PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY CEDARVILLE UNIVERSITY
EXAM 1 (DR. JONES) QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the difference between an educated person and a knowledgeable
person according to Israel Sheffler? Ans✓✓✓An educated man's
outlook is transformed by what he knows
Being scientifically literate is required for the following: (the 3 "knows")
Ans✓✓✓1. Knowing yourself 2. Knowing your world 2. Knowing your
God
There is a correlation between hectares of farming and % of inter-sexed
toads. Describe the correlation and if it is synonymous with causation.
Ans✓✓✓Correlation does not mean causation. Is the cause of feminized
male toads associated with land development or poisoning by
chemicals? The increase in farming within the vicinity of toad
populations= increase in population of feminized frogs
What is knowledge according to Israel Sheffler? Ans✓✓✓You know the
right answers but your outlook on life is not transformed.
Describe in a sentence or two what the general goals of science are.
Ans✓✓✓Science is an activity or process, the underlying aim of which
is to further our understanding of why things happen the way they do in
the natural or created world. The aim of science is theory.
Science is characterized by its demand for empirical evidence for
,its conclusions. Ans✓✓✓Aspect #1
Science is characterized by its demand for logical reasoning
Ans✓✓✓Aspect #2
Science given tentative or contingent knowledge Ans✓✓✓Aspect #3
Science has an epistemological framework which includes a set of
presuppositions. Ans✓✓✓Aspect #4
Science as a Human activity has limits Ans✓✓✓Aspect #5
Aspect #6 Ans✓✓✓Science takes place within the values and norms of
the culture
and is subject to the biases of its practitioners.
What is the general role of science? Ans✓✓✓collection of human
observations used to explain phenomena and make predictions in new
situations (rests on many hypotheses that have been tested and backed
by empirical evidence)
What is empirical evidence? Ans✓✓✓Knowledge received by
observation and experimentation.
, Inductive reasoning Ans✓✓✓Particular > generalization
Deductive reasoning Ans✓✓✓general statement > particular fact
inferences Ans✓✓✓based on own preconceived ideas of what may
happen
How do scientists make observations? Ans✓✓✓Scientists use their own
senses, instruments (such as microscopes) that enhance those senses, and
instruments that tap characteristics quite different from what humans can
sense (such as magnetic fields). They observe passively or actively.
What is meant by communal objectivity (peer reviewed work?)
Ans✓✓✓A standard rule; what community decides is research based on
political, social and culutral titles. once invoke super natural, it is no
longer science
hypothetico-deductive method? Ans✓✓✓forming and testing evidence.
propose hypothesis, decide what is testable, test consequences, accept/
reject hypothesis, formulate "if...then" No anecdotal evidence!(observe--
infer--propose--test--discard--feasibility)
theory Ans✓✓✓inferred EXPLANATIONS of natural world, attempts
to explain laws
EXAM 1 (DR. JONES) QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the difference between an educated person and a knowledgeable
person according to Israel Sheffler? Ans✓✓✓An educated man's
outlook is transformed by what he knows
Being scientifically literate is required for the following: (the 3 "knows")
Ans✓✓✓1. Knowing yourself 2. Knowing your world 2. Knowing your
God
There is a correlation between hectares of farming and % of inter-sexed
toads. Describe the correlation and if it is synonymous with causation.
Ans✓✓✓Correlation does not mean causation. Is the cause of feminized
male toads associated with land development or poisoning by
chemicals? The increase in farming within the vicinity of toad
populations= increase in population of feminized frogs
What is knowledge according to Israel Sheffler? Ans✓✓✓You know the
right answers but your outlook on life is not transformed.
Describe in a sentence or two what the general goals of science are.
Ans✓✓✓Science is an activity or process, the underlying aim of which
is to further our understanding of why things happen the way they do in
the natural or created world. The aim of science is theory.
Science is characterized by its demand for empirical evidence for
,its conclusions. Ans✓✓✓Aspect #1
Science is characterized by its demand for logical reasoning
Ans✓✓✓Aspect #2
Science given tentative or contingent knowledge Ans✓✓✓Aspect #3
Science has an epistemological framework which includes a set of
presuppositions. Ans✓✓✓Aspect #4
Science as a Human activity has limits Ans✓✓✓Aspect #5
Aspect #6 Ans✓✓✓Science takes place within the values and norms of
the culture
and is subject to the biases of its practitioners.
What is the general role of science? Ans✓✓✓collection of human
observations used to explain phenomena and make predictions in new
situations (rests on many hypotheses that have been tested and backed
by empirical evidence)
What is empirical evidence? Ans✓✓✓Knowledge received by
observation and experimentation.
, Inductive reasoning Ans✓✓✓Particular > generalization
Deductive reasoning Ans✓✓✓general statement > particular fact
inferences Ans✓✓✓based on own preconceived ideas of what may
happen
How do scientists make observations? Ans✓✓✓Scientists use their own
senses, instruments (such as microscopes) that enhance those senses, and
instruments that tap characteristics quite different from what humans can
sense (such as magnetic fields). They observe passively or actively.
What is meant by communal objectivity (peer reviewed work?)
Ans✓✓✓A standard rule; what community decides is research based on
political, social and culutral titles. once invoke super natural, it is no
longer science
hypothetico-deductive method? Ans✓✓✓forming and testing evidence.
propose hypothesis, decide what is testable, test consequences, accept/
reject hypothesis, formulate "if...then" No anecdotal evidence!(observe--
infer--propose--test--discard--feasibility)
theory Ans✓✓✓inferred EXPLANATIONS of natural world, attempts
to explain laws
