ECC VTNE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Which of the following is least useful when resuscitating a dog in shock? a. D5W b.
Hetastarch c. Hypertonic saline d. Plasma-Lyte - Answer -a
2. The first drug of choice for a cat that experiences status epilepticus is: a. Diazepam
b. Pentobarbital c. Potassium bromide d. Propofol - Answer -a
3. Tension pneumothorax occurs when pressure in the thoracic cavity is: a. Less than
atmospheric pressure b. Equal to atmospheric pressure c. Greater than atmospheric
pressure d. Constant as animal breathes in and out - Answer -c
4. Emesis should not be induced in patients that have ingested: a. Anticholinergics b.
Hydrocarbons c. Organophosphates d. Salicylates - Answer -b
5. The mucous membranes of a dog in septic shock are: a. Cyanotic b. Hyperemic c.
Icteric d. Pale \ - Answer -b
6. The most desirable induction agent for an emergency cesarean section in a dog is: a.
Etomidate b. Diazepam c. Propofol d. Thiopental - Answer -c
7. The underlying disease for most cases of feline aortic thromboembolism is ______ in
origin. a. Cardiac b. Hepatic c. Renal d. Respiratory - Answer -a
8. To reduce intracranial pressure that results from trauma __________ may be
administered every 4 to 8 hours. a. Atropine b. Dexamethasone c. Diazepam d.
Mannitol - Answer -d
9. Four patients present at the same time with emergency conditions. In which order
should the patients be triaged? a. Dyspnea, dystocia, proptosis, laceration b. Proptosis,
dyspnea, dystocia, laceration c. Laceration, dystocia, dyspnea, proptosis d. Dystocia,
proptosis, laceration, dyspnea - Answer -a
10. Which of the following conditions heals best through first intention? a. Abscess b.
Degloving c. Simple laceration d. Puncture wound - Answer -c
11. A patient is experiencing cardiopulmonary arrest. The most desirable route of drug
administration is: a. Intratracheal b. Intracardiac c. Intravenous d. Intraosseous -
Answer -c
12. A patient that has been hit by a car and has no palpable pulse or detectable
heartbeat requires chest compressions. These compressions should be performed at a
rate (per minute) of: a. 60-80 compressions per minute b. 80-100 compressions per
minute c. 100-120 compressions per minute d. 120-140 compressions per minute -
Answer -c
,13. To minimize hemorrhage to the head of a canine trauma patient where should
pressure be applied? a. At the thoracic inlet in both jugular grooves b. At the thoracic
inlet of the left jugular groove c. To the area adjacent and ventral to the mandible d. To
the lateral points of the temporomandibular joint - Answer -c
14. In emergency care cases in which it is not possible to administer large volumes of
desired fluids, it may be beneficial to properly administer: a. D5W b. Hypertonic saline c.
Hypotonic saline d. Isotonic saline - Answer -b
15. During emergency intubation, the cranial nerve _______ may be stimulated,
resulting in ________________. a. I; bradycardia b. IV; tachycardia c. X; bradycardia d.
XII; tachycardia - Answer -c
16. A man phones the veterinary practice to say that he has just hit a dog with his car
and it is now lying on the side of the road. It appears to be breathing with minimal
distress; however, there is blood coming from both nostrils and there is a small river of
dark blood coming from a laceration on the lateral side of its hind leg. The dog can raise
its head and is attempting to stand. In advising the man, your recommendation is to do
all of the following except: a. Be aware for any signs of aggression b. Tie the mouth
securely closed with your shoelace c. Transport the dog on a board lying on its side d.
Apply direct pressure to the wound - Answer -b
17. A normal central venous pressure (CVP) range is: a. 0-5 cm H2O b. 5-10 cm H2O c.
10-15 cm H2O d. 15-20 cm H2O - Answer -a
18. When monitoring patients on fluids and/or patients that undergo diuresis, urine
output is an important consideration. The normal urine production for a healthy dog or
cat is approximately: a. 0-1 mL/kg/hr b. 1-2 mL/kg/hr c. 2-3 mL/kg/hr d. 3-4 mL/kg/hr -
Answer -b
19. Multiple parameters are measured to determine a category of shock that an animal
might be experiencing. The central venous pressure is high in which of the following
types of shock? a. Cardiogenic b. Distributive c. Hypovolemic d. Septic - Answer -a
20. Hypoglycemia is most common in patients that experience: a. Anaphylactic shock b.
Cardiogenic shock c. Neurogenic shock d. Septic shock - Answer -d
21. A patient has increased muscular tone in the thoracic limbs and flaccid paralysis in
the pelvic limbs when lying on his side. He is able to ambulate when placed on his feet
and has a normal mentation. What posture do these clinical signs indicate? a.
