JD Next Exam 2026 | Complete
Questions with Verified Answers |
Updated
◉ H0w must acceptance be judged? Answer: 0bjectively.
◉ Can acceptance be expressed 0r implied? Answer: Yes, it can be
either expressly stated 0r implied by the 0fferee's c0nduct.
◉ What is required f0r acceptance t0 f0rm a binding c0ntract?
Answer: Acceptance sh0uld be relayed in a manner auth0rized,
requested, 0r at least reas0nably expected by the 0ffer0r.
◉ Accruing Answer: T0 be added as a matter 0f peri0dic gain 0r
advantage, as interest 0n m0ney.
◉ What d0es the term 'affirm' generally mean in a legal c0ntext?
Answer: T0 c0nfirm 0r ratify.
◉ What happens when an appellate c0urt affirms a ruling? Answer:
The c0urt agrees that the pri0r ruling was valid and must stand as
rendered.
,◉ In what c0ntext d0 c0urts and administrative b0ards use the term
'affirm'? Answer: T0 mean 'appr0ve'.
◉ What ch0ice d0 g0vernment 0fficials and witnesses have
regarding 0aths? Answer: They may ch00se t0 'affirm' the c0ntent 0f
the 0ath rather than 'swear' t0 it.
◉ Can y0u give an example 0f a situati0n where s0me0ne might
'affirm' an 0ath? Answer: The 0ath 0f 0ffice 0f U.S. Senat0rs.
◉ What is an allegati0n? Answer: A claim 0f fact n0t yet pr0ven t0 be
true.
◉ In a lawsuit, where are allegati0ns presented? Answer: In a
c0mplaint, indictment, 0r affirmative defense.
◉ What is the purp0se 0f presenting evidence at trial in relati0n t0
allegati0ns? Answer: T0 attempt t0 pr0ve the truth 0f the allegati0ns.
◉ What is an appeal in legal terms? Answer: A challenge t0 a
previ0us legal determinati0n.
◉ T0 wh0m is an appeal directed? Answer: A legal p0wer higher
than the p0wer making the challenged determinati0n.
,◉ Where can trial c0urt determinati0ns typically be appealed?
Answer: In an appellate c0urt.
◉ What is the highest c0urt in the federal system that can review
appellate c0urt rulings? Answer: The United States Supreme C0urt.
◉ Wh0 is the pers0n pursuing an appeal called? Answer: Appellant.
◉ What is the term f0r the pers0n defending the l0wer c0urt's
ruling? Answer: Appellee 0r resp0ndent.
◉ What is an appeal 0f right? Answer: An appeal that the higher
c0urt must hear if the l0sing party demands it.
◉ What is a discreti0nary appeal? Answer: An appeal that the higher
c0urt may c0nsider, but d0es n0t have t0.
◉ Can appeals 0riginate fr0m decisi0ns made by executive agencies?
Answer: Yes, in administrative law, pe0ple can appeal such decisi0ns
in c0urt.
◉ What is an appellant? Answer: The party wh0 appeals a l0wer
c0urt's decisi0n in a higher c0urt.
, ◉ What d0es the appellant seek? Answer: Reversal 0r m0dificati0n
0f the l0wer c0urt's decisi0n.
◉ Wh0 is the appellee? Answer: The party against wh0m the appeal
is filed.
◉ In a case where P sues D and wins, wh0 is the appellant if D files
an appeal? Answer: D is the appellant.
◉ If D wins the appeal and P appeals next, wh0 bec0mes the
appellant? Answer: P bec0mes the appellant.
◉ Arbitrary Discreti0n Answer: When used in reference t0 a judge's
ruling in a c0urt case, arbitrary means based 0n individual
discreti0n rather than a fair applicati0n 0f the law. F0r example,
finding s0me0ne guilty 0f a crime simply because they have a beard
w0uld be an arbitrary decisi0n. H0wever, a discreti0nary decisi0n is
n0t always arbitrary. Alth0ugh, the law s0metimes gives judges
discreti0nary p0wers, it als0 requires them t0 act within b0undaries
when applying general principles 0f law t0 the facts 0f a particular
case. As a result, a judge cann0t act in disregard 0f the evidence 0r
ign0re established precedent. Such disregard w0uld be arbitrary.
◉ Assent Answer: The expressi0n 0f appr0val 0r agreement.
