ECG CPO EXAM 2025 COMPLETE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
|ALREADY PASSED!!
Save
Terms in this set (132)
Right atrium - Tricuspid valve - Right Ventricle -
What is the pattern of
Pulmonic Valve - Pulmonary Arteries - To the Lungs -
blood flow through the
Pulmonary Veins - Left atrium - Mitral Valve - Left
heart?
ventricle - Aortic valve - Aorta
This is atrial systole - The atrial kick delivers 20-30% of
What is the atrial kick? the blood volume from the atria to the ventricles. The
atria is contracting in response to the SA node
Between the parietal and visceral layers of the heart is
What is the pericardial
a potential space. It contains serious fluid (pericardial
cavity?
fluid) which reduces friction.
It is the outer surface of the heart or inner serous
What is the epicardium?
layer of the pericardial asc
It is the middle layer of the heart and it is the muscular
What is the myocardium?
layer
It is the inside layer that is nice and smooth. It helps
What is the endocardium?
the blood to flow smoothly.
, 1) Automaticity
What are the five unique 2) Rhythmicity
properties of myocardial 3) Conductivity
tissue? 4) Contractility
5) Excitability
It refers to their ability to initiate an impulse without an
What does 'automaticity'
external source of stimulation
of cardiac cells refer to?
It works without your brain instructing it to
Phase 4: Resting membrane potential. Inside the cell
is a high concentration of K+. In this stage, K+ gates
open and it starts to leak out.
Phase 0: Depolarization phase. Na+ enters the cell via
fast sodium channels - making the inside of the cell
positive. K+ gates close.
How is the action Phase 1: Early repolarization - fast sodium channels
potential generated? close
Phase 2: Plateau phase - calcium moves into the cell,
causing the cardiac contraction along with the
sodium. The influx helps to maintain the positive
charge over this time period.
Phase 3: Repolarization - K+ moves into the cell via
the pump and the RMP is re-established
What does the It means that impulses are formed at regular intervals.
'rhythmicity' of the cardiac The sodium and potassium move at regular rates and
cells refer to then the cycle is repeated - its regular
What does the Electrical impulses travel quickly through the heart.
'conductivity' of the Intercalated discs contain gap junctions that speed up
cardiac cells refer to? the conduction.
The cardiac fibers are arranged in a circular pattern.
Shortening of them reduces the chamber size and
What does the
increases chamber pressure. The contraction action
'contractility' of the heart
produces the pumping effect of the heart. To increase
refer to?
the force of contraction, fibers must shorten even
more.
, The ability of the heart to respond to outside stimuli?
It can initiate an impulse (automaticity), but it is also
What does 'excitability'
affected by external neurotransmitters, hormones and
refer to?
meds that can increase the rte and strength of
contraction of the heart
What are your SNS They are adrenergic receptors: beta 1 receptors
receptors?
What are the PNS They are cholinergic receptors: Muscarinic receptors
receptors?
What is the main SA node (60-100 bpm)
pacemaker of the heart?
What is the rate?
Where is the SA node Right atrial epicardium, near the opening of the SVC
located?
It runs along the intra-atrial tracts/internodal tracts.
Where does the impulse
This carries the impulse throughout the right atria. It
go after the SA node
will also go thru bachmann's bundle so that it can
initiates it?
reach the left atrium.
What is after the intra- The AV node
atrial tracts in the
conduction pathway?
It filters out excess impulse from the atria, so that they
What does the AV node
don't reach the ventricles. It also delays the impulse
do?
for 0.08-0.12 sec, which allows for the atrial kick.
Following the AV node, It does to the AV junction. It lies between the AV node
the conduction pathway and Bundle of His. It will carry the impulse quickly. It
goes to what part next? can also act as a backup pacemaker if the SA node
What does this part do? fails.
What is the rate of the AV 40-60 bpm
junction, as a pacemaker?
`What does the bundle of Carries impulses rapidly from AV junction to the right
His do? and left bundle branches
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
|ALREADY PASSED!!
