Test Bank For A Concise Introduction to Logic 14th Edition By Patrick J. Hurley, All Chapters ||Complete A+ Guide

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,Chapter 1 Test A
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MULTIPLE CHOICE cv




INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments fromcv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv


nonargumentsand identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
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1. There appears to be a growing happiness gap between men and women. Women today
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are workingmore and relaxing less, while men are working less and relaxing
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more. Forty years ago a typical woman spent 40 minutes more per week than the
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typical man performing an activity considered unpleasant. Today, with men working
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less, the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
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a. Argument; conclusion: Today ... the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
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b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: Forty years ago ... an activity considered unpleasant.
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d. Argument; conclusion: There appears to be ... between men and women.
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e. Argument; conclusion: Women today are working more cv cv cv cv cv cv




cv and relaxing less.ANS:
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2. Lead is toxic, but do you know why? Lead is toxic mainly because it preferentially
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replaces other metals in biochemical reactions. In so doing it interferes with the proteins
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that regulate blood pressure(which can cause development delays in children and
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high blood pressure in adults), heme production(which can lead to anemia), and
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cvsperm production. Lead also displaces calcium in the reactions that transmit
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electrical impulses in the brain, which diminishes the ability to think and recall
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information.
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Anne Marie Helmstine, "Your Guide to cv cv cv c v cv


Chemistry" c v


a. Argument; conclusion: It interferes with the proteins ... and sperm production.
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b. Argument; conclusion: Lead is toxic. c v c v c v cv


c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: It preferentially replaces other metals in biochemical reactions.
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e. Argument; conclusion: Lead also displaces calcium cv cv cv cv cv




cv ... recall information.ANS:
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3. Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself. He argued that it was
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virtuous to choose theproper amount of emotion and/or action called for in a particular
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situation and that extremes of emotion and action were vices. In all communities there
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are some men of practical wisdom who
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argued that they have the capacity to follow the "right rule" whatever the situation.
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David Cooper, Value Pluralism and Ethical Choice cv c v cv cv cv cv


a. Argument; conclusion: In all communities ... capacity to judge wisely.
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b. Argument; conclusion: Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself.
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c. Argument; conclusion: They have the capacity to follow ... the situation.
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d. Argument; conclusion: He argued that it was virtuous ... were vices
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e. Nonargument.
ANS: E PTS: 2

4. Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, and many of them also pay state, local,
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cv and federal income
cv taxand Social Security tax. They also purchase items from
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cv local merchants, increasing the amount these merchants pay in taxes. In addition,
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c v they work for low salaries, which increases the earnings of their employers and
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cv the amount of taxes these employers pay. Thus, it is not correct to say that
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cvimmigrants contribute nothing to the communities in which they live.
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1

,a. Argument; conclusion: It
c v c v c v is not
c v c v correct c v to say ... communities
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2

, b. Argument; conclusion: They work for low salaries ... these employers
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c. Argument; conclusion: Illegal immigrants pay ... Social Security tax.
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d. Argument; conclusion: They also purchase items ... pay in taxes.
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e. Nonargument.
ANS: A PTS: 2

5. Numerous studies have indicated that women of color, black women in particular, are over-
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arrested, over-indicted, and over-sentenced. African-American women are seven times
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more likely to be arrested for prostitution than women of other ethnic groups. Black
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women have received significantly longer sentences for crimes against property and served
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longer periods in prison. For both murder anddrug offenses, Euroamerican women ended up
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serving one-third less time for the same offenses than black women.
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Nancy Kurshan, "Women and Imprisonment in the cv cv c v c v c v cv


U.S." c v


a. Argument; conclusion: African-American women ... other ethnic groups.
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b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: For both murder and drug offenses ... black women.
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d. Argument; conclusion: Numerous studies have indicated ... over-sentenced.
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e. Argument; conclusion: Black women have received ... longer
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cv periods in prison.ANS: cv cv B PTS: 2 c v c v




6. It's even more important these days that your computer be protected by a firewall.
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c vThere are criminal elements lurking in the shadows of cyberspace who send out probes
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to detect unprotected PCs. Once avulnerable computer is found, these criminals install
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software that assists them in committing identity theft and fencing stolen IDs. They also
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defraud online advertisers by using these zombie computers tofvisit pay-per-click ads.
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a. Argument; conclusion: There are criminal elements ... to detect unprotected PCs.
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b. Argument; conclusion: Once a vulnerable computer ... fencing stolen IDs.
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c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: They also defraud ... to visit pay-per-click ads.
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e. Argument; conclusion: It's even more important ... protected
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cv by a firewall.ANS: E PTS: 2
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7. The earth is of interest to astronomy for
c v c v many reasons. c Nearly all
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cobservations
v must be made through the atmosphere, and the phenomena of the
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upper atmosphere and the magnetosphere reflect the state of interplanetary space. The
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earth is also the most important object of comparison for planetologists.
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Hannu Karttunen, et al., Fundamental Astronomy cv cv cv c v cv


a. Argument; conclusion: The phenomena ... state of interplanetary space.
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b. Argument; conclusion: The earth is also ... for planetologists.
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c. Argument; conclusion: The earth is of interest to astronomy.
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d. Nonargument.
e. Argument; conclusion: Nearly all observations ... cv cv cv cv cv




cv through the atmosphere.ANS: Ccv cv PTS: 2 c v




8. If the trade in tiger products is banned, tiger reserves are guarded by well equipped staff,
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communitiesabutting tiger habitat are given a stake in protecting tigers,
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and the makers of traditional medicines canbe persuaded that tiger parts are not
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needed, then tiger poaching will be halted, habitat and life sustaining prey will be
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restored, and the immanent extinction of tigers in the wild will be averted.
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a. Nonargument.
b. Argument; conclusion: The trade in tiger products is banned.
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c. Argument; conclusion: Tiger poaching will be halted. c v cv c v cv cv cv


d. Argument; conclusion: The makers of traditional medicines ... not needed.
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