UNIT 6 BIO BEYOND STUDY GUIDE | YOUR
SHORTCUT TO SUCCESS | TRUSTED, TESTED, AND
TRUE!
Anion - Answer: a negative ion formed by gaining electrons
Atomic number - Answer: the number of protons in an atom
Cation - Answer: a positive ion formed by losing electrons
Chemical bond - Answer: an interaction between two or more of the same or different
elements that results in the formation of molecules
Covalent bond - Answer: a type of strong bond between two or more of the same or
different elements; forms when electrons are shared between elements
Electron - Answer: a negatively charged particle that resides outside of the nucleus in
the electron orbital; lacks functional mass and has a charge of ?1
Electron transfer - Answer: the movement of electrons from one element to another
Element - Answer: one of 118 unique substances that cannot be broken down into
smaller substances and retain the characteristic of that substance; each element has a
specified number of protons and unique properties
Hydrogen bond - Answer: a weak bond between partially positively charged hydrogen
atoms and partially negatively charged elements or molecules
Ion - Answer: an atom or compound that does not contain equal numbers of protons
and electrons, and therefore has a net charge
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, Ionic bond - Answer: a chemical bond that forms between ions of opposite charges
Isotope - Answer: one or more forms of an element that have different numbers of
neutrons
Mass number - Answer: the number of protons plus neutrons in an atom
Matter - Answer: anything that has mass and occupies space
Neutron - Answer: a particle with no charge that resides in the nucleus of an atom; has
a mass of 1
Nonpolar covalent bond - Answer: a type of covalent bond that forms between atoms
when electrons are shared equally between atoms, resulting in no regions with partial
charges as in polar covalent bonds
Nucleus - Answer: (chemistry) the dense center of an atom made up of protons and
(except in the case of a hydrogen atom) neutrons
Octet rule - Answer: states that the outermost shell of an element with a low atomic
number can hold eight electrons
Periodic table of elements - Answer: an organizational chart of elements, indicating the
atomic number and mass number of each element; also provides key information about
the properties of elements
Polar covalent bond - Answer: a type of covalent bond in which electrons are pulled
toward one atom and away from another, resulting in slightly positive and slightly
negative charged regions of the molecule
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
SHORTCUT TO SUCCESS | TRUSTED, TESTED, AND
TRUE!
Anion - Answer: a negative ion formed by gaining electrons
Atomic number - Answer: the number of protons in an atom
Cation - Answer: a positive ion formed by losing electrons
Chemical bond - Answer: an interaction between two or more of the same or different
elements that results in the formation of molecules
Covalent bond - Answer: a type of strong bond between two or more of the same or
different elements; forms when electrons are shared between elements
Electron - Answer: a negatively charged particle that resides outside of the nucleus in
the electron orbital; lacks functional mass and has a charge of ?1
Electron transfer - Answer: the movement of electrons from one element to another
Element - Answer: one of 118 unique substances that cannot be broken down into
smaller substances and retain the characteristic of that substance; each element has a
specified number of protons and unique properties
Hydrogen bond - Answer: a weak bond between partially positively charged hydrogen
atoms and partially negatively charged elements or molecules
Ion - Answer: an atom or compound that does not contain equal numbers of protons
and electrons, and therefore has a net charge
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, Ionic bond - Answer: a chemical bond that forms between ions of opposite charges
Isotope - Answer: one or more forms of an element that have different numbers of
neutrons
Mass number - Answer: the number of protons plus neutrons in an atom
Matter - Answer: anything that has mass and occupies space
Neutron - Answer: a particle with no charge that resides in the nucleus of an atom; has
a mass of 1
Nonpolar covalent bond - Answer: a type of covalent bond that forms between atoms
when electrons are shared equally between atoms, resulting in no regions with partial
charges as in polar covalent bonds
Nucleus - Answer: (chemistry) the dense center of an atom made up of protons and
(except in the case of a hydrogen atom) neutrons
Octet rule - Answer: states that the outermost shell of an element with a low atomic
number can hold eight electrons
Periodic table of elements - Answer: an organizational chart of elements, indicating the
atomic number and mass number of each element; also provides key information about
the properties of elements
Polar covalent bond - Answer: a type of covalent bond in which electrons are pulled
toward one atom and away from another, resulting in slightly positive and slightly
negative charged regions of the molecule
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
