EXAM QUESTIONS
PAPER 1
Describethechemicalreactionsinvolvedintheconversionofpolymerstomonomersandmonomer
stopolymers.Givetwonamedexamplesofpolymersandtheirassociatedmonomerstoillustrateyo
uranswer.-CORRECTANSWERS-MONOMERSTOPOLYMERS
-Condensationreaction
-Waterisreleasedtoformbondbetweenthemonomers
-e.g.Alphaglucosemoleculesarebondedtogetherwithglycosidicbondstoformstarch
POLYMERSTOMONOMERS
-Hydrolysisreaction
-Waterisusedtobreakthebondsbetweentheindividualmonomers
-e.g.thepeptidebondsinproteinsarehydrolysedtoformindividualaminoacids
Whatisamonomer?-CORRECTANSWERS-Smallunitsfromwhichpolymersaremade
Abiochemicaltestforreducingsugarsproducesanegativeresultwithraffinosesolution.Describea
biochemicaltesttoshowthatraffinosesolutioncontainsanon-reducingsugar.-
CORRECTANSWERS--AddHCl,shakeandheat
-Addsodiumbicarbonateandshaketoneutralisetheacid
-AddBenedict'ssolutionandheatgentlyinawaterbath
-Positiveresult=brickredprecipitate
, AprecipitateisproducedinapositiveresultforreducingsugarinaBenedict'stest.Astudentcarriedo
utaBenedict'stest.Suggestamethod,otherthanusingacolorimeter,thatthisstudentcouldusetom
easurethequantityofreducingsugarinasolution.-CORRECTANSWERS--Filteranddryprecipitate
-Findmass/weight
Glycogenandcellulosearebothcarbohydrates.Describeandexplaintwodifferencesbetweenthes
tructureofacellulosemoleculeandaglycogenmolecule.-CORRECTANSWERS--
Glycogenisapolymerofalphaglucosebutcelluloseisapolymerofbetaglucose
-Celluloseisastraightchainbutglycogenisbranched
Describeandexplaintwofeaturesofstarchthatmakeitagoodstoragemolecule.-
CORRECTANSWERS--Insolublesodoesn'taffectosmoticpotential
-Branchedsomoleculeiscompact
Describethestructureofglycogen-CORRECTANSWERS--Polysaccharideofalphaglucose
-Joinedbyglycosidicbonds
Suggesthowglycogenactsasasourceofenergy.Don'tincludetransportacrossmembranesinyoura
nswer.-CORRECTANSWERS--Hydrolysedtoglucose
-Glucoseusedinrespiration
Explainthedifferenceinthestructureofthestarchmoleculeandthecellulosemoleculeshowninthe
diagramabove-CORRECTANSWERS--Starchformedfromalpha-
glucosebutcelluloseisformedfrombeta-glucose
-Positionofhydrogenandhydroxylgroupsoncarbonatom1isinverted
Explainonewayinwhichstarchmoleculesareadaptedfortheirfunctioninplantcells-
CORRECTANSWERS--insolublesodoesn'taffectwaterpotential
Explainhowcellulosemoleculesareadaptedfortheirfunctioninplantcells-CORRECTANSWERS--
Long,straightchains