ATI Maternal Child Exam Questions and Answers||A+ Solution guide(Verified)

ATI Maternal Child Exam Questions and Answers||A+ Solution guide(Verified) How do *Monophasic Oral Contraceptives* work as far as dosing? What is an example? - Answer- *Same* dose of estrogen and progesterone for entire dosing schedule; 21 days of active drug followed by 7 days of placebo to allow withdrawal bleeding; *EXAMPLE*: ethinyl estradiol 30-drospirenone 3 [Yasmin] How do *Multiphasic Oral Contraceptives* work as far as dosing? - Answer- Contain both estrogen and progesterone at *different* dosages throughout cycle What is required before placement of an I.U.D? - Answer- 1) Cultures for STIs; 2) Informed consent What kind of vaginal bleeding should be expected after placement of an I.U.D? - Answer- Irregular spotting is common in first few months What is the most favorable type of pelvis for successful labor and birth? - Answer- gynecoid pelvis When can the heartbeat be detected by *doppler*? - Answer- between 10 to 12 weeks When can the heartbeat be detected by *regular non-electronic fetoscope*? - Answer- 20 weeks When does the fetal external genitalia appear allowing recognition of the gender? - Answer- 12 weeks What provides for exchange of nutrients and waste products between the fetus and mother? - Answer- placenta When can genetic testing be done via chorionic villus sampling [CVS]? - Answer- by week 10 to 12 What carries *deoxygenated* blood and water products *from* the fetus? - Answer- arteries (2) What carries *oxygenated* blood and provides O2 and nutrients *to* the fetus? - Answer- vein (1) What is the fetal heart rate in the *1st* trimester? - Answer- 160-170 What is the fetal heart rate in the *2nd and 3rd* trimesters? - Answer- 110-160 What connects the umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava? - Answer- ductus venosus Why does the fertilized ovum stay in the fallopian tubes for 3 days? - Answer- to promote the fertilized ovum's chances of survial What are the purposes of amniotic fluid? - Answer- 1) allows for fetal movement; 2) cushions and protects the fetus; 3) maintains body temperature of the fetus; 4) can be used to measure fetal kidney function What *CAN* pass through the placenta? - Answer- nutrients, drugs, alcohol, antibodies, and viruses What can *NOT* pass through the placenta? - Answer- large particles such as bacteria What things can help alleviate the nausea and vomiting that commonly occurs in the 1st trimester? - Answer- 1) Eat dry crackers before arising; 2) Avoid brushing teeth immediately after arising; 3) Eat small, frequent, low-fat meals during the day; 4) Drink liquids *between* meals rather than with meals; 5) Avoid fried foods and spicy foods; What is the purpose of a nonstress test? - Answer- - To assess the fetal CNS and well-being; - To monitor response of FHR to fetal movements; - To allow RN to assess the FHR in relationship to fetal movements Kegal exercises for urinary incontinence [Teaching] - Answer- -tighten pelvic muscles for a count of 10 and then relax for a count of 10; -have designated time and place to do exercises because you will need to concentrate to do them correctly; -improvement in incontinence may be seen after 6 weeks of therapy Contraction stress test - Answer- - Done by either nipple stimulation or oxytocin [Pitocin] I.V. - Results are either negative, positive, equivocal, suspicious, or unsatisfactory What does a *negative* contraction stress test indicate? - Answer- - At least 3 uterine contractions in 10 min, with *NO* late decelerations; - A *negative* result is a *normal* result and is a good thing What does a *positive* contraction stress test indicate? - Answer- - Late decelerations occur with 50% or more of contractions; - A *positive* result is an *abnormal* result and is a bad thing; it is suggestive of uteroplacental insufficiency Group B Strep - Answer- - Screening culture is done at 35-36 weeks; - If positive, admin ampicillin [Principen] IVP every 4 hrs during labor; - Monitor newborn for infection Post-amniotomy interventions - Answer- -assess fetal heart for rate and late deceleration; -observe for any unusual color or odor of amniotic fluid Position for cesarean birth - Answer- supine w/foam wedge positioned under one hip Teaching for breastfeeding - Answer- - Avoid a specific length of time to breastfeed; - Burp newborn between each breast; - Avoid use of a pacifier to prevent nipple confusion Abstinence syndrome - Answer- - Results from maternal abuse of alcohol or drugs during pregnancy; *SIGNS*: thermal regulation issues [hyper- or hypo-thermia], low-birth weight Signs of hypoglycemia in the newborn - Answer- lethargy and hypotonia; jitteriness; twitching; poor feeding; temperature instability; apnea; respiratory distress; seizures If mom has active genital herpes, should birth be vaginal or cesarean? - Answer- vaginal birth is possible but cesarean is recommended If mom has active genital herpes during vaginal birth, what should be done to newborn? - Answer- Culture newborns eyes, oral cavities, and any possible lesions neonatal withdrawal from maternal methadone use - Answer- sneezing; tachypnea; tremors; increased moro reflex; shrill, persistent cry newborn respiratory rate - Answer- 30 to 60 What refers to the number of pregnancies a woman has had? - Answer- gravidity What refers to the number of births carried past 20 weeks, whether or not born alive? - Answer- parity What does the *"G"* in G.T.P.A.L stand for? - Answer- *Gravidity*: total number of pregnancies including the present one; What does the *"T"* in G.T.P.A.L stand for? - Answer- *Term births*: number born at at 38 weeks or more