Full Test Bank - Human Anatomy 9th Edition,
By Frederic H. Martini| 2025 Update Version|
Chapters 1-28| Verified Answers
,CHAPTER 1. FOUNDATIONS: AN INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY ............................................................3
CHAPTER 2. FOUNDATIONS: THE CELL .................................................................................................. 64
CHAPTER 3. FOUNDATIONS: TISSUES AND EARLY EMBRYOLOGY ....................................................... 110
CHAPTER 4. THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM ....................................................................................... 161
CHAPTER 5: THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: OSSEOUS TISSUE AND SKELETAL STRUCTURE ............................ 210
CHAPTER 6. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: AXIAL DIVISION.......................................................................... 264
CHAPTER 7. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: APPENDICULAR DIVISION .......................................................... 322
CHAPTER 8. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: JOINTS ....................................................................................... 379
CHAPTER 9. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM: SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE AND MUSCLE ORGANIZATION ....... 428
CHAPTER 10. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM: AXIAL MUSCULATURE ........................................................... 486
CHAPTER 11. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM: APPENDICULAR MUSCULATURE ........................................... 538
CHAPTER 12. SURFACE ANATOMY AND CROSS-SECTIONAL ANATOMY .............................................. 592
CHAPTER 13. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: NEURAL TISSUE ....................................................................... 643
CHAPTER 14. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES .................................. 693
CHAPTER 15. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: SENSORY AND MOTOR PATHWAYS OF THE SPINAL CORD....... 749
CHAPTER 16. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES ........................................... 799
CHAPTER 17. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM ............................................. 876
CHAPTER 18. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: GENERAL AND SPECIAL SENSES ............................................... 899
CHAPTER 19. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 954
CHAPTER 20. THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: BLOOD ....................................................................... 995
CHAPTER 21. THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: THE HEART .............................................................. 1035
CHAPTER 22. THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: VESSELS AND CIRCULATION ..................................... 1055
CHAPTER 23. THE LYMPHOID SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 1114
CHAPTER 24. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ......................................................................................... 1156
CHAPTER 25. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ............................................................................................... 1213
CHAPTER 26. THE URINARY SYSTEM................................................................................................. 1273
CHAPTER 27. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM....................................................................................... 1295
CHAPTER 28. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EMBRYOLOGY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ............... 1350
,Chapter 1. Foundations: An Introduction To Anatomy
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) It Is Important To Study The Discipline Of Anatomy Because It______.
A) Is Important To Understand The Link Between Human Structure And Function
B) Develops A Three-Dimensional Understanding Of Anatomical Relationships
C) Will Assist Individuals To Make Informed Decisions About Their Personal Health
D) Provides A Basis For Understanding More Advanced Courses In Anatomy, Physiology, And
Related Disciplines
E) All Of The Answers Are Correct
ANS: E
Each Individual Statement (A–D) Is A Valid Reason For Studying Anatomy. Understanding
Anatomy Helps In Recognizing How Structure Relates To Function (A), Builds Spatial Awareness
Of Body Structures (B), Supports Informed Personal Healthcare Choices (C), And Lays The
Groundwork For More Advanced Biomedical Studies (D). Therefore, Option E, Stating That All
Are Correct, Is The Most Comprehensive And Accurate. Options F And G Are Incorrect And
Misleading—Anatomy Is Not Limited To Musculoskeletal Study (F), And It Complements Rather
Than Replaces Physiology (G).
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
2) Which Of The Following Statements About Anatomical Information Is Correct?
A) Anatomic Information Is All Historical
B) It Describes External And Internal Structures Of The Body And Considers Probable Function
C) It Addresses Large Body Structures Visible To The Naked Eye Only
D) Physiology And Anatomy Are Unrelated
E) The Study Of Cells Or Cytology Is Useless To Anatomy
, ANS: B
Anatomy Is The Study Of Body Structure, Including Both External And Internal Components,
And It Often Considers Their Function. Option B Correctly Captures This Holistic Scope. A Is
False Because Anatomy Is Not Merely Historical—It's Continuously Evolving With Modern
Imaging And Research. C Is Incorrect Because Anatomy Also Includes Microscopic Structures. D
And E Are False—Physiology And Cytology Are Closely Linked To Anatomical Understanding. F
And G Are Overly Narrow And Inaccurate Representations.
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
3) The Branch Of Science That Studies Groups Of Specialized Cells And How They Work
Together Is Called______.
A) Physiology
B) Histology
C) Anatomy
D) Cytology
E) None Of The Answers Are Correct
ANS: B
Histology Is The Study Of Tissues, Which Are Groups Of Specialized Cells Working Together For
Specific Functions. This Distinguishes It From Cytology (D), Which Focuses On Individual Cells.
Physiology (A) Examines How Systems Function, Not Their Cellular Makeup. Anatomy (C) Is
Broader And Includes Structural Study At All Levels. Pathology (F) Involves Disease Processes,
And Embryology (G) Is Concerned With Development. Therefore, B Is The Correct Answer.
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
4) The Analysis Of The Smallest Units Of Life Is Called_____.
