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Summary Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

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This is a summary of the structure and function of haemoglobin, how oxygen is transported in the blood, what dissociation curves are and how to interpret them, the differences between fetal haemoglobin and adult haemoglobin, and how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood. Good quality notes with all of the information and keywords you will need. Suitable for all exam boards, some specific information for OCR.

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HAEMOGLOBIN


● haemoglobin is a water-soluble globular protein
● it has two alpha and two beta polypeptide chains, each with a
prosthetic haem group
● oxygen binds to the haem group which contains Fe​2+​ and each
haemoglobin molecule can carry 4 oxygen molecules


BINDING OF OXYGEN


● Affinity= chemical attraction
● Affinity of oxygen for haemoglobin depends on partial pressure of
oxygen- A measure of oxygen concentration, based on the
contribution of oxygen to the total pressure of a mixture
● As the partial pressure of oxygen increases, affinity increases so
oxygen binds tightly eg. in the lungs, oxygen binds by a process
called loading
● when the partial pressure of oxygen decreases at respiring tissues,
affinity decreases so oxygen is released/ unloaded


DISSOCIATION CURVES


Dissociation curves illustrate the change in haemoglobin saturation as the
partial pressure of oxygen changes. When the partial pressure of oxygen is
high, affinity is high and therefore saturation is high.

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Subject
Biology A
Uploaded on
February 5, 2021
Number of pages
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2020/2021
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Summary
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Subjects

  • biology
  • blood
  • oxygen
  • carbon dioxide
  • haemoglobin
  • transport
  • exchange
  • affinity
  • the bohr effect

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