NSE 211
NSE 211 Final Exam Review Questions and
Answers Verified 100% Graded A+ 2025-2026
wound
break in the continuity of body structure, caused by violence, trauma, or surgery to
tissue bodies
ex; of acute wounds
surgical incisions, traumatic wounds, lacerations, burns
ex; of chronic wounds
PI, diabetic ulcers, malignant
acute wound
wound that proceeds through an orderly & timely reparative process --> sustained
restoration of anatomical & functional integrity
phases of wound healing
1) inflammatory phase
2) proliferative phase
3) remodelling phase
what's a part of the proliferative phase?
proliferation, granulation & contraction
what happens during inflammatory phase?
1) hemostasis. (vasoconstriction)
2) platelets + fibrin forms, clot formation
3) histamina, vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, erythema, swelling &
warmth
what happens day 1-3 inflammatory phase?
neutrophils released to injury site, phagocytosis of debris beings.
NSE 211
,NSE 211
what happens during day 3-24 of proliferative phase?
1) granulation tissue appears in wound
2) contraction of wound edges
3) resurfacing by epithelialization --> dermal regen.
4) vascular bed reestablished
what happens during day 24-2 yrs of remodelling phase?
1) collagen fibers reorganize & remodel
2) permanent scar
3) attains 80% of original strength
Primary intention healing
wound that is closed by suture or wound closers & healing occurs by collagen
synthesis; lower risk of infection, and heals quickly w/ minimal scarring.
secondary intention healing
wound edges are not approximated. heals by granulation tissue formation, wound
contraction & epithelialization.
has a prolonged phase of inflammation due to increased time needed for
phagocytosis of necrotic tissue.
tertiary intention healing
wound is left open for several days as it could be contaminated. has an increased
risk of infection, so closure of wound is done later until risk of infection is
resolved.
why is the wound kept open for tertiary healing?
to allow exudate to drain, prevent the spread of deep infection & aiding
granulation.
medical asepsis
aka, clean technique.
includes procedures used to reduce & prevent the spread of microorganisms
ex; of medical asepsis
NSE 211
, NSE 211
hand washing, clean gloves, cleaning environment routinely.
ex; of surgical asepsis
aka surgical technique.
requires more stringent techniques, eliminating all microorganisms.
when do you use surgical asepsis?
when a patient's kin is broken, or if the nurse performs an invasive procedure in a
body cavity that is normally free of microorganisms.
ex; of surgical asepsis procedures
- protective clothing
- opening sterile packages
- sterile field
- pouring sterile solns
- surgical hand scrub
- gowning & gloving
Principles of Surgical Asepsis
- a sterile object remains sterile only when touched by another sterile object
- a sterile object or field out of range of vision or an object held below a person's
waist is contaminated
- a sterile objective or field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air.
complications of wound healing
hemorrhage, infection, dehiscence, evisceration, fistula formation
hemorrhage nsg dx d/t
slipped suture, dislodged clot, infection, or eroded blood vessel
hemorrhage nsg dx manifested by
- external-saturated sanguinous dressings
- internal-distension of body part
- change in drain output
- signs of hypovolemic shock
NSE 211
NSE 211 Final Exam Review Questions and
Answers Verified 100% Graded A+ 2025-2026
wound
break in the continuity of body structure, caused by violence, trauma, or surgery to
tissue bodies
ex; of acute wounds
surgical incisions, traumatic wounds, lacerations, burns
ex; of chronic wounds
PI, diabetic ulcers, malignant
acute wound
wound that proceeds through an orderly & timely reparative process --> sustained
restoration of anatomical & functional integrity
phases of wound healing
1) inflammatory phase
2) proliferative phase
3) remodelling phase
what's a part of the proliferative phase?
proliferation, granulation & contraction
what happens during inflammatory phase?
1) hemostasis. (vasoconstriction)
2) platelets + fibrin forms, clot formation
3) histamina, vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, erythema, swelling &
warmth
what happens day 1-3 inflammatory phase?
neutrophils released to injury site, phagocytosis of debris beings.
NSE 211
,NSE 211
what happens during day 3-24 of proliferative phase?
1) granulation tissue appears in wound
2) contraction of wound edges
3) resurfacing by epithelialization --> dermal regen.
4) vascular bed reestablished
what happens during day 24-2 yrs of remodelling phase?
1) collagen fibers reorganize & remodel
2) permanent scar
3) attains 80% of original strength
Primary intention healing
wound that is closed by suture or wound closers & healing occurs by collagen
synthesis; lower risk of infection, and heals quickly w/ minimal scarring.
secondary intention healing
wound edges are not approximated. heals by granulation tissue formation, wound
contraction & epithelialization.
has a prolonged phase of inflammation due to increased time needed for
phagocytosis of necrotic tissue.
tertiary intention healing
wound is left open for several days as it could be contaminated. has an increased
risk of infection, so closure of wound is done later until risk of infection is
resolved.
why is the wound kept open for tertiary healing?
to allow exudate to drain, prevent the spread of deep infection & aiding
granulation.
medical asepsis
aka, clean technique.
includes procedures used to reduce & prevent the spread of microorganisms
ex; of medical asepsis
NSE 211
, NSE 211
hand washing, clean gloves, cleaning environment routinely.
ex; of surgical asepsis
aka surgical technique.
requires more stringent techniques, eliminating all microorganisms.
when do you use surgical asepsis?
when a patient's kin is broken, or if the nurse performs an invasive procedure in a
body cavity that is normally free of microorganisms.
ex; of surgical asepsis procedures
- protective clothing
- opening sterile packages
- sterile field
- pouring sterile solns
- surgical hand scrub
- gowning & gloving
Principles of Surgical Asepsis
- a sterile object remains sterile only when touched by another sterile object
- a sterile object or field out of range of vision or an object held below a person's
waist is contaminated
- a sterile objective or field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air.
complications of wound healing
hemorrhage, infection, dehiscence, evisceration, fistula formation
hemorrhage nsg dx d/t
slipped suture, dislodged clot, infection, or eroded blood vessel
hemorrhage nsg dx manifested by
- external-saturated sanguinous dressings
- internal-distension of body part
- change in drain output
- signs of hypovolemic shock
NSE 211
