MSIS 2103 FINAL TEST WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.

MSIS 2103 FINAL TEST WITH CORRECT ANSWERS. "law of small numbers" - Answer-says that any sample will have a distribution that is representative of the population, regardless of sample size. 20% of students at your university are in a sorority or frat. you see that many of the students in your class of 200 are wearing shirts with Greek letters on the. You conclude that half of the students are in a frat or sorority. what bias are you possibly guilty of? - Answer-Insensitive to prior probabilities 3 main types of enterprise systems - Answer-SCM (supply chain management) ERP (enterprise resource planning) CRM (customer relationship management) A company may have a private network - Answer-intranet a computer network - Answer-system of interconnected devices a device's MAC address is - Answer-hardcoded into the chip on a devices network card A disjunctive event - Answer-one where the event has to be positive in only one of several events, such as drawing one white marble from the same bag of 90 red marbles and 10 white marbles. A simple event is one where there is only one event, such as drawing a red marble from a bag of 50 red marbles and 50 white marbles. A distributed file system (DFS) or NoSQL database - Answer-is a server-based system that allows for massive amounts of data. The term NoSQL came from the fact that early DFS could not be queried with SQL. a manufacturing company that uses an enterprise info system will likely use an - Answer-ERP A way to keep integrity - Answer-Using a hard to guess password Advantages of open source - Answer-free you can add new or different functions many different programmers work on open source projects and share their improvements All computer devices communicate over a network using - Answer-binary or machine language application software - Answer-end user programs such as a browser, word processing software and spread sheet software. Area Charts - Answer-Use to show multiple trends over time and how the different trends relate to each other. Consider using transforming line charts into area charts when you are trying to show relative contribution. For example, sales of each product line would show each line and the total sales. Bar Charts - Answer-use for comparing data across categories Because businesses rely on computer systems - Answer-MIS graduates are in high demand and command the highest average starting salaries of any business school graduate Bias of imaginability - Answer-is a bias where sometimes one has to assess the frequency of a class whose instances are not stored in memory, but can be generated according to a given rule. In such situations, one typically generates several instances and evaluates frequency or probability by the ease with which the relevant instances can be constructed. big I (the internet) - Answer-one big network consisting of all networks that interconnect and allow data to be sent globally binary switches were referred to as what in the early days of computers - Answer-transistors Both ERP and CRM systems may have - Answer-SCM application. byte - Answer-8 bits CIA - Answer-Confidentiality Integrity Availability client/server applications - Answer-application that resides on the server and you access through a browser on your computer closed source operating system - Answer-only the company that made the software can see the program source code and change it Column Charts - Answer-use for comparing categories over time Combination Charts - Answer-it is possible to combine charts into one chart to better visualize the data. Consider combining bar charts with line charts. Computer chips work like - Answer-a large number of on/off switches Computers consist of - Answer-hardware and software computers use - Answer-binary switches confidence level - Answer-interval range of values so defined that there is a specified probability that the value of a parameter lies within in it. Conjunctive events - Answer-events that are related to other events, such as drawing a red marble seven times in succession with replacement from a bag of 90 red marbles and 10 white marbles CRM - Answer-Service companies and sales companies often use these data - Answer-fact database - Answer-collection of tables aka entities Defines: the format of date fields required data fields database business rules number of character in a text field - Answer-Metadata each record has a - Answer-unique identifier.These are normally assigned by the database. You have unique identifiers in several databases Each row in the table is - Answer-a record Each table has - Answer-columns aka fields or attributes enterprise system - Answer-single system that supports all of the business applications on a single database Enterprise systems have - Answer-single database and each application accesses the same database. This eliminates duplication and allows each part of the business to see the same data. ERP - Answer-Used by businesses that manufacture products. There are applications that are specific to manufacturing such as planning production, planning and purchasing raw materials, scheduling production facilities, and optimizing equipment utilization. every endpoint has two unique identifiers - Answer-MAC Address and IP Address every table has a primary - Answer-key. The primary key is a unique identifier of every row or record in the table. The record primary key is normally assigned sequentially by the database as a new record is input into the table every transaction (sale) - Answer-creates several pieces of data examples of open source - Answer-Linux R Android chromium firefox apache apache cassandra Excel - Answer-Most used analytical tool in business Great tool to use for decision-making explicit knowledge can - Answer-be written down and obtained through reading