
2. Before clean/aseptic procedure
3. After bodily fluid exposure risk
4. After touching a patient
5. After touching patient surroundings
Direct contact transmission - Answer microorganisms pass from the infected person to the
healthy person via direct physical contact with blood or body fluids. eg touching/contact with
oral secretions
Indirect contact transmission - Answer spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs,
sending infectious droplets into the air. Droplets generally travel between three and six feet and
land on surfaces or objects including tables, doorknobs and telephones
Nosocomial infection - Answer infection that is acquired by patients while they are
institutionalized or hospitalized
Iatrogenic infection - Answer nosocomial infection that results from a diagnostic or
therapeutic treatment
, -Contains name (printed and signature), initials, designation and date of initial contact
-Must be available on each individual client's chart
What is the biggest function of documentation? - Answer Communication - it is a tool to
relay the message to all members in the healthcare system
Purposes of documentation - Answer Promotes equality and improvement and manages risk
Professional accountability
Liability protection (law)
Funding and resource management eg being short staffed
Education
What do you do with late entries? - Answer -Add the entry on the first available line
-Label the entry "Late Entry" to indicate that it is out of sequence
-Record the time and date of entry
-In the body of the entry, record the time and date it should have been made
What is the difference between "medical diagnosis" and "nursing diagnosis"? - Answer
•Medical diagnosis states what is wrong with part of the patient. E.g. "Pneumonia."
•A nursing diagnosis is a "statement of a health problem that a nurse is licensed and competent
to treat" E.g. "Pain r/t recent surgery."
Medical asepsis - Answer the practice to reduce the number and spread of microorganisms
Surgical asepsis - Answer procedures to eliminate all microorganisms from an area
Asepsis - Answer an environment which is absent of bacteria, viruses and microorganisms
Pathogen - Answer organisms able to produce disease or infection
List the different types of pathogens - Answer bacterium, fungus, protozoan, virus, helminth
Actual Detailed Solutions 2025-2026
Just Released Version.
Critical thinking - Answer a combination of skills and dispositions to maximize one's ability to
purposely reflect, think deeply, and act purposely
3 main purposes of thinking critically - Answer Social, political/moral/ethical, and economical
Evidence based practice - Answer the use of various types of knowledge to guide one's
practice in the clinical setting toward the goal of quality client care outcomes
Nursing process (ADPIE) - Answer 1) Assess - collecting data (both objective and subjective)
2) Diagnose - Analyze data and look for inconsistencies
3) Plan - Identify how we are going to achieve our goal
4) Implement - nurse carries out the planned actions
5) Evaluate - Measures the degree to which the patient's goals and desired outcomes have been
achieved
What are interventions? - Answer The things that the nurse will do to assist the patient to
achieve the goals
-Reduce or eliminate the causative factors
-Treat the signs and symptoms
What is rationale? - Answer reason for each intervention
Documentation - Answer Documentation is anything entered into a patient's electronic
health record or written in a patient record. Documentation is written information about a client
that describes the care or service provided to that client - done when you do any patient care
nursing documentation:
-ensures: continuity of care, provides legal evidence, evaluates pt outcomes
-provides: detailed account of pt's plan of care, assessment, and treatment
,Charting by exception - Answer charting by exception is a system of documentation that
aims to eliminate redundancy, makes documentation of routine care more concise, emphasizes
abnormal findings, and identifies trends in clinical care
Progress notes - Answer health care team members use progress notes to monitor and
record the progress if a patient's problem
Nursing signature - Answer First initial, last name, NS-SCBScN
SBAR documentation - Answer Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
SBAR documentation is a concrete approach for framing conversations, especially critical ones
that require a nurse's immediate attention and action
SOAP documentation - Answer Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, and Plan
The logic for SOAP(IE) {Intervention, Evaluation} is to collect data about a pt's problems, draw
conclusions, and develop a plan of care
PIE documentation - Answer Problem, Intervention, Evaluation
PIE charting is problem-oriented; it differs from SOAP method because it has a nursing origin,
whereas SOAP originated from a medical model
Incident report - Answer a form that filled up in order to record the details of accidents,
patient injury and other unusual events that occur in a health care facility
WHOLE - Answer Wholsim, History, Options, Logistics and Environment
What is holistic nursing? - Answer a practice that aims to heal the whole person and draws
on knowledge, theories, expertise and intuition
TRUST - Answer traditions, reconciliation, understanding, searching, teachers
,•Indirect contact: touching object
•Droplet: large drops eg sneezing
•Airborne: little drops eg TB
•Vehicle borne: eg kleenex or dressings
•Vector borne: eg animals/insects biting you
What is the major cause of respiratory infections? - Answer droplet transmission
Routine precautions - Answer Used with all clients regardless of diagnosis:
Use of PPE (personal protective equipment)
Hand hygiene
All interventions that break the chain of infection
What are the 5 moments of hand hygiene? - Answer 1. Before touching patient
2. Before clean/aseptic procedure
3. After bodily fluid exposure risk
4. After touching a patient
5. After touching patient surroundings
Direct contact transmission - Answer microorganisms pass from the infected person to the
healthy person via direct physical contact with blood or body fluids. eg touching/contact with
oral secretions
Indirect contact transmission - Answer spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs,
sending infectious droplets into the air. Droplets generally travel between three and six feet and
land on surfaces or objects including tables, doorknobs and telephones
Nosocomial infection - Answer infection that is acquired by patients while they are
institutionalized or hospitalized
Iatrogenic infection - Answer nosocomial infection that results from a diagnostic or
therapeutic treatment
, -Contains name (printed and signature), initials, designation and date of initial contact
-Must be available on each individual client's chart
What is the biggest function of documentation? - Answer Communication - it is a tool to
relay the message to all members in the healthcare system
Purposes of documentation - Answer Promotes equality and improvement and manages risk
Professional accountability
Liability protection (law)
Funding and resource management eg being short staffed
Education
What do you do with late entries? - Answer -Add the entry on the first available line
-Label the entry "Late Entry" to indicate that it is out of sequence
-Record the time and date of entry
-In the body of the entry, record the time and date it should have been made
What is the difference between "medical diagnosis" and "nursing diagnosis"? - Answer
•Medical diagnosis states what is wrong with part of the patient. E.g. "Pneumonia."
•A nursing diagnosis is a "statement of a health problem that a nurse is licensed and competent
to treat" E.g. "Pain r/t recent surgery."
Medical asepsis - Answer the practice to reduce the number and spread of microorganisms
Surgical asepsis - Answer procedures to eliminate all microorganisms from an area
Asepsis - Answer an environment which is absent of bacteria, viruses and microorganisms
Pathogen - Answer organisms able to produce disease or infection
List the different types of pathogens - Answer bacterium, fungus, protozoan, virus, helminth
