PSY 120 chapter 10 - Final Exam Exam
Questions and Verified Solutions 100%
Correct Answers Already Graded A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Intelligence. ANSWER -the ability to use inductive and deductive reasoning
; the cognitive capacity to reason, plan, solve problems and think abstractly; internal ability
that accounts for individual differences in mental test performance and allows us to adapt to
changing environments; a general ability to solve problems that can be understood via well-
designed mental tests
Psychometrics. ANSWER -A branch of psychology dedicated to improving the way
psychologists measure constructs of interest
Who was the first person to make an attempt at psychometrics ?. ANSWER -Galton (1822-
1911)
factor analysis. ANSWER -a statistical procedure used to lump similar variables together in
order to reduce the amount of data one has to deal with
Who developed factor analysis?. ANSWER -spearman
What was Spearman's perspective on intelligence?. ANSWER -
What is the factor g?. ANSWER -According to Spearman, a general factor, derived from
factor analysis, that underlies or contributes to performance on a variety of mental tests.
What is the factor s?. ANSWER -According to Spearman, a specific factor, derived from
factor analysis, that is unique to a particular kind of test.
, What was Thurstone's perspective on intelligence?. ANSWER -discovered evidence for
seven "primary mental abilities": verbal comprehension, verbal fluency, numerical ability,
spatial ability, memory, perceptual speed, and reasoning
How did it differ from Spearman's?. ANSWER -rejected Spearman's notion of a single
general intelligence, g; his analysis indicated that these seven primary abilities are largely
independent—just because someone is good at verbal reasoning doesn't mean he or she will
be good at memory or show perceptual speed
Did Thurstone support the existence of g?. ANSWER -no
seven primary mental abilities. ANSWER -verbal comprehension, verbal fluency, numerical
ability, spatial ability, memory, perceptual speed, and reasoning
What is a hierarchical model of intelligence?. ANSWER -g exists and is meaningful, but so
are several sub-factors; various levels can be assessed depending on predictive purposes
How does it represent a compromise between Spearman's perspective and Thurstone's
perspective?. ANSWER -Like Thurstone, propose separate factors that contribute
independently to certain types of tests; Like Spearman, these models also assume that each
of the separate factors is influenced by an overall g.
fluid intelligence. ANSWER -The natural ability to solve problems, reason, and remember;
is thought to be relatively uninfluenced by experience
crystallized intelligence. ANSWER -The knowledge and abilities acquired as a result of
experience (as from schooling and cultural influences).
Describe Gardner's case study approach to multiple intelligences.. ANSWER -People
sometimes show specialized skills or abilities that are not representative of a general ability
How did his perspective differ from Spearman's?. ANSWER -not a method for discovering a
single underlying g. An intelligence (rather than the intelligence) is defined as the ability to
solve problems that matter in a specific cultural setting; although Gardner believes each of
these separate intelligences may be rooted in the biology of the brain, each can be expressed
in a variety of ways, depending on one's culture.
Questions and Verified Solutions 100%
Correct Answers Already Graded A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Intelligence. ANSWER -the ability to use inductive and deductive reasoning
; the cognitive capacity to reason, plan, solve problems and think abstractly; internal ability
that accounts for individual differences in mental test performance and allows us to adapt to
changing environments; a general ability to solve problems that can be understood via well-
designed mental tests
Psychometrics. ANSWER -A branch of psychology dedicated to improving the way
psychologists measure constructs of interest
Who was the first person to make an attempt at psychometrics ?. ANSWER -Galton (1822-
1911)
factor analysis. ANSWER -a statistical procedure used to lump similar variables together in
order to reduce the amount of data one has to deal with
Who developed factor analysis?. ANSWER -spearman
What was Spearman's perspective on intelligence?. ANSWER -
What is the factor g?. ANSWER -According to Spearman, a general factor, derived from
factor analysis, that underlies or contributes to performance on a variety of mental tests.
What is the factor s?. ANSWER -According to Spearman, a specific factor, derived from
factor analysis, that is unique to a particular kind of test.
, What was Thurstone's perspective on intelligence?. ANSWER -discovered evidence for
seven "primary mental abilities": verbal comprehension, verbal fluency, numerical ability,
spatial ability, memory, perceptual speed, and reasoning
How did it differ from Spearman's?. ANSWER -rejected Spearman's notion of a single
general intelligence, g; his analysis indicated that these seven primary abilities are largely
independent—just because someone is good at verbal reasoning doesn't mean he or she will
be good at memory or show perceptual speed
Did Thurstone support the existence of g?. ANSWER -no
seven primary mental abilities. ANSWER -verbal comprehension, verbal fluency, numerical
ability, spatial ability, memory, perceptual speed, and reasoning
What is a hierarchical model of intelligence?. ANSWER -g exists and is meaningful, but so
are several sub-factors; various levels can be assessed depending on predictive purposes
How does it represent a compromise between Spearman's perspective and Thurstone's
perspective?. ANSWER -Like Thurstone, propose separate factors that contribute
independently to certain types of tests; Like Spearman, these models also assume that each
of the separate factors is influenced by an overall g.
fluid intelligence. ANSWER -The natural ability to solve problems, reason, and remember;
is thought to be relatively uninfluenced by experience
crystallized intelligence. ANSWER -The knowledge and abilities acquired as a result of
experience (as from schooling and cultural influences).
Describe Gardner's case study approach to multiple intelligences.. ANSWER -People
sometimes show specialized skills or abilities that are not representative of a general ability
How did his perspective differ from Spearman's?. ANSWER -not a method for discovering a
single underlying g. An intelligence (rather than the intelligence) is defined as the ability to
solve problems that matter in a specific cultural setting; although Gardner believes each of
these separate intelligences may be rooted in the biology of the brain, each can be expressed
in a variety of ways, depending on one's culture.