Facebook developed - Answer-Cassandra facts and info - Answer-explicit knowledge fiber optics use - Answer-light framing - Answer-influences the decision in several ways. gigabyte - Answer-1024 megabytes (2^30) Goal Seek - Answer-Create a spreadsheet in Excel that has your data. Click the cell you want to change. ... From the Data tab, select the What if Analysis... ... Select Goal seek.. ... In the Goal Seek dialog, enter the new "what if" amount in the To value text box. ... We also need to tell Excel which cell to change. ... Click OK Google maps - Answer-GIS system that utilizes a GPS system to provide info about the physical world google supports - Answer-R Hardware - Answer-consists of input devices, computing devices (chips), and out put devices. Heuristic methods - Answer-speed up the decision or problem-solving process. Examples include using a "rule of thumb," an educated guess, or intuitive judgment (also referred to as a gut feeling). Heuristics are widely used and can be very useful when the decision is not particularly important, has low future impact, and is a situation where experience is applicable. Heuristics - Answer-qualitative methods that are experience based. HTML (hypertext markup language) - Answer-webpages are written in HTTP (hypertext transmission protocol) - Answer-browsers use this. IBM supports - Answer-Apache If an interviewer ignores your past history of success he is guilty of what bias? - Answer-Insensitive to prior outcomes if you name the range - Answer-you can access it from different sheets illusion of validity - Answer-The illusion of validity is produced by a good fit between the predicted outcome and the input information. This good fit between input and output leads to a bias of unwarranted confidence. For example, career success creates a stereotype of a successful individual in that career. A person who matches the stereotype is predicted to also have success in that career. When the stereotype is based on a description of personality, it is scanty and incomplete. It provides inadequate information to make a prediction, but many people will make a prediction. illusory-correlation bias. - Answer-Availability provides a potential to judge how frequently two events co-occur. It can be that the events do co-occur such as death when there is a car-motorcycle collision. It can also be that there is a strong association between the two events, and that there is no correlation between the two events. In the latter case, the association between the events creates an illusory-correlation bias. Information - Answer-data put into context information - Answer-fact put into context insensitive to prior outcomes - Answer-Your resume showed that you had been a top performer in your current job for several years and the interviewer formed an opinion based on whom you reminded him of; he is guilty of being insensitive to prior outcomes. This is a common representative heuristic bias. In another example, consider a group of people attending a meeting that is made up of 70% attorneys and 30% engineers. Tom is attending the meeting and is casually dressed, wearing blue jeans and a work shirt insensitivity to posterior probabilities - Answer-The second example demonstrates the bias caused by insensitivity to posterior probabilities. For 5 balls drawn, the posterior odds are 8:1, given 4:1, and for 20 balls drawn, the posterior odds are 16:1, given 12:8 assuming even prior probabilities. The person drawing 20 balls should be much more confident than the person drawing 5 balls. In the example of drawing balls, 66.66% of the balls are red and 33.33% were another color. When 5 balls were drawn, 80% of the balls were red. insensitivity to prior probabilities - Answer-A common bias associated with the representative heuristic is insensitivity to prior probabilities. This bias comes from forming an opinion about group membership based on information given and not using information about the prior probability of group membership. In the previous paragraph, there was no information given about the purpose of the meeting, time of day, or location. Did you say that Tom was an engineer? With no more information than was given, the probability that Tom is an attorney is 70% or 7:3 insensitivity to sample size considering prior possibilities. - Answer-The first example demonstrates the bias caused by insensitivity to sample size considering prior possibilities. The larger the sample size, the lower percentage variance there will be. In this example, if 9 boys and 6 girls are born, the percentage is 60%. In the larger hospital, for 60% of the babies to be boys, there would be 30 boys and 20 girls. The larger sample is less likely to stray from 50% than the smaller sample and the correct answer is b, the smaller hospital. Integrity - Answer-keeping info secure from unauthorized changes. IP Address - Answer-internet protocol defines your location on the network IRR - Answer-(values, guess) key element of knowledge - Answer-internalization of a skill Kilobyte - Answer-1024 bytes (2^10) Knowledge - Answer-defined as facts, info, and skills acquired by a person thru experience or education. (theoretical or practical understanding of a subject). Knowledge gained from a book - Answer-explicit LAN - Answer-Local Area Network LAN reuses - Answer-the dynamic IP addresses. After you sign off the LAN, the router will assign that address to the next person that signs on Learning objective one - Answer-to develop skill in excel by applying it to solve problems Line Charts - Answer-Use to view trends overtime LO1 - Answer-Excel remains a major analytical tool used in business. To succeed in business, a manager needs to have good analytical skills and the ability to use Excel to analyze data. The first learning objective is the development of EXCEL Skills with a hands-on, problem-solving