GCSE AQA SCIENCE CHEMISTRY TEST BANK
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VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026
◉atom . Answer: the smallest component of an element having the
chemical properties of the element
◉periodic table . Answer: a table of the chemical elements arranged in
order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar
atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in
vertical columns.
◉compound . Answer: A substance made up of atoms of two or more
different elements joined by chemical bonds
◉electron . Answer: A tiny, negatively charged particle that moves
around the nucleus of an atom.
◉nucleus . Answer: A region that is located at the centre of an atom and
contains most of the atom's mass (protons and neutrons)
,◉proton . Answer: A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and
that is found in the nucleus of an atom
◉neutron . Answer: A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is
found in the nucleus of an atom
◉atomic number . Answer: The number of protons in the nucleus of an
atom
◉atomic mass . Answer: The average mass of all the isotopes of an
element
◉mixture . Answer: A combination of two or more substances that are
*not* chemically combined
◉chemical reaction . Answer: the process by which one or more
substances change to produce one or more different substances
◉mass . Answer: A measure of the amount of matter in an object
◉(g) . Answer: indicates that a substance in a chemical equation is a gas
◉(s) . Answer: indicates that a substance in a chemical equation is a
solid
,◉(aq) . Answer: indicates that a substance in a chemical equation is
dissolved in solution
◉(l) . Answer: indicates that a substance in a chemical equation is a
liquid
◉chemical formula . Answer: A combination of chemical symbols and
numbers to represent a substance
◉chemical equation . Answer: A representation of a chemical reaction
that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the
products
◉chromatography . Answer: A technique that is used to separate the
components of a mixture based on the tendency of each component to
travel or be drawn across the surface of another material.
◉filtration . Answer: A process that separates materials based on the size
of their particles.
◉distillation . Answer: A process used to separate dissolved solids from
a liquid, which is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a
liquid
, ◉crystallization . Answer: A separation technique that produces pure
solid particles of a substance from a solution that contains the dissolved
substance.
◉leibig condenser . Answer: Glassware used to condense water vapour,
that consists of two tubes one inside the other with space between for
circulation of water.
◉fractional distillation . Answer: The separation of the components in a
mixture of liquids having different boiling points by vaporization.
◉John Dalton . Answer: English chemist who developed the Atomic
theory of matter through an experiment of gases. His theory states: A)
All elements are composed of atoms and atoms can't be divided or
destroyed. B) Atoms of the same element are exactly alike. C) Atoms of
different elements are different from each other. D) The atoms of 2 or
more elements can join together to form types of matter called
compounds.
◉J. J. Thompson . Answer: Proposed the "plum pudding" model of the
atom, with electrons as negative particles embedded in a positive cloud.
◉plum-pudding model . Answer: negatively charged electrons were
small particles held within a positively charged sphere, proposed by
Thompson
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PREP WITH 100%
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2026
◉atom . Answer: the smallest component of an element having the
chemical properties of the element
◉periodic table . Answer: a table of the chemical elements arranged in
order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar
atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in
vertical columns.
◉compound . Answer: A substance made up of atoms of two or more
different elements joined by chemical bonds
◉electron . Answer: A tiny, negatively charged particle that moves
around the nucleus of an atom.
◉nucleus . Answer: A region that is located at the centre of an atom and
contains most of the atom's mass (protons and neutrons)
,◉proton . Answer: A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and
that is found in the nucleus of an atom
◉neutron . Answer: A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is
found in the nucleus of an atom
◉atomic number . Answer: The number of protons in the nucleus of an
atom
◉atomic mass . Answer: The average mass of all the isotopes of an
element
◉mixture . Answer: A combination of two or more substances that are
*not* chemically combined
◉chemical reaction . Answer: the process by which one or more
substances change to produce one or more different substances
◉mass . Answer: A measure of the amount of matter in an object
◉(g) . Answer: indicates that a substance in a chemical equation is a gas
◉(s) . Answer: indicates that a substance in a chemical equation is a
solid
,◉(aq) . Answer: indicates that a substance in a chemical equation is
dissolved in solution
◉(l) . Answer: indicates that a substance in a chemical equation is a
liquid
◉chemical formula . Answer: A combination of chemical symbols and
numbers to represent a substance
◉chemical equation . Answer: A representation of a chemical reaction
that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the
products
◉chromatography . Answer: A technique that is used to separate the
components of a mixture based on the tendency of each component to
travel or be drawn across the surface of another material.
◉filtration . Answer: A process that separates materials based on the size
of their particles.
◉distillation . Answer: A process used to separate dissolved solids from
a liquid, which is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a
liquid
, ◉crystallization . Answer: A separation technique that produces pure
solid particles of a substance from a solution that contains the dissolved
substance.
◉leibig condenser . Answer: Glassware used to condense water vapour,
that consists of two tubes one inside the other with space between for
circulation of water.
◉fractional distillation . Answer: The separation of the components in a
mixture of liquids having different boiling points by vaporization.
◉John Dalton . Answer: English chemist who developed the Atomic
theory of matter through an experiment of gases. His theory states: A)
All elements are composed of atoms and atoms can't be divided or
destroyed. B) Atoms of the same element are exactly alike. C) Atoms of
different elements are different from each other. D) The atoms of 2 or
more elements can join together to form types of matter called
compounds.
◉J. J. Thompson . Answer: Proposed the "plum pudding" model of the
atom, with electrons as negative particles embedded in a positive cloud.
◉plum-pudding model . Answer: negatively charged electrons were
small particles held within a positively charged sphere, proposed by
Thompson
