,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
lx
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. nitrogen fixation lx c. synthesis of vitamins lx lx
b. production of fermented foods d. causative agents of disease
lx lx lx l x lx lx lx
ANS: D l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS C: Remembe
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
ring
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. fungi.
l x c. virus.
b. E. coli.
l x lx d. algae.
ANS: C l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. lx
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
l x lx
ANS: B l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote. l x
ANS: D l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
lx lx
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
lx l x lx
ANS: C l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. the absence of proteins
lx lx lx
b. the presence of DNA
lx lx lx
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
lx lx lx lx
d. the presence of a cell wall
lx lx lx lx lx
ANS: C l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Remembering lx lx lx lx lx
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc losely re
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
lated rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. physical characteristics lx c. DNA sequence comparison lx lx
b. method of reproduction lx lx d. environmental habitat l x lx
ANS: C l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli lx
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D lx DIF: Moderate REF: l x 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx MSC: Understanding
lx lx lx lx lx lx
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi l x
ANS: A l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx MSC: Understanding
lx lx lx lx lx lx
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses l x lx
ANS: B l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx MSC: Understanding
lx lx lx lx lx lx
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of an or
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx lx
ganism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targets cellul
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
ar metabolic enzymes?
lx lx
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba lx lx
b. Herpes virus d. bread mold
lx l x lx
ANS: B l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Analyzi
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
ng
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
l x c. Robert Hooke
lx lx lx
b. Catherine of Siena
l x d. Louis Pasteur
lx lx lx
ANS: C l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 lx
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC: R
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
emembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
ANS: D l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 lx
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC: U
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
nderstanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. vinegar eels c. mold filaments
lx lx
b. dust mites lx d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis lx
ANS: D lx DIF: Moderate REF: l x 1.2
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
lx
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. nitrogen fixation lx c. synthesis of vitamins lx lx
b. production of fermented foods d. causative agents of disease
lx lx lx l x lx lx lx
ANS: D l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS C: Remembe
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
ring
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. fungi.
l x c. virus.
b. E. coli.
l x lx d. algae.
ANS: C l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. lx
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
l x lx
ANS: B l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote. l x
ANS: D l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
lx lx
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
lx l x lx
ANS: C l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. the absence of proteins
lx lx lx
b. the presence of DNA
lx lx lx
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
lx lx lx lx
d. the presence of a cell wall
lx lx lx lx lx
ANS: C l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Remembering lx lx lx lx lx
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc losely re
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
lated rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. physical characteristics lx c. DNA sequence comparison lx lx
b. method of reproduction lx lx d. environmental habitat l x lx
ANS: C l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx lx MSC: Applying lx lx lx lx lx
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli lx
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D lx DIF: Moderate REF: l x 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx MSC: Understanding
lx lx lx lx lx lx
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi l x
ANS: A l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx MSC: Understanding
lx lx lx lx lx lx
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses l x lx
ANS: B l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three d
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx
omains have in common and how they differ.
lx lx MSC: Understanding
lx lx lx lx lx lx
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of an or
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx lx lx
ganism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targets cellul
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
ar metabolic enzymes?
lx lx
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba lx lx
b. Herpes virus d. bread mold
lx l x lx
ANS: B l x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 lx
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Analyzi
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
ng
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
l x c. Robert Hooke
lx lx lx
b. Catherine of Siena
l x d. Louis Pasteur
lx lx lx
ANS: C l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 lx
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC: R
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
emembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
ANS: D l x DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 lx
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC: U
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx l x lx
nderstanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx lx
a. vinegar eels c. mold filaments
lx lx
b. dust mites lx d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis lx
ANS: D lx DIF: Moderate REF: l x 1.2
