MSN 570 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY LATEST
VERSION/VERIFIED AND WELL UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/NEWEST VERSION
2026/GRADED A+/BRAND NEW
Leukocytes - ANSWERSwhite blood cells; key players in the
inflammatory response and infectious process; consist of
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells (called
granulocytes because of the granules in their cytoplasm);
function diminishes with aging.
Lymphoblastic lymphoma - ANSWERSRare variant of Non-
Hodgkin lymphoma, majority is from a T cell origin
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) - ANSWERSAmount of
Hgb per RBC Alterations same reasons as MCV; normal value:
27 -31 pg/cell
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) -
ANSWERSAverage concentration of hemoglobin per RBC (size
of RBC taken into account) Low: hypochromic High:
hyperchromic Normal: normochromic; regular lab value: 32-36
g/dL
1
,Megaloblastic Anemia—Macrocytic - ANSWERStype of anemia
that causes high MCV --
Impaired DNA synthesis, due to vitamin B12 and folic acid
deficiency, characterized by delayed nuclear development but
normal cytoplasm development (i.e., nuclear-cytoplasmic
aysynchrony). The aysynchrony causes large developing cells
called megaloblasts and large mature cells that are macrocytic.
Cell color is unaffected, and, therefore, the anemia is
normochromic. Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies also
cause premature precursor cell death through phagocytosis or
apoptosis.
Monocyte - ANSWERSan agranulocytic leukocyte that performs
phagocytosis to fight infection
Multiple myeloma (MM) - ANSWERSMalignant proliferation of
plasma cells
Infiltrate bone marrow and aggregate into tumor masses in
skeletal system; mostly affects older adults
Neutrophil - ANSWERSa granular leukocyte, named for the
neutral stain of its granules, that fights infection by
phagocytizing bacteria
2
, Plasma - ANSWERSLiquid part of blood - a transport medium
that carries the blood cells as well as antibodies, nutrients,
electrolytes, hormones, lipids, and waste products. The most
abundant of the plasma proteins is albumin, which creates
colloid oncotic (osmotic) pressure as one mechanism to
maintain fluid balance in blood vessels.
Plasma iron - ANSWERSRequisite for Hgb synthesis (heme
component) Low: increased need, lack of intake, poor
absorption High: increased absorption, excess intake
Plasmin - ANSWERSAn enzyme that dissolves clots once healing
has occurred.
Platelets - ANSWERScell fragments in the blood that are
essential for blood clotting (coagulation)
Polycythemia - ANSWERSA disorder characterized by an
abnormal increase in red blood cells/ hemoglobin
Polycythemia Vera (PV) - ANSWERSNeoplastic proliferation of
mature myeloid cells, especially RBCs
3
VERSION/VERIFIED AND WELL UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/NEWEST VERSION
2026/GRADED A+/BRAND NEW
Leukocytes - ANSWERSwhite blood cells; key players in the
inflammatory response and infectious process; consist of
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells (called
granulocytes because of the granules in their cytoplasm);
function diminishes with aging.
Lymphoblastic lymphoma - ANSWERSRare variant of Non-
Hodgkin lymphoma, majority is from a T cell origin
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) - ANSWERSAmount of
Hgb per RBC Alterations same reasons as MCV; normal value:
27 -31 pg/cell
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) -
ANSWERSAverage concentration of hemoglobin per RBC (size
of RBC taken into account) Low: hypochromic High:
hyperchromic Normal: normochromic; regular lab value: 32-36
g/dL
1
,Megaloblastic Anemia—Macrocytic - ANSWERStype of anemia
that causes high MCV --
Impaired DNA synthesis, due to vitamin B12 and folic acid
deficiency, characterized by delayed nuclear development but
normal cytoplasm development (i.e., nuclear-cytoplasmic
aysynchrony). The aysynchrony causes large developing cells
called megaloblasts and large mature cells that are macrocytic.
Cell color is unaffected, and, therefore, the anemia is
normochromic. Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies also
cause premature precursor cell death through phagocytosis or
apoptosis.
Monocyte - ANSWERSan agranulocytic leukocyte that performs
phagocytosis to fight infection
Multiple myeloma (MM) - ANSWERSMalignant proliferation of
plasma cells
Infiltrate bone marrow and aggregate into tumor masses in
skeletal system; mostly affects older adults
Neutrophil - ANSWERSa granular leukocyte, named for the
neutral stain of its granules, that fights infection by
phagocytizing bacteria
2
, Plasma - ANSWERSLiquid part of blood - a transport medium
that carries the blood cells as well as antibodies, nutrients,
electrolytes, hormones, lipids, and waste products. The most
abundant of the plasma proteins is albumin, which creates
colloid oncotic (osmotic) pressure as one mechanism to
maintain fluid balance in blood vessels.
Plasma iron - ANSWERSRequisite for Hgb synthesis (heme
component) Low: increased need, lack of intake, poor
absorption High: increased absorption, excess intake
Plasmin - ANSWERSAn enzyme that dissolves clots once healing
has occurred.
Platelets - ANSWERScell fragments in the blood that are
essential for blood clotting (coagulation)
Polycythemia - ANSWERSA disorder characterized by an
abnormal increase in red blood cells/ hemoglobin
Polycythemia Vera (PV) - ANSWERSNeoplastic proliferation of
mature myeloid cells, especially RBCs
3
