NR 507 Midterm Exam / NR 507 WEEK 4 Midterm Exam (Version-7), NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology.2025/2026

NR 507 Week 4 Midterm Exam
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NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology
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1. Question v :
What is the final stage of the infectious process?
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, Student
Answer: Colonization

Invasion

Multiplication
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Spread
Instructor From the perspective of the microorganisms that cause disease, the infectious
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vExplanation: process undergoes four separate stages of progression: (1) colonization, (2)
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invasion, (3) multiplication, and (4) spread.
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Question 2
v Question
. v: Where in the respiratory tract do the majority of foreign objects
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aspirated by children finally lodge?
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Student
Answer: Trachea

Left lung v




v Bronchu

s

Bronchioles
Instructor Approximately 75% of aspirated foreign bodies lodge in a bronchus. The other
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vExplanation: options are not locations where children aspirate the majority of foreign objects.
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Question 3
v Question
. v: What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the
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newborn?
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Student
Answer: Immature immune system v v




Small alveoli v




Surfactant deficiency
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Anemia
Instructor RDS is primarily caused by surfactant deficiency and secondarily by a deficiency
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vExplanation: in alveolar surface area for gas exchange. None of the other options
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, are related to the cause of RDS.
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Question 4 v Question
. v: Which statement concerning benign tumors is true?
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Student Answer:
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The resulting pain is severe.
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Benign tumors are not encapsulated. Benign
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tumors are fast growing.
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The cells are well-differentiated.
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Instructor A benign tumor is well-differentiated with its tissue appearing similar to the
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vExplanation: tissue from which it arose. The other options are characteristic of a malignant
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tumor.
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Question 5 v Question
. v: Whichcompensatorymechanismisspontaneouslyusedbychildren
diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells?
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Student
Answer: Lyingontheir leftside v




Performing the Valsalva maneuver v v v




Squatting
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Hyperventilating
Instructor Squatting isaspontaneouscompensatorymechanismusedbyolderchildrento
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vExplanation: valleviatehypoxicspells.Squattingand itsvariantsincreasesystemicresistance while
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decreasing venousreturnto theheart from theinferiorvena cava.The other options
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would not result in these changes.
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Question 6 v Question
. : Whichcytokines initiatetheproductionofcorticotropin-releasing
h