BIOL252: Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab 2025
Module 8 Exam Review / 70+ questions
Module 8: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Question 1
How does proper fluid balance directly influence electrolyte balance in the body?
● By enhancing the secretion of hormones that degrade electrolytes
● By completely preventing the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys
● Through the suppression of kidney function
● By only increasing the concentration of potassium in the extracellular fluid
● The amount of fluid in a compartment will affect the distribution and
concentration of electrolytes
Question 2
Proper fluid balance is necessary to maintain optimal cellular functioning by
ensuring that cells are adequately hydrated, which supports enzymatic reactions,
nutrient uptake, and waste removal.
● True
● False
Question 3
Which clinical assessment for hydration status measures how long it takes for
blood to re-perfuse tissue after pressure is applied?
,● Mucous membrane moisture
● Respiratory rate
● Blood pressure
● Skin turgor
● Capillary refill time
● Heart rate
Question 4
A clinician performs a full hydration assessment on a patient. The skin turgor test
showed an immediate response, mucous membranes look moist, and capillary
refill is under 2 seconds. What does this indicate about the patient’s hydration
status?
● Normal
● Overhydrated
● Dehydrated
Question 5
What role do baroreceptors play when a patient is dehydrated?
● They increase blood volume by releasing fluid from tissues
● They detect the drop in blood pressure and trigger sympathetic responses
to increase heart rate
● They stimulate parasympathetic activity to slow the heart rate
● They directly cause blood vessels to dilate
Question 6
Tonicity has no impact on cell integrity because it does not affect water movement
into or out of the cell.
, ● True
● False
Question 7
A patient is given an oral rehydration solution that, due to a formulation error,
contains a higher concentration of solutes than normal body fluids. What type of
solution was ingested and how does the resulting fluid shift affect cells?
● Isotonic: no change to the cells
● Hypotonic: cells swell and may burst
● Hypotonic: cells shrink
● Hypertonic: water moves into the cells causing swelling
● Hypertonic: water moves out of the cells causing them to shrink
.
Question 7
A patient is given an oral rehydration solution that, due to a formulation error,
contains a higher concentration of solutes than normal body fluids. What type of
solution was ingested and how does the resulting fluid shift affect cells?
● Isotonic: no change to the cells
● Hypotonic: water moves into cells causing swelling
● Hypertonic: water moves out of cells causing them to shrink
● Hypotonic: water moves equally in both directions
● Isotonic: cells swell due to water gain
Question 8
What is the primary regulator of water intake?
Module 8 Exam Review / 70+ questions
Module 8: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Question 1
How does proper fluid balance directly influence electrolyte balance in the body?
● By enhancing the secretion of hormones that degrade electrolytes
● By completely preventing the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys
● Through the suppression of kidney function
● By only increasing the concentration of potassium in the extracellular fluid
● The amount of fluid in a compartment will affect the distribution and
concentration of electrolytes
Question 2
Proper fluid balance is necessary to maintain optimal cellular functioning by
ensuring that cells are adequately hydrated, which supports enzymatic reactions,
nutrient uptake, and waste removal.
● True
● False
Question 3
Which clinical assessment for hydration status measures how long it takes for
blood to re-perfuse tissue after pressure is applied?
,● Mucous membrane moisture
● Respiratory rate
● Blood pressure
● Skin turgor
● Capillary refill time
● Heart rate
Question 4
A clinician performs a full hydration assessment on a patient. The skin turgor test
showed an immediate response, mucous membranes look moist, and capillary
refill is under 2 seconds. What does this indicate about the patient’s hydration
status?
● Normal
● Overhydrated
● Dehydrated
Question 5
What role do baroreceptors play when a patient is dehydrated?
● They increase blood volume by releasing fluid from tissues
● They detect the drop in blood pressure and trigger sympathetic responses
to increase heart rate
● They stimulate parasympathetic activity to slow the heart rate
● They directly cause blood vessels to dilate
Question 6
Tonicity has no impact on cell integrity because it does not affect water movement
into or out of the cell.
, ● True
● False
Question 7
A patient is given an oral rehydration solution that, due to a formulation error,
contains a higher concentration of solutes than normal body fluids. What type of
solution was ingested and how does the resulting fluid shift affect cells?
● Isotonic: no change to the cells
● Hypotonic: cells swell and may burst
● Hypotonic: cells shrink
● Hypertonic: water moves into the cells causing swelling
● Hypertonic: water moves out of the cells causing them to shrink
.
Question 7
A patient is given an oral rehydration solution that, due to a formulation error,
contains a higher concentration of solutes than normal body fluids. What type of
solution was ingested and how does the resulting fluid shift affect cells?
● Isotonic: no change to the cells
● Hypotonic: water moves into cells causing swelling
● Hypertonic: water moves out of cells causing them to shrink
● Hypotonic: water moves equally in both directions
● Isotonic: cells swell due to water gain
Question 8
What is the primary regulator of water intake?