Decerebellate b. Decerebrate c. Opisthotonus d. Schiff-Sherrington - Answer -d
22. The Schiff-Sherrington posture is indicative of injury to which part of the spine? a.
Cranial-C6 b. C6-T2 c. T1-T3 d. T3-L3 - Answer -d
, 23. NSAIDs are also referred to as: a. Anti-prostaglandins b. Neoprostaglandins c. Pro-
prostaglandins d. Prostaglandoids - Answer -a
24. Which of the following is a colloid solution? a. Hetastarch b. Lactated Ringer's c.
Normosol-R d. Plasma-Lyte - Answer -a
25. Defibrillation is the passing of an electrical current through the heart to: a. Cause the
already depolarized cardiac cells to repolarize in a uniform manner b. Cause the cardiac
cells to depolarize and then repolarize in a uniform manner c. Prevent the cardiac cells
from depolarizing, thus maintaining rhythm d. Prevent any contractile activity of the
cardiac cells temporarily - Answer -b
26. Which of the following is least likely to be seen in a patient suffering from shock? a.
Hyperthermia b. Hypotension c. Tachycardia d. Tachypnea - Answer -a
27. Gastric dilatation/volvulus (GDV) is a life-threatening emergency. Which of the
following veins becomes obstructed as a result of GDV? a. Femoral vein b.
Gastroduodenal vein c. Portal vein d. Renal vein - Answer -c
28. The unit of measurement for insulin is: a. Milliliters b. Microliters c. Milligrams d.
International units - Answer -d
29. Dystocia in the dog or cat may be defined as active straining without delivery of a
fetus for more than _________ minutes. a. 20 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 40 minutes d.
60 minutes - Answer -d
30. When approaching an animal that requires emergency treatment, which direction
should one approach the patient? a. Caudal b. Lateral c. Rostral d. Let the animal try to
come to you - Answer -c
31. Ocular exposure to a toxin has occurred in a dog. On examination, it is discovered
that there is possible damage to the corneal epithelium. Which of the following
procedures is contraindicated? a. Continuous flushing with physiologic saline b.
Provision of mild sedative or analgesic or both c. Corticosteroid administration to
prevent inflammation d. Use of antibiotic cream after flushing - Answer -c
32. A client calls the veterinary practice indicating that her cat drank ethylene glycol 6
hours earlier. Everyone is at lunch, and you immediately page the veterinarian;
however, the client wants to make her cat vomit to rid it of the toxin. What should you
advise her? a. To use 3% hydrogen peroxide at 1 Tbl/20 lb b. To use salt on the back of
the tongue c. To use dry mustard powder only d. Not to induce vomiting and to bring in
the cat immediately - Answer -d
33. Eclampsia produces elevated body temperatures as a result of: a. Increased levels
of endotoxins that are present b. A large fetal mass that is present c. Heat produced
1. Which of the following is least useful when resuscitating a dog in shock? a. D5W b.
Hetastarch c. Hypertonic saline d. Plasma-Lyte - Answer -a
2. The first drug of choice for a cat that experiences status epilepticus is: a. Diazepam
b. Pentobarbital c. Potassium bromide d. Propofol - Answer -a
3. Tension pneumothorax occurs when pressure in the thoracic cavity is: a. Less than
atmospheric pressure b. Equal to atmospheric pressure c. Greater than atmospheric
pressure d. Constant as animal breathes in and out - Answer -c
4. Emesis should not be induced in patients that have ingested: a. Anticholinergics b.
Hydrocarbons c. Organophosphates d. Salicylates - Answer -b
5. The mucous membranes of a dog in septic shock are: a. Cyanotic b. Hyperemic c.
Icteric d. Pale \ - Answer -b
6. The most desirable induction agent for an emergency cesarean section in a dog is: a.
Etomidate b. Diazepam c. Propofol d. Thiopental - Answer -c
7. The underlying disease for most cases of feline aortic thromboembolism is ______ in
origin. a. Cardiac b. Hepatic c. Renal d. Respiratory - Answer -a
8. To reduce intracranial pressure that results from trauma __________ may be
administered every 4 to 8 hours. a. Atropine b. Dexamethasone c. Diazepam d.
Mannitol - Answer -d
9. Four patients present at the same time with emergency conditions. In which order
should the patients be triaged? a. Dyspnea, dystocia, proptosis, laceration b. Proptosis,
dyspnea, dystocia, laceration c. Laceration, dystocia, dyspnea, proptosis d. Dystocia,
proptosis, laceration, dyspnea - Answer -a
10. Which of the following conditions heals best through first intention? a. Abscess b.
Degloving c. Simple laceration d. Puncture wound - Answer -c
11. A patient is experiencing cardiopulmonary arrest. The most desirable route of drug
administration is: a. Intratracheal b. Intracardiac c. Intravenous d. Intraosseous -
Answer -c
12. A patient that has been hit by a car and has no palpable pulse or detectable
heartbeat requires chest compressions. These compressions should be performed at a
rate (per minute) of: a. 60-80 compressions per minute b. 80-100 compressions per
minute c. 100-120 compressions per minute d. 120-140 compressions per minute -
Answer -c
,13. To minimize hemorrhage to the head of a canine trauma patient where should
pressure be applied? a. At the thoracic inlet in both jugular grooves b. At the thoracic
inlet of the left jugular groove c. To the area adjacent and ventral to the mandible d. To
the lateral points of the temporomandibular joint - Answer -c
14. In emergency care cases in which it is not possible to administer large volumes of
desired fluids, it may be beneficial to properly administer: a. D5W b. Hypertonic saline c.
