Areas of Difficulty
What happens to PTH in CKD?
Mechanisms which contribute to the development of ascites
Antidiuretic hormone function
Hypercalcuria and its role in the development of nephrolithiasis
Characteristics of struvite renal stones
Causes of hepatic encephalopathy
Cortisol causes vasoconstriction and sodium retention. It also increases glucose levels.
Urine specific gravity becomes low normal as we age.
Nephrolithiasis formation
Pancreatic cancer risk factors
Metastatic patterns of testicular cancer
Osteoporosis pathophysiology
TSH secretion decreases when we age.
Functions of cortisol
Most Testicular cancers secrete AFP
The function of RAAS
TSH Secretion decreases with age
Pancreatic Cancer Risk Factors and pathophysiology
Clinical manifestations and patho of cirrhosis