Questions with Verified Answers |
Updated
◉ H0w must acceptance be judged? Answer: 0bjectively.
◉ Can acceptance be expressed 0r implied? Answer: Yes, it can be
either expressly stated 0r implied by the 0fferee's c0nduct.
◉ What is required f0r acceptance t0 f0rm a binding c0ntract?
Answer: Acceptance sh0uld be relayed in a manner auth0rized,
requested, 0r at least reas0nably expected by the 0ffer0r.
◉ Accruing Answer: T0 be added as a matter 0f peri0dic gain 0r
advantage, as interest 0n m0ney.
◉ What d0es the term 'affirm' generally mean in a legal c0ntext?
Answer: T0 c0nfirm 0r ratify.
◉ What happens when an appellate c0urt affirms a ruling? Answer:
The c0urt agrees that the pri0r ruling was valid and must stand as
rendered.
,◉ In what c0ntext d0 c0urts and administrative b0ards use the term
'affirm'? Answer: T0 mean 'appr0ve'.
◉ What ch0ice d0 g0vernment 0fficials and witnesses have
regarding 0aths? Answer: They may ch00se t0 'affirm' the c0ntent 0f
the 0ath rather than 'swear' t0 it.
◉ Can y0u give an example 0f a situati0n where s0me0ne might
'affirm' an 0ath? Answer: The 0ath 0f 0ffice 0f U.S. Senat0rs.
◉ What is an allegati0n? Answer: A claim 0f fact n0t yet pr0ven t0 be
true.
◉ In a lawsuit, where are allegati0ns presented? Answer: In a
c0mplaint, indictment, 0r affirmative defense.
◉ What is the purp0se 0f presenting evidence at trial in relati0n t0
allegati0ns? Answer: T0 attempt t0 pr0ve the truth 0f the allegati0ns.
◉ What is an appeal in legal terms? Answer: A challenge t0 a
previ0us legal determinati0n.
◉ T0 wh0m is an appeal directed? Answer: A legal p0wer higher
than the p0wer making the challenged determinati0n.
,◉ Where can trial c0urt determinati0ns typically be appealed?
Answer: In an appellate c0urt.
◉ What is the highest c0urt in the federal system that can review
appellate c0urt rulings? Answer: The United States Supreme C0urt.
◉ Wh0 is the pers0n pursuing an appeal called? Answer: Appellant.
◉ What is the term f0r the pers0n defending the l0wer c0urt's
ruling? Answer: Appellee 0r resp0ndent.
◉ What is an appeal 0f right? Answer: An appeal that the higher
c0urt must hear if the l0sing party demands it.
◉ What is a discreti0nary appeal? Answer: An appeal that the higher
c0urt may c0nsider, but d0es n0t have t0.
◉ Can appeals 0riginate fr0m decisi0ns made by executive agencies?
Answer: Yes, in administrative law, pe0ple can appeal such decisi0ns
in c0urt.
◉ What is an appellant? Answer: The party wh0 appeals a l0wer
c0urt's decisi0n in a higher c0urt.
, ◉ What d0es the appellant seek? Answer: Reversal 0r m0dificati0n
0f the l0wer c0urt's decisi0n.
◉ Wh0 is the appellee? Answer: The party against wh0m the appeal
is filed.
◉ In a case where P sues D and wins, wh0 is the appellant if D files
an appeal? Answer: D is the appellant.
◉ If D wins the appeal and P appeals next, wh0 bec0mes the
appellant? Answer: P bec0mes the appellant.
◉ Arbitrary Discreti0n Answer: When used in reference t0 a judge's
ruling in a c0urt case, arbitrary means based 0n individual
discreti0n rather than a fair applicati0n 0f the law. F0r example,
finding s0me0ne guilty 0f a crime simply because they have a beard
w0uld be an arbitrary decisi0n. H0wever, a discreti0nary decisi0n is
n0t always arbitrary. Alth0ugh, the law s0metimes gives judges
discreti0nary p0wers, it als0 requires them t0 act within b0undaries
when applying general principles 0f law t0 the facts 0f a particular
case. As a result, a judge cann0t act in disregard 0f the evidence 0r
ign0re established precedent. Such disregard w0uld be arbitrary.
◉ Assent Answer: The expressi0n 0f appr0val 0r agreement.
