MED SURG HESI PRACTICE QUESTIONS WIT
ANSWERS
Which cdescription cof csymptoms cis ccharacteristic cof ca cclient cdiagnosed cwith ctrigeminal cneuralg
A) cTinnitus, cvertigo, cand chearing cdifficulties. c
B) cSudden, cstabbing, csevere cpain cover cthe clip cand cchin. c
C) cFacial cweakness cand cparalysis. c
D) cDifficulty cin cchewing, ctalking, cand cswallowing. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔B) cSudden, cstabbing, cs
cchin. c
Trigeminal cneuralgia cis ccharacterized cby cparoxysms cof cpain, csimilar cto can celectric cshock, cin ct
cmore cbranches cof cthe ctrigeminal cnerve c(5th ccranial) c(B). c(A) cwould cbe ccharacteristic cof cMéni
cnerve). c(C) cwould cbe ccharacteristic cof cBell's cpalsy c(7th ccranial cnerve). c(D) cwould cbe ccharacte
chypoglossal ccranial cnerve c(12th).
A c67-year-old cwoman cwho clives calone cis cadmitted cafter ctripping con ca crug cin cher chome cand cf
cpredisposing cfactor cprobably cled cto cthe cfracture cin cthe cproximal cend cof cher cfemur?
A) cFailing ceyesight cresulting cin can cunsafe cenvironment. c
B) cRenal costeodystrophy cresulting cfrom cchronic crenal cfailure. c
C) cOsteoporosis cresulting cfrom chormonal cchanges. c
D) cCardiovascular cchanges cresulting cin csmall cstrokes cwhich cimpair cmental cacuity. c- cCORREC
cresulting cfrom chormonal cchanges. c
,C) cTry cnot cto cworry ctoo cmuch cabout cit, cbecause cusually, cmost clumps care cbenign. c
D) cIf cyou care cin cyour cmenstrual cperiod cit cis cnot ca cgood ctime cto ccheck cfor clumps. c- cCORREC
cbenign, cbut cit cis calways cbest cto ccome cin cfor can cexamination. c
(B) cprovides cthe cbest cresponse cbecause cit caddresses cthe cclient's canxiety cmost ceffectively cand
cimmediate caction cfor ca cpotential cproblem. c(A) cpostpones ctreatment cif cthe clump cis cmalignant, c
cclient's canxiety. c(C cand cD) cprovide cfalse creassurance cand cdo cnot chelp crelieve canxiety.
A cfemale cclient cis cbrought cto cthe cclinic cby cher cdaughter cfor ca cflu cshot. cShe chas clost csignifica
cShe chas cpoor cpersonal chygiene cand cinadequate cclothing cfor cthe cweather. cThe cclient cstates ct
cdenies cproblems cor cconcerns. cWhat caction cshould cthe cnurse cimplement?
A) cNotify csocial cservices cimmediately cof csuspected celderly cabuse. c
B) cDiscuss cthe cneed cfor cmental chealth ccounseling cwith cthe cdaughter. c
C) cExplain cto cthe cclient cthat cshe cneeds cto ctake cbetter ccare cof cherself. c
D) cCollect cfurther cdata cto cdetermine cwhether cself-neglect cis coccurring. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔D
cdetermine cwhether cself-neglect cis coccurring.
Changes cin cweight cand chygiene cmay cbe cindicators cof cself-neglect cor cneglect cby cfamily cmemb
cneeded c(D) cbefore cnotifying csocial cservices c(A) cor cdiscussing ca cneed cfor ccounseling c(B). cUn
cobtained, cexplanations cabout cthe cclient's cneeds care cpremature c(C).
A cclient cis cadmitted cto cthe cmedical cintensive ccare cunit cwith ca cdiagnosis cof cmyocardial cinfarcti
cindicates cthe cinfarction coccurred cten chours cago. cWhich claboratory ctest cresult cshould cthe cnurs
A) cElevated cLDH. c
B) cElevated cserum camylase. c
C) cElevated cCK-MB. c
D) cElevated chematocrit. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔C) cElevated cCK-MB. c
The ccardiac cisoenzyme cCK-MB c(C) cis cthe cmost csensitive cand cmost creliable cindicator cof cmyoc
ccardiac cenzymes. cIt cpeaks cwithin c12 cto c20 chours cafter cmyocardial cinfarction c(MI). c(A) cis ca cca
caround c48 chours cafter can cMI. c(B) cis cexpected cwith cacute cpancreatitis. c(D) cwould cbe cexpecte
cvolume cdeficit, cwhich cis cnot ca ctypical cfinding cin cMI.
