BIO 252 FINAL EXAM CHAMBERLAIN LV EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM

BIO 252 FINAL EXAM CHAMBERLAIN LV EXAM
NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM


Muscle Tissue Property: Electrical Excitability - correct answer-
ions are charged molecules that have different concentrations between a semipermeable membrane


Muscular Tissue Property: Contractility - correct answer-the ability to forcefully contract


Muscular Tissue Property: Extensibility - correct answer-the ability to stretch


Muscular Tissue Property: Elasticity - correct answer-the ability to return to your original shape


Microscopic Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle Fiber - correct answer--
each mature skeletal muscle fiber has 100+ nuclei
-once fusion has occurred the muscle fiber loses its ability to undergo cell division
-skeletal muscles are set before you are born and last a life time


Control of Muscle Tension: Sliding Filament Mechanism - correct answer--
myosin pulls on actin, causing thin filament to slide forward
-consequently, Z discs move toward each other and the sarcomere shortens
-thanks to structural proteins, there is a transmission of force throughout the entire muscle
***Filaments do not change in length


Isotonic - correct answer-tension is constant while muscle length changes
-concentric=picking up book
-eccentric=lowering book


Isometric - correct answer-muscle contracts but does not change length
-holding a book out steady

,actin - correct answer-
During active muscle contraction, myosin heads bind to the protein .


calcium - correct answer-
is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and plays a key role in active muscle c
ontraction


Functions of Skeletal System - correct answer-1. facillitating movement
2. generating heat (thermogenesis)
3. Storing glycogen
4. maintaining body posture


How individual muscle fibers generate ATP - correct answer-1. glycolysis (anaerobic respiration)
2. hydrolysis of creatine phosphate
3. krebs cycle/electron transport chain (aerobic respiration)


actin,myosin - correct answer-
In a given muscle fiber, the thin filaments are known as , and the thick filaments are k
nown as .


Components of Skeletal Muscle (Lg to Sm) - correct answer-1. Skeletal Muscle
2. Fascicle
3. Muscle Fiber (cell)
4. Myofibrol
5. Filaments


Sarcolemma - correct answer-cell membrane of individual muscle cell


Origin - correct answer-the attachment to the stationary bone (bone that does not move) Proximal


Insertion - correct answer-the attachment to the movable bone (distal)

, Fulcrum - correct answer-elbow joint
U2 U2 U2 U2




Effort - correct answer-amount of force
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




U2 ex: contraction of biceps brachii
U2 U2 U2 U2




Load - correct answer-weight of object plus forearm (resistance)
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




U2 (opposes movement) U2




Muscles of the thigh that move the femur, tibia and fibula:
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




Quadriceps Femoris = Four heads U2 U2 U2 U2




1. Rectus femoris U2




2. Vastus lateralis U2




3. Vastus medialis U2




4. Vastus intermedius - correct answer-
U2 U2 U2 U2



all four heads extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris muscle acting alone also flexes thigh at
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2



hip joint
U2 U2




Muscles of the thigh that move the femur, tibia and fibula:
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




Sartorius - correct answer- U2 U2 U2



weakly flexes leg out at knee joint; weakly flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




Muscles of the thigh that move the femur, tibia and fibula:
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




Hamstrings:
1. Biceps femoris U2




2. Semitendinosus
3. Semimembranosus - correct answer-flexes leg at knee joint and extends the thigh at hip joint
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




Muscles of the thigh that move the femur, tibia and fibula:
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




Gracilis - correct answer-adducts thigh at hip joint, medially rotates thigh, flexes leg at knee joint
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2




Central Nervous System (CNS) - correct answer-brain and spinal cord
U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2 U2