using EXCEL, including topics that fall under the following categories: A) Getting started with EXCEL B) Using functions and formulas with EXCEL C) Creating Charts and graphs with EXCEL D) Creating Pivot tables E) Learning how to solve business problems through application problems LO2 - Answer-Most companies use relational databases to store data. A manager needs to have developed database understanding with a hands-on, problem-solving focus. The learning objective focuses on understanding how organizational databases are "stored"—meaning multiple tables, the use of foreign keys, and linking queries, to generate appropriate information. LO3 - Answer-Information security is a major concern in business. Businesses spend millions of dollars annually to attempt to secure their data and their customer's data. The learning objective is to provide an understanding of the impact of security on organizations and its data as the class focuses on more complex problem-solving with database and data. This learning objective will provide experiences and exposures for the student to learn how to practice safe and secure computing through an understanding of the risks involved with securing data and information throughout the organization. LO4 - Answer-Everyone in business needs to understand the role of Information Systems in the organization. Again, as the course moves from looking at data at a table level to data at a database level, the course will provide awareness and exposure to the different ways in which technology and systems impact the organization and its data. loT - Answer-internet of things these smart devices include: thermostats, fridges, door locks, voice activated speakers, and security systems MAC Address - Answer-media access control defines your device MAN (metropolitan area network) - Answer-connects a geographic area such as university megabyte - Answer-1024 kilobytes (2^20) misconception of chance - Answer-Over a very long number of flips of the coin, the number of heads and number of tails would be approximately equal. In a short run, the number of H and T would not necessarily be nearly equal. In a random process, the small sample may not be representative of the process. The result in (B) is more likely than the result in (A). The sequence in (A) does not have any runs of either H or T. This is suggestive of fraud or manipulation, and it is a method used in fraud detection. In random processes, the process approaches the statistical probability through dilution, not through self-correction. This bias is called misconception of chance Moore's Law - Answer-computing power of a computer chip doubles every 18 months. Most businesses use - Answer-windows Most businesses use what system - Answer-enterprise system Most ERP also have - Answer-CRM applications Most smart phones have more computing power than was on - Answer-the first nasa shuttle NESTED IF STATEMENT - Answer-ONE IF STATEMENT INSIDE THE OTHER NPV - Answer-(rate, value 1, value 2) Often, heuristics - Answer-are used in instances where there is little information, and where there is time pressure with potentially severe consequences for delaying the decision One method of keeping info secure when sent over the internet or stored on a computer is - Answer-encryption One way to get information out of a database is to write - Answer-query using structured query language (SQL, pronounced as see-quel). one-reason decision-making - Answer-The problem of which program to select is also an example of one-reason decision-making (Gigerenzer et al., 1999). People often times reduce decisions to one reason and a reason that is important to them. This can be considered a heuristic and a bias, which depends on viewpoint. An example is often how individuals make a decision to vote for a candidate for political office. A decision based on the candidate's support of human treatment for animals without regard to other issues is one-reason decision-making. Open source operating system - Answer-anyone can see the program code and modify it Operating system - Answer-software that supports a computer's basic functions such as scheduling tasks, executing applications and controlling peripherals petabyte - Answer-1024 terabytes (20^50) Pie Charts - Answer-Use to show percentages. This is really the only use. Pivot tables - Answer-used when you have lots of data PMT - Answer-(RATE, NPER, PV, FV, TYPE) Probability - Answer-the extent to which an event is likely to occur measured by the ratio of the favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible. Protocols - Answer-Standards Protocols are used by - Answer-Browsers, cellphones, the internet, webpages range names - Answer-Select the cell, range of cells, or nonadjacent selections that you want to name. Click the Name box at the left end of the formula bar. Name box. Type the name that you want to use to refer to your selection. Names can be up to 255 characters in length. Press ENTER. relational database - Answer-can have a one to one relationship or a one to many. should have single entry. Each piece of data is input only one time. Risk - Answer-probability X impact risk appetite - Answer-the amount of risk you are willing to accept Scatter Plot - Answer-Use to see the relationship between different variables. can be used to see outliers that might need further inspection SCM - Answer-Companies that are involved in logistics and distribution would often use an SCM server - Answer-computer that is tied to the Internet and hosts that webpage. When you use a browser to access a webpage, it is on one. shows the relationships between the tables in a relational database - Answer-Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) skills - Answer-tacit knowledge smart phone uses ________ to connect to the internet - Answer-DSL software - Answer-computer coded application