A csplint cis cprescribed cfor cnighttime cuse cby ca cclient cwith crheumatoid carthritis. cWhich cstatemen
cmost caccurate cexplanation cfor cuse cof cthe csplints?
A) cPrevention cof cdeformities. c
B) cAvoidance cof cjoint ctrauma. c
C) cRelief cof cjoint cinflammation. c
D) cImprovement cin cjoint cstrength. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A) cPrevention cof cdeformities. c
Splints cmay cbe cused cat cnight cby cclients cwith crheumatoid carthritis cto cprevent cdeformities c(A) cc
ccontractures. cSplints care cnot cused cfor c(B). c(C) cis cusually ctreated cwith cmedications, cparticularl
steroidal cantiinflammatory cdrugs c(NSAIDs). cFor c(D), ca cprescribed cexercise cprogram cis cindicate
The cnurse cshould cbe ccorrect cin cwithholding ca cdose cof cdigoxin cin ca cclient cwith ccongestive chea
cinstruction cfrom cthe chealthcare cprovider cif cthe cclient's
A) cserum cdigoxin clevel cis c1.5. c
B) cblood cpressure cis c104/68. c
C) cserum cpotassium clevel cis c3. c
D) capical cpulse cis c68/min. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔C) cserum cpotassium clevel cis c3. c
Hypokalemia c(C) ccan cprecipitate cdigitalis ctoxicity cin cpersons creceiving cdigoxin cwhich cwill cincre
cdysrhythmias c(normal cpotassium clevel cis c3.5 cto c5.5 cmEq/L). cThe ctherapeutic crange cfor cdigox
clevels= c>2 cng/ml); c(A) cis cwithin cthis crange. c(B) cwould cnot cwarrant cthe cnurse cwithholding cthe
cwithhold cthe cdigoxin cif cthe capical cpulse cis cless cthan c60/min c(D).
, Yellow cis cthe ceasiest cfor ca cperson cwith cfailing cvision cto csee c(D). c(A) cwill cbe calmost cimpossib
cthe cshadows cof cthe csteps cwill cbe ctoo cdifficult cto cdetermine, cand cwould cpose ca csafety chazard
ca cglare cfrom cthe csun cand cit ccould churt cthe ceyes cin cthe cdaytime cto clook cat cthem. c(C) cis ca cp
celderly cclients cto csee.
The cnurse cis cassessing ca cclient cwith cbacterial cmeningitis. cWhich cassessment cfinding cindicates
cdeveloped cseptic cemboli?
A) cCyanosis cof cthe cfingertips. c
B) cBradycardia cand cbradypnea. c
C) cPresence cof cS3 cand cS4 cheart csounds. c
D) c3+ cpitting cedema cof cthe clower cextremities. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A) cCyanosis cof cthe cfinger
Septic cemboli csecondary cto cmeningitis ccommonly clodge cin cthe csmall carterioles cof cthe cextremit
ccirculation cto cthe chands c(A) cwhich cmay clead cto cgangrene. c(B, cC, cand cD) care cabnormal cfindin
cdevelopment cof cseptic cemboli.
In cassessing ca cclient cdiagnosed cwith cprimary chyperaldosteronism, cthe cnurse cexpects cthe clabo
ca cdecreased cserum clevel cof cwhich csubstance?