Save
Terms in this set (132)
Right atrium - Tricuspid valve - Right Ventricle -
What is the pattern of
Pulmonic Valve - Pulmonary Arteries - To the Lungs -
blood flow through the
Pulmonary Veins - Left atrium - Mitral Valve - Left
heart?
ventricle - Aortic valve - Aorta
This is atrial systole - The atrial kick delivers 20-30% of
What is the atrial kick? the blood volume from the atria to the ventricles. The
atria is contracting in response to the SA node
Between the parietal and visceral layers of the heart is
What is the pericardial
a potential space. It contains serious fluid (pericardial
cavity?
fluid) which reduces friction.
It is the outer surface of the heart or inner serous
What is the epicardium?
layer of the pericardial asc
It is the middle layer of the heart and it is the muscular
What is the myocardium?
layer
It is the inside layer that is nice and smooth. It helps
What is the endocardium?
the blood to flow smoothly.
, 1) Automaticity
What are the five unique 2) Rhythmicity
properties of myocardial 3) Conductivity
tissue? 4) Contractility
5) Excitability
It refers to their ability to initiate an impulse without an
What does 'automaticity'
external source of stimulation
of cardiac cells refer to?
It works without your brain instructing it to
Phase 4: Resting membrane potential. Inside the cell
is a high concentration of K+. In this stage, K+ gates
open and it starts to leak out.
Phase 0: Depolarization phase. Na+ enters the cell via
fast sodium channels - making the inside of the cell
positive. K+ gates close.
How is the action Phase 1: Early repolarization - fast sodium channels
potential generated? close
Phase 2: Plateau phase - calcium moves into the cell,
causing the cardiac contraction along with the
sodium. The influx helps to maintain the positive
charge over this time period.
Phase 3: Repolarization - K+ moves into the cell via
the pump and the RMP is re-established
What does the It means that impulses are formed at regular intervals.
'rhythmicity' of the cardiac The sodium and potassium move at regular rates and
cells refer to then the cycle is repeated - its regular
What does the Electrical impulses travel quickly through the heart.
'conductivity' of the Intercalated discs contain gap junctions that speed up
cardiac cells refer to? the conduction.
The cardiac fibers are arranged in a circular pattern.
Shortening of them reduces the chamber size and
What does the
increases chamber pressure. The contraction action
'contractility' of the heart
produces the pumping effect of the heart. To increase
refer to?
the force of contraction, fibers must shorten even
more.
, The ability of the heart to respond to outside stimuli?
It can initiate an impulse (automaticity), but it is also
What does 'excitability'
affected by external neurotransmitters, hormones and
refer to?
meds that can increase the rte and strength of
contraction of the heart
What are your SNS They are adrenergic receptors: beta 1 receptors
receptors?
What are the PNS They are cholinergic receptors: Muscarinic receptors
receptors?
What is the main SA node (60-100 bpm)
pacemaker of the heart?
What is the rate?
Where is the SA node Right atrial epicardium, near the opening of the SVC
located?
It runs along the intra-atrial tracts/internodal tracts.
Where does the impulse
This carries the impulse throughout the right atria. It
go after the SA node
will also go thru bachmann's bundle so that it can
initiates it?
reach the left atrium.
What is after the intra- The AV node
atrial tracts in the
conduction pathway?
It filters out excess impulse from the atria, so that they
What does the AV node
don't reach the ventricles. It also delays the impulse
do?
for 0.08-0.12 sec, which allows for the atrial kick.
Following the AV node, It does to the AV junction. It lies between the AV node
the conduction pathway and Bundle of His. It will carry the impulse quickly. It
goes to what part next? can also act as a backup pacemaker if the SA node
What does this part do? fails.
What is the rate of the AV 40-60 bpm
junction, as a pacemaker?
`What does the bundle of Carries impulses rapidly from AV junction to the right
His do? and left bundle branches
