MHR 405 - CH 2: Personality and Learning || Ace the
Exam: Verified A+ Answer Guide!!
personality correct answer stable set of psychological characteristics that influence the way
an individual interacts with his/her environment + how he/she feels, thinks, and behaves
-determined by genetic predisposition and long-term learning history
-variety of personality characteristics
dispositional approach correct answer focuses on individual disposition and personality
-individuals are predisposed to behave in certain ways
situational approach correct answer characteristics of the organizational setting (rewards,
punishment) influence people's feelings, attitudes, and behaviors
both D and S approaches are important for correct answer predicting and understanding
organizational behaviour
interactionist approach correct answer organizational behaviour is a function of both
dispositions and the situation
-to predict and understand organizational behaviour one must know something about the
individuals personality and the setting in which he/she works in
personality has correct answer most impact in weak situations (ex: ex: meeting new people
for the first time)
and least impact in strong situations (ex: military)
trait activation theory correct answer personality characteristics influence people's behaviour
when the situation calls for a particular personality characteristic
fit correct answer putting the right person in the right job, group, or organization and
exposing different employees to different management styles
the five-factor model of personality (ffm) correct answer 1) extraversion
2) emotional stability/neuroticism
3) agreeableness
4) conscientiousness
5) openness to experience
1) extraversion correct answer outgoing vs shy
-high score = sociable, outgoing, energetic, joyful, assertive
-important for jobs that require lot of interpersonal interaction ex: sales management
→ sociable vs shy
, 2) emotional stability/neuroticism correct answer degree to which a person has appropriate
emotional control
-high emotional stability (low neuroticism) = self-confident, high self-esteem
-low emotional stability = self-doubt, depression, anxious, prone to stress
-high emotional stability has more effective interactions with co-workers and customers;
more calm and secure
→ confident vs anxious
3) agreeableness correct answer extent to which a person is friendly and approachable
-more agreeable = friendly, sympathetic, considerate etc
-less agreeable = cold, argumentative, uncaring wtc
-in jobs that require interaction and involve helping, teamwork, cooperative
→ cooperative vs rude
→ organizational commitment
4) conscientiousness correct answer degree to which a person is responsible and achievement
oriented
-more conscientious = dependable, positively motivated, self-disciplined, hard working etc
-less conscientious = lazy, irresponsible, impulsive
-people with more conscientiousness are likely to perform better on their jobs given their
tendency toward hard work and achievement
→ responsible vs careless
→ organizational financial performance
5) openness to experience correct answer extent to which a person thinks flexibly, receptive
to new ideas
-more open = creativity and innovation
-less open = favour the status quo
-more open are likely to do well in jobs involving learning, creativity
→ curious vs dull
Exam: Verified A+ Answer Guide!!
personality correct answer stable set of psychological characteristics that influence the way
an individual interacts with his/her environment + how he/she feels, thinks, and behaves
-determined by genetic predisposition and long-term learning history
-variety of personality characteristics
dispositional approach correct answer focuses on individual disposition and personality
-individuals are predisposed to behave in certain ways
situational approach correct answer characteristics of the organizational setting (rewards,
punishment) influence people's feelings, attitudes, and behaviors
both D and S approaches are important for correct answer predicting and understanding
organizational behaviour
interactionist approach correct answer organizational behaviour is a function of both
dispositions and the situation
-to predict and understand organizational behaviour one must know something about the
individuals personality and the setting in which he/she works in
personality has correct answer most impact in weak situations (ex: ex: meeting new people
for the first time)
and least impact in strong situations (ex: military)
trait activation theory correct answer personality characteristics influence people's behaviour
when the situation calls for a particular personality characteristic
fit correct answer putting the right person in the right job, group, or organization and
exposing different employees to different management styles
the five-factor model of personality (ffm) correct answer 1) extraversion
2) emotional stability/neuroticism
3) agreeableness
4) conscientiousness
5) openness to experience
1) extraversion correct answer outgoing vs shy
-high score = sociable, outgoing, energetic, joyful, assertive
-important for jobs that require lot of interpersonal interaction ex: sales management
→ sociable vs shy
, 2) emotional stability/neuroticism correct answer degree to which a person has appropriate
emotional control
-high emotional stability (low neuroticism) = self-confident, high self-esteem
-low emotional stability = self-doubt, depression, anxious, prone to stress
-high emotional stability has more effective interactions with co-workers and customers;
more calm and secure
→ confident vs anxious
3) agreeableness correct answer extent to which a person is friendly and approachable
-more agreeable = friendly, sympathetic, considerate etc
-less agreeable = cold, argumentative, uncaring wtc
-in jobs that require interaction and involve helping, teamwork, cooperative
→ cooperative vs rude
→ organizational commitment
4) conscientiousness correct answer degree to which a person is responsible and achievement
oriented
-more conscientious = dependable, positively motivated, self-disciplined, hard working etc
-less conscientious = lazy, irresponsible, impulsive
-people with more conscientiousness are likely to perform better on their jobs given their
tendency toward hard work and achievement
→ responsible vs careless
→ organizational financial performance
5) openness to experience correct answer extent to which a person thinks flexibly, receptive
to new ideas
-more open = creativity and innovation
-less open = favour the status quo
-more open are likely to do well in jobs involving learning, creativity
→ curious vs dull