A) cSodium. c
B) cAntidiuretic chormone. c
C) cPotassium. c
D) cGlucose. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔C) cPotassium. c
Clients cwith cprimary caldosteronism cexhibit ca cprofound cdecline cin cthe cserum clevels cof cpotassiu
hypertension cis cthe cmost cprominent cand cuniversal csign. c(A) cis cnormal cor celevated, cdepending
creabsorbed cwith cthe csodium. c(B) cis cdecreased cwith cdiabetes cinsipidus. c(D) cis cnot caffected cby
A cclient cwith cdiabetes cmellitus cis cexperiencing cpolyphagia. cWhich coutcome cstatement cis cthe cp
A) cFluid cand celectrolyte cbalance. c
B) cPrevention cof cwater ctoxicity. c
C) cReduced cglucose cin cthe curine. c
D) cAdequate ccellular cnourishment. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔D) cAdequate ccellular cnourishment. c
Diabetes cmellitus cType c1 cis ccharacterized cby chyperglycemia cthat cprecipitates cglucosuria cand c
cpolydipsia c(excessive cthirst), cand cpolyphagia c(excessive chunger). cPolyphagia cis ca cconsequenc
cwhen cinsulin cdeficiency cprevents cutilization cof cglucose cfor cenergy, cso cthe coutcome cstatement
cadequate ccellular cnutrition c(D). c(A, cB, cand cC) crelate cto csubsequent cosmolar cfluid cshifts crelate
cpolydipsia.
Based con cthe canalysis cof cthe cclient's catrial cfibrillation, cthe cnurse cshould cprepare cthe cclient cfor
A) cDiuretic ctherapy. c
B) cPacemaker cimplantation. c
C) cAnticoagulation ctherapy. c
D) cCardiac ccatheterization. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔C) cAnticoagulation ctherapy. c
The cclient cis cexperiencing catrial cfibrillation, cand cthe cnurse cshould cprepare cthe cclient cfor cantico
cshould cbe cprescribed cbefore crhythm ccontrol ctherapies cto cprevent ccardioembolic cevents cwhich
cthe cfibrillating catria. c(A, cB, cand cD) care cnot cindicated.
Which cinformation cabout cmammograms cis cmost cimportant cto cprovide ca cpost-menopausal cfema
A) cBreast cself-examinations care cnot cneeded cif cannual cmammograms care cobtained. c
B) cRadiation cexposure cis cminimized cby cshielding cthe cabdomen cwith ca clead-lined capron. c
C) cYearly cmammograms cshould cbe cdone cregardless cof cprevious cnormal cx-rays. c
D) cWomen cat chigh crisk cshould chave cannual croutine cand cultrasound cmammograms. c- cCORRE
ANSWERS
Which cdescription cof csymptoms cis ccharacteristic cof ca cclient cdiagnosed cwith ctrigeminal cneuralg
A) cTinnitus, cvertigo, cand chearing cdifficulties. c
B) cSudden, cstabbing, csevere cpain cover cthe clip cand cchin. c
C) cFacial cweakness cand cparalysis. c
D) cDifficulty cin cchewing, ctalking, cand cswallowing. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔B) cSudden, cstabbing, cs
cchin. c
Trigeminal cneuralgia cis ccharacterized cby cparoxysms cof cpain, csimilar cto can celectric cshock, cin ct
cmore cbranches cof cthe ctrigeminal cnerve c(5th ccranial) c(B). c(A) cwould cbe ccharacteristic cof cMéni
cnerve). c(C) cwould cbe ccharacteristic cof cBell's cpalsy c(7th ccranial cnerve). c(D) cwould cbe ccharacte
chypoglossal ccranial cnerve c(12th).
A c67-year-old cwoman cwho clives calone cis cadmitted cafter ctripping con ca crug cin cher chome cand cf
cpredisposing cfactor cprobably cled cto cthe cfracture cin cthe cproximal cend cof cher cfemur?
A) cFailing ceyesight cresulting cin can cunsafe cenvironment. c
B) cRenal costeodystrophy cresulting cfrom cchronic crenal cfailure. c
C) cOsteoporosis cresulting cfrom chormonal cchanges. c
D) cCardiovascular cchanges cresulting cin csmall cstrokes cwhich cimpair cmental cacuity. c- cCORREC
cresulting cfrom chormonal cchanges. c
,C) cTry cnot cto cworry ctoo cmuch cabout cit, cbecause cusually, cmost clumps care cbenign. c
D) cIf cyou care cin cyour cmenstrual cperiod cit cis cnot ca cgood ctime cto ccheck cfor clumps. c- cCORREC
cbenign, cbut cit cis calways cbest cto ccome cin cfor can cexamination. c
(B) cprovides cthe cbest cresponse cbecause cit caddresses cthe cclient's canxiety cmost ceffectively cand
cimmediate caction cfor ca cpotential cproblem. c(A) cpostpones ctreatment cif cthe clump cis cmalignant, c
cclient's canxiety. c(C cand cD) cprovide cfalse creassurance cand cdo cnot chelp crelieve canxiety.