By Frederic H. Martini| 2025 Update Version|
Chapters 1-28| Verified Answers
,CHAPTER 1. FOUNDATIONS: AN INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY ............................................................3
CHAPTER 2. FOUNDATIONS: THE CELL .................................................................................................. 64
CHAPTER 3. FOUNDATIONS: TISSUES AND EARLY EMBRYOLOGY ....................................................... 110
CHAPTER 4. THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM ....................................................................................... 161
CHAPTER 5: THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: OSSEOUS TISSUE AND SKELETAL STRUCTURE ............................ 210
CHAPTER 6. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: AXIAL DIVISION.......................................................................... 264
CHAPTER 7. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: APPENDICULAR DIVISION .......................................................... 322
CHAPTER 8. THE SKELETAL SYSTEM: JOINTS ....................................................................................... 379
CHAPTER 9. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM: SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE AND MUSCLE ORGANIZATION ....... 428
CHAPTER 10. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM: AXIAL MUSCULATURE ........................................................... 486
CHAPTER 11. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM: APPENDICULAR MUSCULATURE ........................................... 538
CHAPTER 12. SURFACE ANATOMY AND CROSS-SECTIONAL ANATOMY .............................................. 592
CHAPTER 13. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: NEURAL TISSUE ....................................................................... 643
CHAPTER 14. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES .................................. 693
CHAPTER 15. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: SENSORY AND MOTOR PATHWAYS OF THE SPINAL CORD....... 749
CHAPTER 16. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: THE BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES ........................................... 799
CHAPTER 17. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM ............................................. 876
CHAPTER 18. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: GENERAL AND SPECIAL SENSES ............................................... 899
CHAPTER 19. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 954
CHAPTER 20. THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: BLOOD ....................................................................... 995
CHAPTER 21. THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: THE HEART .............................................................. 1035
CHAPTER 22. THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: VESSELS AND CIRCULATION ..................................... 1055
CHAPTER 23. THE LYMPHOID SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 1114
CHAPTER 24. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ......................................................................................... 1156
CHAPTER 25. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ............................................................................................... 1213
CHAPTER 26. THE URINARY SYSTEM................................................................................................. 1273
CHAPTER 27. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM....................................................................................... 1295
CHAPTER 28. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: EMBRYOLOGY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ............... 1350
,Chapter 1. Foundations: An Introduction To Anatomy
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) It Is Important To Study The Discipline Of Anatomy Because It______.
A) Is Important To Understand The Link Between Human Structure And Function
B) Develops A Three-Dimensional Understanding Of Anatomical Relationships
C) Will Assist Individuals To Make Informed Decisions About Their Personal Health
D) Provides A Basis For Understanding More Advanced Courses In Anatomy, Physiology, And
Related Disciplines
E) All Of The Answers Are Correct
ANS: E
Each Individual Statement (A–D) Is A Valid Reason For Studying Anatomy. Understanding
Anatomy Helps In Recognizing How Structure Relates To Function (A), Builds Spatial Awareness
Of Body Structures (B), Supports Informed Personal Healthcare Choices (C), And Lays The
Groundwork For More Advanced Biomedical Studies (D). Therefore, Option E, Stating That All
Are Correct, Is The Most Comprehensive And Accurate. Options F And G Are Incorrect And
Misleading—Anatomy Is Not Limited To Musculoskeletal Study (F), And It Complements Rather
Than Replaces Physiology (G).
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
2) Which Of The Following Statements About Anatomical Information Is Correct?
A) Anatomic Information Is All Historical
B) It Describes External And Internal Structures Of The Body And Considers Probable Function
C) It Addresses Large Body Structures Visible To The Naked Eye Only
D) Physiology And Anatomy Are Unrelated
E) The Study Of Cells Or Cytology Is Useless To Anatomy
, ANS: B
Anatomy Is The Study Of Body Structure, Including Both External And Internal Components,
And It Often Considers Their Function. Option B Correctly Captures This Holistic Scope. A Is
False Because Anatomy Is Not Merely Historical—It's Continuously Evolving With Modern
Imaging And Research. C Is Incorrect Because Anatomy Also Includes Microscopic Structures. D
And E Are False—Physiology And Cytology Are Closely Linked To Anatomical Understanding. F
And G Are Overly Narrow And Inaccurate Representations.
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
3) The Branch Of Science That Studies Groups Of Specialized Cells And How They Work
Together Is Called______.
A) Physiology
B) Histology
C) Anatomy
D) Cytology
E) None Of The Answers Are Correct
ANS: B
Histology Is The Study Of Tissues, Which Are Groups Of Specialized Cells Working Together For
Specific Functions. This Distinguishes It From Cytology (D), Which Focuses On Individual Cells.
Physiology (A) Examines How Systems Function, Not Their Cellular Makeup. Anatomy (C) Is
Broader And Includes Structural Study At All Levels. Pathology (F) Involves Disease Processes,
And Embryology (G) Is Concerned With Development. Therefore, B Is The Correct Answer.
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
4) The Analysis Of The Smallest Units Of Life Is Called_____.