Hypotonic saline d. Isotonic saline - Answer -b
15. During emergency intubation, the cranial nerve _______ may be stimulated,
resulting in ________________. a. I; bradycardia b. IV; tachycardia c. X; bradycardia d.
XII; tachycardia - Answer -c
16. A man phones the veterinary practice to say that he has just hit a dog with his car
and it is now lying on the side of the road. It appears to be breathing with minimal
distress; however, there is blood coming from both nostrils and there is a small river of
dark blood coming from a laceration on the lateral side of its hind leg. The dog can raise
its head and is attempting to stand. In advising the man, your recommendation is to do
all of the following except: a. Be aware for any signs of aggression b. Tie the mouth
securely closed with your shoelace c. Transport the dog on a board lying on its side d.
Apply direct pressure to the wound - Answer -b
17. A normal central venous pressure (CVP) range is: a. 0-5 cm H2O b. 5-10 cm H2O c.
10-15 cm H2O d. 15-20 cm H2O - Answer -a
18. When monitoring patients on fluids and/or patients that undergo diuresis, urine
output is an important consideration. The normal urine production for a healthy dog or
cat is approximately: a. 0-1 mL/kg/hr b. 1-2 mL/kg/hr c. 2-3 mL/kg/hr d. 3-4 mL/kg/hr -
Answer -b
19. Multiple parameters are measured to determine a category of shock that an animal
might be experiencing. The central venous pressure is high in which of the following
types of shock? a. Cardiogenic b. Distributive c. Hypovolemic d. Septic - Answer -a
20. Hypoglycemia is most common in patients that experience: a. Anaphylactic shock b.
Cardiogenic shock c. Neurogenic shock d. Septic shock - Answer -d
21. A patient has increased muscular tone in the thoracic limbs and flaccid paralysis in
the pelvic limbs when lying on his side. He is able to ambulate when placed on his feet
and has a normal mentation. What posture do these clinical signs indicate? a.
Decerebellate b. Decerebrate c. Opisthotonus d. Schiff-Sherrington - Answer -d
22. The Schiff-Sherrington posture is indicative of injury to which part of the spine? a.
Cranial-C6 b. C6-T2 c. T1-T3 d. T3-L3 - Answer -d
, 23. NSAIDs are also referred to as: a. Anti-prostaglandins b. Neoprostaglandins c. Pro-
prostaglandins d. Prostaglandoids - Answer -a
24. Which of the following is a colloid solution? a. Hetastarch b. Lactated Ringer's c.
Normosol-R d. Plasma-Lyte - Answer -a
25. Defibrillation is the passing of an electrical current through the heart to: a. Cause the
already depolarized cardiac cells to repolarize in a uniform manner b. Cause the cardiac
cells to depolarize and then repolarize in a uniform manner c. Prevent the cardiac cells
from depolarizing, thus maintaining rhythm d. Prevent any contractile activity of the
cardiac cells temporarily - Answer -b
26. Which of the following is least likely to be seen in a patient suffering from shock? a.
Hyperthermia b. Hypotension c. Tachycardia d. Tachypnea - Answer -a
27. Gastric dilatation/volvulus (GDV) is a life-threatening emergency. Which of the
following veins becomes obstructed as a result of GDV? a. Femoral vein b.
Gastroduodenal vein c. Portal vein d. Renal vein - Answer -c
28. The unit of measurement for insulin is: a. Milliliters b. Microliters c. Milligrams d.
International units - Answer -d
29. Dystocia in the dog or cat may be defined as active straining without delivery of a
fetus for more than _________ minutes. a. 20 minutes b. 30 minutes c. 40 minutes d.
60 minutes - Answer -d
30. When approaching an animal that requires emergency treatment, which direction
should one approach the patient? a. Caudal b. Lateral c. Rostral d. Let the animal try to
come to you - Answer -c
31. Ocular exposure to a toxin has occurred in a dog. On examination, it is discovered
that there is possible damage to the corneal epithelium. Which of the following
procedures is contraindicated? a. Continuous flushing with physiologic saline b.
Provision of mild sedative or analgesic or both c. Corticosteroid administration to
prevent inflammation d. Use of antibiotic cream after flushing - Answer -c
32. A client calls the veterinary practice indicating that her cat drank ethylene glycol 6
hours earlier. Everyone is at lunch, and you immediately page the veterinarian;
however, the client wants to make her cat vomit to rid it of the toxin. What should you
advise her? a. To use 3% hydrogen peroxide at 1 Tbl/20 lb b. To use salt on the back of
the tongue c. To use dry mustard powder only d. Not to induce vomiting and to bring in
the cat immediately - Answer -d
33. Eclampsia produces elevated body temperatures as a result of: a. Increased levels
of endotoxins that are present b. A large fetal mass that is present c. Heat produced