A cfemale cclient cis cbrought cto cthe cclinic cby cher cdaughter cfor ca cflu cshot. cShe chas clost csignifica
cShe chas cpoor cpersonal chygiene cand cinadequate cclothing cfor cthe cweather. cThe cclient cstates ct
cdenies cproblems cor cconcerns. cWhat caction cshould cthe cnurse cimplement?
A) cNotify csocial cservices cimmediately cof csuspected celderly cabuse. c
B) cDiscuss cthe cneed cfor cmental chealth ccounseling cwith cthe cdaughter. c
C) cExplain cto cthe cclient cthat cshe cneeds cto ctake cbetter ccare cof cherself. c
D) cCollect cfurther cdata cto cdetermine cwhether cself-neglect cis coccurring. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔D
cdetermine cwhether cself-neglect cis coccurring.
Changes cin cweight cand chygiene cmay cbe cindicators cof cself-neglect cor cneglect cby cfamily cmemb
cneeded c(D) cbefore cnotifying csocial cservices c(A) cor cdiscussing ca cneed cfor ccounseling c(B). cUn
cobtained, cexplanations cabout cthe cclient's cneeds care cpremature c(C).
A cclient cis cadmitted cto cthe cmedical cintensive ccare cunit cwith ca cdiagnosis cof cmyocardial cinfarcti
cindicates cthe cinfarction coccurred cten chours cago. cWhich claboratory ctest cresult cshould cthe cnurs
A) cElevated cLDH. c
B) cElevated cserum camylase. c
C) cElevated cCK-MB. c
D) cElevated chematocrit. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔C) cElevated cCK-MB. c
The ccardiac cisoenzyme cCK-MB c(C) cis cthe cmost csensitive cand cmost creliable cindicator cof cmyoc
ccardiac cenzymes. cIt cpeaks cwithin c12 cto c20 chours cafter cmyocardial cinfarction c(MI). c(A) cis ca cca
caround c48 chours cafter can cMI. c(B) cis cexpected cwith cacute cpancreatitis. c(D) cwould cbe cexpecte
cvolume cdeficit, cwhich cis cnot ca ctypical cfinding cin cMI.
A csplint cis cprescribed cfor cnighttime cuse cby ca cclient cwith crheumatoid carthritis. cWhich cstatemen
cmost caccurate cexplanation cfor cuse cof cthe csplints?
A) cPrevention cof cdeformities. c
B) cAvoidance cof cjoint ctrauma. c
C) cRelief cof cjoint cinflammation. c
D) cImprovement cin cjoint cstrength. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A) cPrevention cof cdeformities. c
Splints cmay cbe cused cat cnight cby cclients cwith crheumatoid carthritis cto cprevent cdeformities c(A) cc
ccontractures. cSplints care cnot cused cfor c(B). c(C) cis cusually ctreated cwith cmedications, cparticularl
steroidal cantiinflammatory cdrugs c(NSAIDs). cFor c(D), ca cprescribed cexercise cprogram cis cindicate
The cnurse cshould cbe ccorrect cin cwithholding ca cdose cof cdigoxin cin ca cclient cwith ccongestive chea
cinstruction cfrom cthe chealthcare cprovider cif cthe cclient's
A) cserum cdigoxin clevel cis c1.5. c
B) cblood cpressure cis c104/68. c
C) cserum cpotassium clevel cis c3. c
D) capical cpulse cis c68/min. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔C) cserum cpotassium clevel cis c3. c
Hypokalemia c(C) ccan cprecipitate cdigitalis ctoxicity cin cpersons creceiving cdigoxin cwhich cwill cincre
cdysrhythmias c(normal cpotassium clevel cis c3.5 cto c5.5 cmEq/L). cThe ctherapeutic crange cfor cdigox
clevels= c>2 cng/ml); c(A) cis cwithin cthis crange. c(B) cwould cnot cwarrant cthe cnurse cwithholding cthe
cwithhold cthe cdigoxin cif cthe capical cpulse cis cless cthan c60/min c(D).
