Anatomy & Physiology Module 5 – Complete Study
Guide 2025
Sarcomere - ANSWER ✨✔---the repeating unit of a myrofibril
Neuron - ANSWER ✨✔---the functional unit of the nervous system; a nerve cell
Synapse - ANSWER ✨✔---the interface between a neuron and another cell
Neurotranswermitter - ANSWER ✨✔---a chemical released by a neuron, which diffuses across the
synaptic cleft, enabling the neuron to communicate with other cells
Motor unit - ANSWER ✨✔---one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
All-or-none law of skeletal muscle contraction - ANSWER ✨✔---an individual muscle fiber contracts
maximally in response to an action potential
Sub-threshold stimulus - ANSWER ✨✔---a stimulus too small to create an action potential in a
neuron
, Theshold stimulus - ANSWER ✨✔---a stimulus strong enough to create one action potential in a
neuron
Submaximal stimulus - ANSWER ✨✔---stimuli of increasing strength that create more action
potentials along more neurons
Maximal stimulus - ANSWER ✨✔---a stimulus that is strong enough to create action potentials on
all motor neurons to a particular muscle
Muscle tone - ANSWER ✨✔---the state of partial contraction in a muscle, even when the muscle is
not being used
What are the four major functional characteristics of muscle tissue? - ANSWER ✨✔---contractility,
excitability, extensibility, and elasticity
What are the three types of muscle tissue? - ANSWER ✨✔---Skeletal muscle tissue, cardiac muscle
tissue, and smooth muscle tissue
In terms of their nuclei, skeletal muscle fibers are different than most cells in two ways. What are those
ways? - ANSWER ✨✔---Skeletal muscle is multi-nucelated, while cardiac muscle and smooth
muscle only have one nucleus. Also, skeletal muscle's nuclei are at the edge of the cell instead of the
center.
When a muscle fiber contracts, what happens to the distance between the Z disks? - ANSWER ✨✔-
--it decreases
When a muscle fiber contracts, what happens to the length of the I band? - ANSWER ✨✔---it
decreases
When a muscle fiber contracts, what happens to the length of the H zone? - ANSWER ✨✔---it
decreases
Guide 2025
Sarcomere - ANSWER ✨✔---the repeating unit of a myrofibril
Neuron - ANSWER ✨✔---the functional unit of the nervous system; a nerve cell
Synapse - ANSWER ✨✔---the interface between a neuron and another cell
Neurotranswermitter - ANSWER ✨✔---a chemical released by a neuron, which diffuses across the
synaptic cleft, enabling the neuron to communicate with other cells
Motor unit - ANSWER ✨✔---one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
All-or-none law of skeletal muscle contraction - ANSWER ✨✔---an individual muscle fiber contracts
maximally in response to an action potential
Sub-threshold stimulus - ANSWER ✨✔---a stimulus too small to create an action potential in a
neuron
, Theshold stimulus - ANSWER ✨✔---a stimulus strong enough to create one action potential in a
neuron
Submaximal stimulus - ANSWER ✨✔---stimuli of increasing strength that create more action
potentials along more neurons
Maximal stimulus - ANSWER ✨✔---a stimulus that is strong enough to create action potentials on
all motor neurons to a particular muscle
Muscle tone - ANSWER ✨✔---the state of partial contraction in a muscle, even when the muscle is
not being used
What are the four major functional characteristics of muscle tissue? - ANSWER ✨✔---contractility,
excitability, extensibility, and elasticity
What are the three types of muscle tissue? - ANSWER ✨✔---Skeletal muscle tissue, cardiac muscle
tissue, and smooth muscle tissue
In terms of their nuclei, skeletal muscle fibers are different than most cells in two ways. What are those
ways? - ANSWER ✨✔---Skeletal muscle is multi-nucelated, while cardiac muscle and smooth
muscle only have one nucleus. Also, skeletal muscle's nuclei are at the edge of the cell instead of the
center.
When a muscle fiber contracts, what happens to the distance between the Z disks? - ANSWER ✨✔-
--it decreases
When a muscle fiber contracts, what happens to the length of the I band? - ANSWER ✨✔---it
decreases
When a muscle fiber contracts, what happens to the length of the H zone? - ANSWER ✨✔---it
decreases
