Nutrition Exam 1 Study Guide Exam
with Questions and Correct Answers
2025
Define nutrition, nutrients, essential nutrients, and nutrient density. -
CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Nutrition - study of interactions between organisms
and food
2. Nutrients - Substances in food that provide energy, structure, and require
body processes
3. Essential Nutrients - Must be consumed in the diet, we must get these from
food versus making in the body
4. Nutrient Density - Measure of nutrients provided relative to calorie content.
Identify the six classes of nutrients by classifying them by need and function. -
CORRECT ANSWERS Micronutrients - Vitamin, minerals
Macronutrients - Water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats/lipids
1. Energy (kcals)
- CHO: 4 kcals/g
- Proteins: 4 kcals/g
- Lipids/fat - 9 kcals/g
2. Regulation
- All nutrients participate in regulation
3. Structure
- Water 62%
- Fat 16%
- Protein 16%
- Minerals, CHO, and other 6%
Distinguish between undernutrition and overnutrition. - CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Undernutrition
- Inadequate calorie intake
- Nutrient deficiencies
2. Overnutrition
- Excessive energy
, - Nutrient toxicities
Recognize nutrition related chronic diseases and the interaction between
genetics and lifestyle in predicting risk of disease. - CORRECT ANSWERS
Nutrient related diseases
1. Diabetes
2. Stroke
3. Cancer
4. Heart Disease
* Actual risk of disease results between interplay of your genes and your diet
and lifestyle.
Identify three factors that should be considered in order to design a healthy
diet. - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Variety
- Choose foods from different food groups
- Choose variety of foods from within each food group
2. Balance
- Balance foods high in one nutrient with foods low in that nutrient
- Balance calories in with calories out
3. Moderation
- Practice portion control
- Consume less unhealthy foods more often
List the steps of the scientific method. - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Observation
2. Hypothesis
3. Experiment
4. Theory
Recognize the different types of research studies. - CORRECT ANSWERS 1.
Epidemiological Research
- Observational research
- Seeing correlations, not cause-and-effect
- Looking in natural state.
2. Intervention Study/Clinical Traits
- Making participants change behavior
- Shows cause-and-effect
3. Animal studies
- Tested on animals
- Needs to be tested on humans
with Questions and Correct Answers
2025
Define nutrition, nutrients, essential nutrients, and nutrient density. -
CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Nutrition - study of interactions between organisms
and food
2. Nutrients - Substances in food that provide energy, structure, and require
body processes
3. Essential Nutrients - Must be consumed in the diet, we must get these from
food versus making in the body
4. Nutrient Density - Measure of nutrients provided relative to calorie content.
Identify the six classes of nutrients by classifying them by need and function. -
CORRECT ANSWERS Micronutrients - Vitamin, minerals
Macronutrients - Water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats/lipids
1. Energy (kcals)
- CHO: 4 kcals/g
- Proteins: 4 kcals/g
- Lipids/fat - 9 kcals/g
2. Regulation
- All nutrients participate in regulation
3. Structure
- Water 62%
- Fat 16%
- Protein 16%
- Minerals, CHO, and other 6%
Distinguish between undernutrition and overnutrition. - CORRECT ANSWERS
1. Undernutrition
- Inadequate calorie intake
- Nutrient deficiencies
2. Overnutrition
- Excessive energy
, - Nutrient toxicities
Recognize nutrition related chronic diseases and the interaction between
genetics and lifestyle in predicting risk of disease. - CORRECT ANSWERS
Nutrient related diseases
1. Diabetes
2. Stroke
3. Cancer
4. Heart Disease
* Actual risk of disease results between interplay of your genes and your diet
and lifestyle.
Identify three factors that should be considered in order to design a healthy
diet. - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Variety
- Choose foods from different food groups
- Choose variety of foods from within each food group
2. Balance
- Balance foods high in one nutrient with foods low in that nutrient
- Balance calories in with calories out
3. Moderation
- Practice portion control
- Consume less unhealthy foods more often
List the steps of the scientific method. - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Observation
2. Hypothesis
3. Experiment
4. Theory
Recognize the different types of research studies. - CORRECT ANSWERS 1.
Epidemiological Research
- Observational research
- Seeing correlations, not cause-and-effect
- Looking in natural state.
2. Intervention Study/Clinical Traits
- Making participants change behavior
- Shows cause-and-effect
3. Animal studies
- Tested on animals
- Needs to be tested on humans