, Yellow cis cthe ceasiest cfor ca cperson cwith cfailing cvision cto csee c(D). c(A) cwill cbe calmost cimpossib
cthe cshadows cof cthe csteps cwill cbe ctoo cdifficult cto cdetermine, cand cwould cpose ca csafety chazard
ca cglare cfrom cthe csun cand cit ccould churt cthe ceyes cin cthe cdaytime cto clook cat cthem. c(C) cis ca cp
celderly cclients cto csee.
The cnurse cis cassessing ca cclient cwith cbacterial cmeningitis. cWhich cassessment cfinding cindicates
cdeveloped cseptic cemboli?
A) cCyanosis cof cthe cfingertips. c
B) cBradycardia cand cbradypnea. c
C) cPresence cof cS3 cand cS4 cheart csounds. c
D) c3+ cpitting cedema cof cthe clower cextremities. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔A) cCyanosis cof cthe cfinger
Septic cemboli csecondary cto cmeningitis ccommonly clodge cin cthe csmall carterioles cof cthe cextremit
ccirculation cto cthe chands c(A) cwhich cmay clead cto cgangrene. c(B, cC, cand cD) care cabnormal cfindin
cdevelopment cof cseptic cemboli.
In cassessing ca cclient cdiagnosed cwith cprimary chyperaldosteronism, cthe cnurse cexpects cthe clabo
ca cdecreased cserum clevel cof cwhich csubstance?
A) cSodium. c
B) cAntidiuretic chormone. c
C) cPotassium. c
D) cGlucose. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔C) cPotassium. c
Clients cwith cprimary caldosteronism cexhibit ca cprofound cdecline cin cthe cserum clevels cof cpotassiu
hypertension cis cthe cmost cprominent cand cuniversal csign. c(A) cis cnormal cor celevated, cdepending
creabsorbed cwith cthe csodium. c(B) cis cdecreased cwith cdiabetes cinsipidus. c(D) cis cnot caffected cby
A cclient cwith cdiabetes cmellitus cis cexperiencing cpolyphagia. cWhich coutcome cstatement cis cthe cp
A) cFluid cand celectrolyte cbalance. c
B) cPrevention cof cwater ctoxicity. c
C) cReduced cglucose cin cthe curine. c
D) cAdequate ccellular cnourishment. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔D) cAdequate ccellular cnourishment. c
Diabetes cmellitus cType c1 cis ccharacterized cby chyperglycemia cthat cprecipitates cglucosuria cand c
cpolydipsia c(excessive cthirst), cand cpolyphagia c(excessive chunger). cPolyphagia cis ca cconsequenc
cwhen cinsulin cdeficiency cprevents cutilization cof cglucose cfor cenergy, cso cthe coutcome cstatement
cadequate ccellular cnutrition c(D). c(A, cB, cand cC) crelate cto csubsequent cosmolar cfluid cshifts crelate
cpolydipsia.
Based con cthe canalysis cof cthe cclient's catrial cfibrillation, cthe cnurse cshould cprepare cthe cclient cfor
A) cDiuretic ctherapy. c
B) cPacemaker cimplantation. c
C) cAnticoagulation ctherapy. c
D) cCardiac ccatheterization. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔C) cAnticoagulation ctherapy. c
The cclient cis cexperiencing catrial cfibrillation, cand cthe cnurse cshould cprepare cthe cclient cfor cantico
cshould cbe cprescribed cbefore crhythm ccontrol ctherapies cto cprevent ccardioembolic cevents cwhich
cthe cfibrillating catria. c(A, cB, cand cD) care cnot cindicated.
Which cinformation cabout cmammograms cis cmost cimportant cto cprovide ca cpost-menopausal cfema
A) cBreast cself-examinations care cnot cneeded cif cannual cmammograms care cobtained. c
B) cRadiation cexposure cis cminimized cby cshielding cthe cabdomen cwith ca clead-lined capron. c
C) cYearly cmammograms cshould cbe cdone cregardless cof cprevious cnormal cx-rays. c
D) cWomen cat chigh crisk cshould chave cannual croutine cand cultrasound cmammograms. c- cCORRE
